Question 1

Match between columns
                        Premises: describes how nutrients accumulate in four compartments

Accepted Answer

The Answer of simulation modeling and net primary productivity and is...

Question 2

Ecologists use compartment models to describe ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) grazer food webs 
B) detrital food webs 
C) nutrient cycling 
D) species richness 
E) inputs of solar energy 
A) grazer food webs 
B) detrital food webs 
C) nutrient cycling 
D) species richness 
E) inputs of solar energy

Question 3

Respiration affects a compartment model by ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) moving carbon, but not oxygen, from the available organic compartment to the available inorganic component 
B) moving oxygen, but not carbon, from the available organic compartment to the available inorganic component 
C) moving both carbon and oxygen from the available organic compartment to the available inorganic component 
D) moving both carbon and oxygen from the available inorganic compartment to the available organic component 
E) moving carbon, but not oxygen, from the available inorganic compartment to the available organic component 
A) moving carbon, but not oxygen, from the available organic compartment to the available inorganic component 
B) moving oxygen, but not carbon, from the available organic compartment to the available inorganic component 
C) moving both carbon and oxygen from the available organic compartment to the available inorganic component 
D) moving both carbon and oxygen from the available inorganic compartment to the available organic component 
E) moving carbon, but not oxygen, from the available inorganic compartment to the available organic component

Question 4

A nonnative species accidentally introduced into Lake Erie, ____ inadvertently helped restore the polluted lake by eating phytoplankton. ​

Accepted Answer

A) mayflies 
B) oligochaete worms 
C) phytoplankton 
D) salmon 
E) zebra mussels 
A) mayflies 
B) oligochaete worms 
C) phytoplankton 
D) salmon 
E) zebra mussels

Question 5

Nearly all ecosystems receive a constant input of energy from ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) bacteria 
B) biomass 
C) nutrients 
D) plants 
E) the sun 
A) bacteria 
B) biomass 
C) nutrients 
D) plants 
E) the sun

Question 6

What have you learned in the chapter about how humans can minimize their effects on food webs and nutrient cycles?

Accepted Answer

We have learned that human activities di

Question 7

How do agricultural practices affect the nitrogen cycle? ​

Accepted Answer

Agriculture depletes soil nitrogen by re

Question 8

Trophic pyramids typically have a ____ base and a ____ top portion. ​

Accepted Answer

A) narrow; narrow 
B) narrow; wide 
C) wide; narrow 
D) wide; wide 
E) flat; flat 
A) narrow; narrow 
B) narrow; wide 
C) wide; narrow 
D) wide; wide 
E) flat; flat

Question 9

Herbivores are ____ energy transfer(s)away from the sun. ​

Accepted Answer

A) one 
B) two 
C) three 
D) four 
E) five 
A) one 
B) two 
C) three 
D) four 
E) five

Question 10

Which process is performed by bacteria in mutualistic relationships with legumes? ​

Accepted Answer

A) ammonification 
B) biological magnification 
C) denitrification 
D) nitrification 
E) nitrogen fixation 
A) ammonification 
B) biological magnification 
C) denitrification 
D) nitrification 
E) nitrogen fixation

Question 11

Most biomass in trees is found in leaves, which do undergo photosynthesis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The Amazon rainforest's declining ability to withdraw CO2 from the atmosphere has not been attributed to increased ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) logging 
B) farming 
C) tree mortality rates 
D) logging bans 
E) fires 
A) logging 
B) farming 
C) tree mortality rates 
D) logging bans 
E) fires

Question 13

Why should humans consider eating "lower on the food chain"? ​

Accepted Answer

A) We digest and assimilate plant material more efficiently than meat. 
B) We digest and assimilate meat more efficiently than plant material. 
C) Many regions exist that support vegetation suitable only for feeding large herbivores. 
D) Energy efficiency is greater when passed through fewer trophic levels. 
E) No biological reaction is 100% efficient. 
A) We digest and assimilate plant material more efficiently than meat. 
B) We digest and assimilate meat more efficiently than plant material. 
C) Many regions exist that support vegetation suitable only for feeding large herbivores. 
D) Energy efficiency is greater when passed through fewer trophic levels. 
E) No biological reaction is 100% efficient.

Question 14

Match between columns
                        Premises: soil water

Accepted Answer

The Answer of  E and  A and  is...

