Exam 6: A: Conditioning and Learning

B.F.Skinner is known for studying

The two types of associative learning are

Fears and phobias cannot be readily eased by merely reading about them because

Lanita blushes when she is embarrassed or ashamed.This behavior was most likely formed in childhood and would be classified by behaviorists as a

Operant conditioning is to Skinner as classical conditioning is to

During a conditioned emotional response,which area of the brain becomes more active and produces feelings of fear?

If your mouth waters each time you eat a cookie,you may learn to salivate when you merely see a cookie or a picture of cookie.Your mouth watering to the sight of a cookie illustrates

If you wear a particular tie and get teased and laughed at,you are less likely to wear this tie again.This illustrates

A relatively permanent change in behavior as a result of experience is the definition of

Which of the following involves using a well-learned CS as an unconditioned stimulus?

After pairing the conditioned stimulus (CS)and unconditioned stimulus (US)in a series of conditioning trials,the organism learns to respond to the CS alone.This learned behavior is then termed the

For optimal conditioning,the minimum delay between the CS and US should be

Barnabus the rat learned a complex series of behaviors,including climbing a staircase,pulling a toy car,wriggling through a tube,and then pressing a lever,in order to receive a food pellet.This complex series of behavior were learned through

Rituals to bring rain,ward off illness,or produce abundant crops very likely earn the faith of participants because they occasionally appear to succeed.This illustrates

Psychologists define learning as

In examining expectations that develop during operant conditioning from the informational perspective,which of the following statements is most accurate?

In classical conditioning,learning is evident when a

A child watches other children wince with pain as they receive hypodermic injections.Although the child has never received an injection,he responds emotionally when a needle is brought near him.His reaction is an example of

Three-year-old Johnny was classically conditioned to salivate to a bell that was paired with lemon juice.After this conditioned response was extinguished,the experimenter presented the bell the following day,and Johnny responded by salivating again to the bell,at least at first.Johnny's return to the learned response is known as

According to the authors of your textbook,the key to associative learning is