Exam 12: Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

When an individual has two different alleles for a given gene, they are ____ for that gene. ​

Schizophrenia, hypertension, and diabetes are ____. ​

If your mother has cystic fibrosis, which is caused by a recessive allele, the odds of you having cystic fibrosis are ____. ​

Mouse pigmentation is subject to epistasis of the B alleles by the d alleles. B (black)is dominant over b (brown), and D is dominant over d . Homozygous d is epistatic to the black and brown genes. Given this information, what genotype(s)result in a white mouse (no pigment)? ​

In the case of complete dominance, if a plant has a ____ genotype for a particular trait, its phenotype will have the ____ trait. ​

Rice plants may be tolerant or intolerant to flooding. A true-breeding tolerant plant was crossed with a true-breeding intolerant plant, and approximately 75% of the F₁ generation was tolerant to flooding. What does this most likely suggest about the flood-tolerant and flood-intolerant alleles? ​

Two snapdragons heterozygous for alleles that encode red and white flower color are crossed. If the red and white alleles show incomplete dominance, what will be the ratios of phenotypes in the offspring? ​

Explain the genetic basis of height in humans.

Your mother has albinism, which is a recessive trait. Your father has cystic fibrosis, which is also a recessive trait. You discover that your new father-in-law has albinism and cystic fibrosis. If neither you nor your spouse has either albinism or cystic fibrosis, what are the odds that your first child will have both albinism and cystic fibrosis? ​

An F₁ individual resulting from a cross between a homozygous dominant parent and a homozygous recessive parent is always ____. ​

What is the probability of rolling a die twice and getting a 2 and a 6 in no particular order? ​

What is the difference between polygenic inheritance and pleiotropy? ​

Polygenic inheritance is often modified by ____. ​

Mendel studied what he called characters and traits. What is the relationship between these terms? ​

Characters that have a continuous distribution, such as height, weight, and skin color, are called ____, and the individual genes that control them are known as ____.

A man and woman are each heterozygous for the autosomal recessive gene for albinism. They already have two non-albino children and want to have two more. What is the probability that their next two children will be phenotypically identical to each other with regard to skin color (i.e., either both albinoor neither albino)? ​

The site on a chromosome where a gene is located is called its ____. ​

Events X and Y are independent of each other. If the probability of event X occurring is 1 in 4, and the probability of event Y occurring is 1 in 5, the probability of both events occurring is ____. ​

Would meiosis, when it was discovered, have been understood without Mendel's work? Explain why or why not, using Mendel's three key findings about inheritance.