Question 1

Match between columns
                        Premises: an IPSP, for example

Accepted Answer

The Answer of repolarization and depolarization and hyperpolarization is...

Question 2

The Nernst equation is used to calculate the ____.

Accepted Answer

A) action potential 
B) equilibrium potential 
C) membrane potential of a neuron at rest c 
D) membrane potential of a hyperpolarized neuron 
E) membrane potential of a depolarized neuron 
A) action potential 
B) equilibrium potential 
C) membrane potential of a neuron at rest c 
D) membrane potential of a hyperpolarized neuron 
E) membrane potential of a depolarized neuron

Question 3

What is the typical resting potential of an isolated neuron? ​

Accepted Answer

A) - 60 mV 
B) - 70 mV 
C) - 80 mV 
D) - 90 mV 
E) 100 mV 
A) - 60 mV 
B) - 70 mV 
C) - 80 mV 
D) - 90 mV 
E) 100 mV

Question 4

Depolarization of the neuronal plasma membrane occurs due to ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) the diffusion of K+ into the cell 
B) the diffusion of K+ out of the cell 
C) the diffusion of Na+ into the cell. ​ 
D) the diffusion of Na+ out of the cell 
E) closed gated channels 
A) the diffusion of K+ into the cell 
B) the diffusion of K+ out of the cell 
C) the diffusion of Na+ into the cell. ​ 
D) the diffusion of Na+ out of the cell 
E) closed gated channels

Question 5

Jean-Luc Eiselé and his coworkers used ______ receptors in their research on neurotransmitter receptor function. ​

Accepted Answer

A) African clawed frog 
B) toad 
C) artificial 
D) dog 
E) human 
A) African clawed frog 
B) toad 
C) artificial 
D) dog 
E) human

Question 6

Which process is responsible for the release of neurotransmitters from the presynaptic neuron into the synapse? ​

Accepted Answer

A) diffusion 
B) endocytosis ​ 
C) exocytosis 
D) fusion 
E) synaptic release 
A) diffusion 
B) endocytosis ​ 
C) exocytosis 
D) fusion 
E) synaptic release

Question 7

A graded, subthreshold change in the postsynaptic membrane potential that moves it toward threshold is called a(n)____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) IPSP 
B) hyperpolarization 
C) EPSP 
D) depolarization 
E) repolarization 
A) IPSP 
B) hyperpolarization 
C) EPSP 
D) depolarization 
E) repolarization

Question 8

When a neuron membrane potential becomes less negative, it is said to be ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) depolarized 
B) hyperpolarized 
C) repolarized 
D) damaged 
E) activated above the threshold potential 
A) depolarized 
B) hyperpolarized 
C) repolarized 
D) damaged 
E) activated above the threshold potential

Question 9

Which cells serve as electrical insulators in the central nervous system? ​

Accepted Answer

A) Schwann cells 
B) oligodendrocytes 
C) astrocytes 
D) efferent neurons 
E) afferent neurons 
A) Schwann cells 
B) oligodendrocytes 
C) astrocytes 
D) efferent neurons 
E) afferent neurons

Question 10

An action potential is propagated down an unmyelinated neuronal plasma membrane because it stimulates voltage-gated ____ channels adjacent to it. (Choose the most accurate answer.)​

Accepted Answer

A) Na+ 
B) Ca2+ 
C) K+ 
D) Na+ and Ca2+ 
E) K+ and Ca2+ 
A) Na+ 
B) Ca2+ 
C) K+ 
D) Na+ and Ca2+ 
E) K+ and Ca2+

Question 11

Match between columns
                        Premises: synaptic cleft

Accepted Answer

The Answer of  A and  E and  is...

Question 12

Match between columns
                        Premises: occurs in a postsynaptic membrane when ligand-gated Cl - S1S1P0 channels open

Accepted Answer

The Answer of repolarization and depolarization and hyperpolarization is...

Question 13

A trapeze artist loses her grip and falls off the trapeze, causing her heart rate to increase in response to the fear of falling (despite the net below to prevent injury). Which type of neurons is directly responsible for this increase in heart rate? ​

Accepted Answer

A) afferent neuron 
B) efferent neuron 
C) interneuron 
D) motor neuron 
E) Schwann cells 
A) afferent neuron 
B) efferent neuron 
C) interneuron 
D) motor neuron 
E) Schwann cells

Question 14

The binding of a neurotransmitter to ligand-gated Cl  -  channels will cause ____ in the postsynaptic membrane. ​

Accepted Answer

A) depolarization only 
B) hyperpolarization 
C) repolarization only 
D) apolarization 
E) depolarization and repolarization 
A) depolarization only 
B) hyperpolarization 
C) repolarization only 
D) apolarization 
E) depolarization and repolarization

Question 15

A frog sees a fly and immediately sticks his tongue out to catch it. Which type of cell transmitted the visual signal from his eye to his brain? ​