Question 15

Most available carbon is present as ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) CO2 
B) CaCO3 
C) C 
D) HCO3¯ 
E) N2 
A) CO2 
B) CaCO3 
C) C 
D) HCO3¯ 
E) N2

Question 16

Compared to other regions, day length is ____ and sunlight intensity is ____ near the equator. ​

Accepted Answer

A) least variable; strongest 
B) least variable; weakest 
C) more variable; strongest 
D) more variable; weakest 
E) least variable; constant 
A) least variable; strongest 
B) least variable; weakest 
C) more variable; strongest 
D) more variable; weakest 
E) least variable; constant

Question 17

Nitrogen is made available to plants for their use by the process(es)of ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) ammonification only 
B) nitrification only 
C) nitrogen fixation only 
D) ammonification and nitrification only 
E) ammonification, nitrification, and nitrogen fixation 
A) ammonification only 
B) nitrification only 
C) nitrogen fixation only 
D) ammonification and nitrification only 
E) ammonification, nitrification, and nitrogen fixation

Question 18

Sedimentation converts ions and particles from the ____ into rocks of the ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) available inorganic compartment; unavailable inorganic compartment 
B) unavailable inorganic compartment; unavailable organic compartment 
C) available inorganic compartment; available organic compartment 
D) available inorganic compartment; unavailable organic compartment 
E) available organic compartment; unavailable inorganic compartment 
A) available inorganic compartment; unavailable inorganic compartment 
B) unavailable inorganic compartment; unavailable organic compartment 
C) available inorganic compartment; available organic compartment 
D) available inorganic compartment; unavailable organic compartment 
E) available organic compartment; unavailable inorganic compartment

Question 19

Match between columns
                        Premises: coal, oil, and peat

Accepted Answer

The Answer of  D and  E and  is...

Question 20

Geological processes in the nutrient cycle operate ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) quickly 
B) slowly 
C) on living material 
D) only on organic matter 
E) on solar energy 
A) quickly 
B) slowly 
C) on living material 
D) only on organic matter 
E) on solar energy

Exam 54: Ecosystems

Ecologists use compartment models to describe ____. ​

Respiration affects a compartment model by ____. ​

A nonnative species accidentally introduced into Lake Erie, ____ inadvertently helped restore the polluted lake by eating phytoplankton. ​

Nearly all ecosystems receive a constant input of energy from ____. ​

What have you learned in the chapter about how humans can minimize their effects on food webs and nutrient cycles?

How do agricultural practices affect the nitrogen cycle? ​

Trophic pyramids typically have a ____ base and a ____ top portion. ​

Herbivores are ____ energy transfer(s)away from the sun. ​

Which process is performed by bacteria in mutualistic relationships with legumes? ​

Most biomass in trees is found in leaves, which do undergo photosynthesis.

The Amazon rainforest's declining ability to withdraw CO2 from the atmosphere has not been attributed to increased ____. ​

Why should humans consider eating "lower on the food chain"? ​

Most available carbon is present as ____. ​

Compared to other regions, day length is ____ and sunlight intensity is ____ near the equator. ​

Nitrogen is made available to plants for their use by the process(es)of ____. ​

Sedimentation converts ions and particles from the ____ into rocks of the ____. ​

Geological processes in the nutrient cycle operate ____. ​

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

DNA Structure, Replication, and Organization

From DNA to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technologies: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

Filters

Ecologists use compartment models to describe ____.

Respiration affects a compartment model by ____.

A nonnative species accidentally introduced into Lake Erie, ____ inadvertently helped restore the polluted lake by eating phytoplankton.

Nearly all ecosystems receive a constant input of energy from ____.

How do agricultural practices affect the nitrogen cycle?

Trophic pyramids typically have a base and a top portion.

Herbivores are ____ energy transfer(s)away from the sun.

Which process is performed by bacteria in mutualistic relationships with legumes?

The Amazon rainforest's declining ability to withdraw CO₂ from the atmosphere has not been attributed to increased ____.

Why should humans consider eating "lower on the food chain"?

Most available carbon is present as ____.

Compared to other regions, day length is and sunlight intensity is near the equator.

Nitrogen is made available to plants for their use by the process(es)of ____.

Sedimentation converts ions and particles from the into rocks of the .

Geological processes in the nutrient cycle operate ____.