Exam 6: A: Conditioning and Learning

In Pavlov's experiments,the meat powder (food)placed on the dog's tongue was the

The term for the initial phase of conditioning when the CS and US are paired is termed

In operant conditioning,any event that reliably increases the probability or frequency of the response it follows is called a(n)

A linked series of actions that lead to reinforcement is the definition of which of the following concepts?

When you are about to get a shot with a hypodermic needle,your muscles tighten and there is a catch in your breathing because you have learned to expect that getting poked with a needle will be painful.This explanation of your behavior is consistent with

A child has learned to avoid a furry,black cat of her neighbor's.However,she still plays with her grandmother's short-haired gray tabby cat.Her response demonstrates

Jeffery's first love was Mia,who had long blonde hair and big blue eyes.Alas,Mia's family moved far away from Jeffery's little town.The next semester,there was a new girl in Jeffery's ninth grade class.Jeffery was immediately smitten with Lauren and her long blonde hair and beautiful blue eyes.Jeffery's immediate attraction to Lauren illustrates

Which of the following would be considered a response?

Which of the following concepts explains how people who counsel traumatized victims of sexual abuse sometimes become traumatized themselves?

Learning by consequences occurs during

A child who acquires a fear of a light socket because she saw someone else get shocked when he touched it is exhibiting

If you ring the bell many times and do not follow it with lemon juice,Johnny's expectancy that the bell will precede the lemon juice will weaken.As it does,he will lose his tendency to salivate when he hears the bell because which of the following has occurred?

What is meant by the statement,"Classical conditioning is a reversible process"?

The unconditioned stimulus,by definition,leads to a(n)

In classical conditioning,a neutral stimulus is repeatedly paired with another stimulus that naturally elicits a reflex response.This neutral stimulus will become known as the

Operant conditioning is also known as

Michael is 12 years old and is undergoing chemotherapy treatment.after his first chemotherapy treatment,Michael experienced nausea and vomiting.After several treatments,Michael now experiences anticipatory nausea as soon as he enters the treatment room and before he receives the chemotherapy.In this classical conditioning example,Michael's initial chemotherapy treatment would be considered the

Three-year-old Johnny was classically conditioned to salivate to a bell that was paired with lemon juice.Johnny also salivates to the sound of a ringing telephone and to a doorbell,even though they were never used as conditioning stimuli.Johnny's salivation to the ringing telephone and to the doorbell illustrate

Which of the following concepts explains how many Americans were traumatized as a consequence of watching media coverage of the September 11th terrorist attacks?

Abstract "book learning" would be considered a form of