Accepted Answer

A) afferent neuron 
B) efferent neuron 
C) interneuron 
D) motor neuron 
E) Schwann cell 
A) afferent neuron 
B) efferent neuron 
C) interneuron 
D) motor neuron 
E) Schwann cell

Question 16

When a fist clenches to grasp a pencil, which neurotransmitter is most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

A) norepinephrine 
B) serotonin 
C) dopamine 
D) acetylcholine 
E) glutamate 
A) norepinephrine 
B) serotonin 
C) dopamine 
D) acetylcholine 
E) glutamate

Question 17

Where is a ganglion found? ​

Accepted Answer

A) brain 
B) spinal cord 
C) peripheral nervous system 
D) brain stem 
E) interneurons 
A) brain 
B) spinal cord 
C) peripheral nervous system 
D) brain stem 
E) interneurons

Question 18

If the K+ channels of an excitable plasma membrane were blocked by the action of a drug, which process(es)would be disrupted? ​

Accepted Answer

A) repolarization 
B) depolarization 
C) hyperpolarization 
D) repolarization and depolarization 
E) repolarization and hyperpolarization 
A) repolarization 
B) depolarization 
C) hyperpolarization 
D) repolarization and depolarization 
E) repolarization and hyperpolarization

Question 19

Approximately how many neurons comprise the human brain?

Accepted Answer

A) 1,000 
B) 50,000 
C) 100,000 
D) 75,000,000 
E) 86,000,000,000 
A) 1,000 
B) 50,000 
C) 100,000 
D) 75,000,000 
E) 86,000,000,000

Question 20

As the action potential peaks, ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) the activation gates of Na+ channels close 
B) the inactivation gates of Na+ channels close 
C) the activation gates of K+ channels close 
D) Na+/K+ active transport pumps are activated 
A) the activation gates of Na+ channels close 
B) the inactivation gates of Na+ channels close 
C) the activation gates of K+ channels close 
D) Na+/K+ active transport pumps are activated

Exam 39: Information Flow and the Neuron

The Nernst equation is used to calculate the ____.

What is the typical resting potential of an isolated neuron? ​

Depolarization of the neuronal plasma membrane occurs due to ____. ​

Jean-Luc Eiselé and his coworkers used ______ receptors in their research on neurotransmitter receptor function. ​

Which process is responsible for the release of neurotransmitters from the presynaptic neuron into the synapse? ​

A graded, subthreshold change in the postsynaptic membrane potential that moves it toward threshold is called a(n)____. ​

When a neuron membrane potential becomes less negative, it is said to be ____. ​

Which cells serve as electrical insulators in the central nervous system? ​

An action potential is propagated down an unmyelinated neuronal plasma membrane because it stimulates voltage-gated ____ channels adjacent to it. (Choose the most accurate answer.)​

A trapeze artist loses her grip and falls off the trapeze, causing her heart rate to increase in response to the fear of falling (despite the net below to prevent injury). Which type of neurons is directly responsible for this increase in heart rate? ​

The binding of a neurotransmitter to ligand-gated Cl - channels will cause ____ in the postsynaptic membrane. ​

A frog sees a fly and immediately sticks his tongue out to catch it. Which type of cell transmitted the visual signal from his eye to his brain? ​

When a fist clenches to grasp a pencil, which neurotransmitter is most likely involved?

Where is a ganglion found? ​

If the K+ channels of an excitable plasma membrane were blocked by the action of a drug, which process(es)would be disrupted? ​

Approximately how many neurons comprise the human brain?

As the action potential peaks, ____. ​

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

DNA Structure, Replication, and Organization

From DNA to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technologies: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

Filters

What is the typical resting potential of an isolated neuron?

Depolarization of the neuronal plasma membrane occurs due to ____.

Jean-Luc Eiselé and his coworkers used ______ receptors in their research on neurotransmitter receptor function.

Which process is responsible for the release of neurotransmitters from the presynaptic neuron into the synapse?

A graded, subthreshold change in the postsynaptic membrane potential that moves it toward threshold is called a(n)____.

When a neuron membrane potential becomes less negative, it is said to be ____.

Which cells serve as electrical insulators in the central nervous system?

An action potential is propagated down an unmyelinated neuronal plasma membrane because it stimulates voltage-gated ____ channels adjacent to it. (Choose the most accurate answer.)

A trapeze artist loses her grip and falls off the trapeze, causing her heart rate to increase in response to the fear of falling (despite the net below to prevent injury). Which type of neurons is directly responsible for this increase in heart rate?

The binding of a neurotransmitter to ligand-gated Cl ^- channels will cause ____ in the postsynaptic membrane.

A frog sees a fly and immediately sticks his tongue out to catch it. Which type of cell transmitted the visual signal from his eye to his brain?

Where is a ganglion found?

If the K⁺ channels of an excitable plasma membrane were blocked by the action of a drug, which process(es)would be disrupted?

As the action potential peaks, ____.