Question 1

Why is a pyramid of numbers for a forest sometimes narrow at the bottom? ​

Accepted Answer

A) Energy decreases as it passes through each trophic level. 
B) Energy increases as it passes through each trophic level. 
C) Individual producers are small and very numerous. 
D) Herbivorous insects vastly outnumber large producers. 
E) Large producers vastly outnumber insects. 
A) Energy decreases as it passes through each trophic level. 
B) Energy increases as it passes through each trophic level. 
C) Individual producers are small and very numerous. 
D) Herbivorous insects vastly outnumber large producers. 
E) Large producers vastly outnumber insects.

Question 2

The overall ecological efficiency of most organisms is between ____ percent. ​

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 2 
B) 2 and 5 
C) 5 and 20 
D) 10 and 50 
E) 50 and 75 
A) 1 and 2 
B) 2 and 5 
C) 5 and 20 
D) 10 and 50 
E) 50 and 75

Question 3

Earth is essentially a closed system with respect to ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) energy 
B) matter 
C) oxygen 
D) photosynthesis 
E) ecosystems 
A) energy 
B) matter 
C) oxygen 
D) photosynthesis 
E) ecosystems

Question 4

Which carbon reservoir contains the most carbon? ​

Accepted Answer

A) atmosphere 
B) biomass on land 
C) lakes 
D) oceans 
E) soil 
A) atmosphere 
B) biomass on land 
C) lakes 
D) oceans 
E) soil

Question 5

Which ecosystem has the lowest percentage of total net primary productivity? ​

Accepted Answer

A) open ocean 
B) savanna 
C) swamp and march 
D) temperate deciduous forests 
E) tundra 
A) open ocean 
B) savanna 
C) swamp and march 
D) temperate deciduous forests 
E) tundra

Question 6

How would ecological efficiency change if all humans became vegetarians? ​

Accepted Answer

Since energy is lost at each trophic lev

Question 7

The Hubbard Brook Watershed Project illustrated that ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) deforestation increases nutrients in nearby aquatic ecosystems 
B) deforestation can result in polluted streams 
C) deforestation results in calcium retention in soil 
D) primary consumers are the most important part of that energy pyramid 
E) trees absorb too much water and are not useful in a watershed area 
A) deforestation increases nutrients in nearby aquatic ecosystems 
B) deforestation can result in polluted streams 
C) deforestation results in calcium retention in soil 
D) primary consumers are the most important part of that energy pyramid 
E) trees absorb too much water and are not useful in a watershed area

Question 8

Which forms of nitrogen are readily usable by plants? ​

Accepted Answer

A) NH3, NH4+ and NO3  -  
B) NH4+ and NO2  -  
C) N2 and NH3 
D) NH4 and NH3 
E) NO3  -  and NO4  -  
A) NH3, NH4+ and NO3  -  
B) NH4+ and NO2  -  
C) N2 and NH3 
D) NH4 and NH3 
E) NO3  -  and NO4  -

Question 9

High ____ concentrations in Lake Erie encouraged the growth of photosynthetic algae, which changed the phytoplankton community. ​

Accepted Answer

A) sewage 
B) detergent 
C) coliform bacteria 
D) phosphorous 
E) dead fish 
A) sewage 
B) detergent 
C) coliform bacteria 
D) phosphorous 
E) dead fish

Question 10

How do the pyramids of biomass for Silver Springs, Florida, and the English Channel compare? ​

Accepted Answer

A) They are both typical of most ecosystems. 
B) They both indicate that producers are quickly eaten by herbivores. 
C) The pyramid for Silver Springs is typical of most ecosystems and the English Channel pyramid indicates that producers are quickly eaten by herbivores. 
D) The pyramid for Silver Springs indicates that producers are quickly eaten by herbivores, and the English Channel pyramid is typical of most ecosystems. 
E) Both pyramids indicate overgrowth of producers. 
A) They are both typical of most ecosystems. 
B) They both indicate that producers are quickly eaten by herbivores. 
C) The pyramid for Silver Springs is typical of most ecosystems and the English Channel pyramid indicates that producers are quickly eaten by herbivores. 
D) The pyramid for Silver Springs indicates that producers are quickly eaten by herbivores, and the English Channel pyramid is typical of most ecosystems. 
E) Both pyramids indicate overgrowth of producers.

