Exam 6: A: Conditioning and Learning

The blinking of your eye to a puff of air would be a good example of a(n)

If a girl gets stung by a bee,she may learn to associate pain with bees and to fear them.In this case,the discomfort she feels immediately after seeing the bee will serve to __________ her fear.

Tamara is deathly afraid of coming in contact with germs.So,her therapist gradually exposes Tamara to "unclean" things,such as touching dirt or taking a bite of an unwashed piece of fruit,while in a calm,relaxed,and supportive environment.This technique is known as

A child shows fear when sitting in a dentist's chair,but does not become frightened when he is placed in the similar-looking barber's chair.Regarding the two chairs,this child is exhibiting

A conditioned stimulus comes to evoke a response because it has been repeatedly paired with a(n)

In classical conditioning,the tendency to respond to stimuli similar to (but not identical to)a conditioned response is called

In which type of associative learning are the consequences the most important aspect for the learning to take place?

A parent is trying to increase the time his child spends studying by rewarding the child with a baseball card for each hour he studies.The child does not increase or decrease his study time.This story illustrates the difference between

Which of the following is a fear that persists even when no realistic danger exists?

Any event that increases the probability that a response will occur again is referred to as a

What type of disordered conditioning did psychologist Diana Woodruff-Pak notice in patients six years before other tests on these patients showed signs of dementia?

Superstitious behaviors are

An emotional response that has been linked to a previously nonemotional stimulus by classical conditioning is called a(n)

Which of the following is the appropriate sequence for classically conditioning an eyeblink response to an auditory stimulus?

In Pavlov's experiments with dogs,the unconditioned response was the

If an operant reinforcer is only given after a desired response has occurred,the reinforcer is said to be

Mollie loved to eat her grandmother's pecan pie.However,as her grandmother got older,she had difficulty picking out all the pecan shells,so some of the pieces got cooked into the pie.When Mollie would bite into a piece of pecan shell in the pie,she would grab her jaw in pain.After several visits eating "pecan-shell" pie,Mollie would grab her jaw before she even put a bite of pie in her mouth.The pain (of biting a pecan shell)is the

Which form of learning would most likely be studied in a Skinner box?

Which of the following would most likely be acquired by classical conditioning?

While "playing" with a lighted candle,a child burned her finger.The candle flame,thus,becomes a conditioned fear stimulus with the child also developing a healthy fear of other flames,such as those from matches,lighters,fireplaces,and stoves.This fear of other flames developed because of