Question 11

One disadvantage of a simulation model of an ecosystem is that it ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) does not take into effect interactions between organisms 
B) does not take into effect nutrient availability 
C) does not take into effect water availability 
D) may not be accurate 
E) may predict disastrous consequences 
A) does not take into effect interactions between organisms 
B) does not take into effect nutrient availability 
C) does not take into effect water availability 
D) may not be accurate 
E) may predict disastrous consequences

Question 12

The products of ____ are N2O and N2. ​

Accepted Answer

A) ammonification 
B) biological magnification 
C) denitrification 
D) nitrification 
E) nitrogen fixation 
A) ammonification 
B) biological magnification 
C) denitrification 
D) nitrification 
E) nitrogen fixation

Question 13

Burning fossil fuels has clearly resulted in ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) increases in atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide 
B) increases in extinction rates 
C) increases in concentrations of carbon dioxide in soils 
D) increases in carbon retention in animals 
E) decreases in atmospheric concentrations of oxygen 
A) increases in atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide 
B) increases in extinction rates 
C) increases in concentrations of carbon dioxide in soils 
D) increases in carbon retention in animals 
E) decreases in atmospheric concentrations of oxygen

Question 14

What is thought to be responsible for the worldwide deaths of corals and their endosymbiotic algae? ​

Accepted Answer

A) ocean acidification 
B) nitrogen fixation 
C) soil runoff 
D) declining primary productivity 
E) depletion of oxygen in the oceans 
A) ocean acidification 
B) nitrogen fixation 
C) soil runoff 
D) declining primary productivity 
E) depletion of oxygen in the oceans

Question 15

What is the relationship of food webs to biological magnification of toxins?

Accepted Answer

When there are toxins present in the soi

Question 16

Match between columns
                        Premises: gaseous reservoir of carbon dioxide

Accepted Answer

The Answer of  B and  D and  is...

Question 17

Which factors govern the rate of primary productivity in freshwater and marine ecosystems? ​

Accepted Answer

A) availability of water 
B) availability of sunlight and nutrients only 
C) depth of the water only 
D) depth of the water and availability of sunlight and nutrients 
E) availability of oxygen 
A) availability of water 
B) availability of sunlight and nutrients only 
C) depth of the water only 
D) depth of the water and availability of sunlight and nutrients 
E) availability of oxygen

Question 18

Which factor is least useful for making predictions about how urbanization and climate change will affect the carbon cycle? ​

Accepted Answer

A) the architecture of the canopy of trees overhead 
B) leaf positioning 
C) leaf losses 
D) timing of natural events 
E) extent of agricultural practices 
A) the architecture of the canopy of trees overhead 
B) leaf positioning 
C) leaf losses 
D) timing of natural events 
E) extent of agricultural practices

Question 19

Which marine ecosystem has the highest mean net primary productivity? ​

Accepted Answer

A) continental shelf 
B) estuaries 
C) kelp beds and reefs 
D) open ocean 
E) upwelling zones 
A) continental shelf 
B) estuaries 
C) kelp beds and reefs 
D) open ocean 
E) upwelling zones

Question 20

Match between columns
                        Premises: tertiary consumers

Accepted Answer

The Answer of B and E and D and A is...

Exam 54: Ecosystems

Why is a pyramid of numbers for a forest sometimes narrow at the bottom? ​

The overall ecological efficiency of most organisms is between ____ percent. ​

Earth is essentially a closed system with respect to ____. ​

Which carbon reservoir contains the most carbon? ​

Which ecosystem has the lowest percentage of total net primary productivity? ​

How would ecological efficiency change if all humans became vegetarians? ​

The Hubbard Brook Watershed Project illustrated that ____. ​

Which forms of nitrogen are readily usable by plants? ​

High ____ concentrations in Lake Erie encouraged the growth of photosynthetic algae, which changed the phytoplankton community. ​

How do the pyramids of biomass for Silver Springs, Florida, and the English Channel compare? ​

One disadvantage of a simulation model of an ecosystem is that it ____. ​

The products of ____ are N2O and N2. ​

Burning fossil fuels has clearly resulted in ____. ​

What is thought to be responsible for the worldwide deaths of corals and their endosymbiotic algae? ​

What is the relationship of food webs to biological magnification of toxins?

Which factors govern the rate of primary productivity in freshwater and marine ecosystems? ​

Which factor is least useful for making predictions about how urbanization and climate change will affect the carbon cycle? ​

Which marine ecosystem has the highest mean net primary productivity? ​

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

DNA Structure, Replication, and Organization

From DNA to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technologies: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

Filters

Why is a pyramid of numbers for a forest sometimes narrow at the bottom?

The overall ecological efficiency of most organisms is between ____ percent.

Earth is essentially a closed system with respect to ____.

Which carbon reservoir contains the most carbon?

Which ecosystem has the lowest percentage of total net primary productivity?

How would ecological efficiency change if all humans became vegetarians?

The Hubbard Brook Watershed Project illustrated that ____.

Which forms of nitrogen are readily usable by plants?

High ____ concentrations in Lake Erie encouraged the growth of photosynthetic algae, which changed the phytoplankton community.

How do the pyramids of biomass for Silver Springs, Florida, and the English Channel compare?

One disadvantage of a simulation model of an ecosystem is that it ____.

The products of ____ are N₂O and N₂.

Burning fossil fuels has clearly resulted in ____.

What is thought to be responsible for the worldwide deaths of corals and their endosymbiotic algae?

Which factors govern the rate of primary productivity in freshwater and marine ecosystems?

Which factor is least useful for making predictions about how urbanization and climate change will affect the carbon cycle?

Which marine ecosystem has the highest mean net primary productivity?