Exam 7: Section 2: Learning

A doctor gives a patient in chronic pain a morphine pump to operate. The doctor tells the patient to press the button whenever she is in pain. The button press will result in a morphine injection, but only if it has been at least 1 hour since the last injection. The morphine pump is operating according to which schedule of reinforcement?

Molly's mail carrier delivers the mail promptly at noon each day. Molly never checks her mailbox in the morning, but always checks it at 12:05 p.m. Molly's mail checking is maintained on which schedule?

When the Brelands tried to teach pigs and raccoons to drop a coin in a box, the animals:

In rats, taste aversions are elicited by _____; in birds, taste aversions are elicited by _____.

Using an artificial grammar is one way of studying:

If the connections between the amygdala and midbrain regions are severed, a CS paired with shock will no longer elicit _____ in a rat:

A study put rats in a typical T-maze that ended with two different directions. The study found that if a rat found food in one arm on the first trial of the day, it typically looked in the other arm on the very next trial. This is BEST explained by:

Sam was an accomplished furniture maker and was paid well each time he produced a set number of pieces of furniture. Which reinforcement schedule was Sam was on?

You watch a horror movie, and are scared. Running through the background music is a sustained, high-pitched note on a violin. The next day, you are watching a drama that also has background music featuring violin. Suddenly, you feel uneasy. Which process explains this effect?

James Olds (1956) discovered that rats would ignore food, water, and other life-sustaining necessities for hours if they were able to control stimulation of certain parts of the brain. He called these areas of the brain:

All of these are examples of schedules of intermittent reinforcement EXCEPT:

Secondary reinforcers derive their effectiveness from their associations with primary reinforcers through:

Which statement about the conditioned stimulus in classical conditioning is true?

When something undesirable has been removed upon the occurrence of a behavior, and as a result that behavior is strengthened, _____ has happened.

Cancer patients experiencing nausea from chemotherapy often develop taste aversions to the foods they had eaten earlier. Based on the research of Garcia and colleagues, researchers developed a technique for minimizing this negative effect involving:

Which brain region was critical for Little Albert to form the association between the rat and the loud noise?

Pavlov conditioned dogs to salivate at the sound of a bell by following the bell with food. How could Pavlov use extinction to eliminate salivating to bells?

Laboratory monkeys that have never seen snakes or flowers watch other monkeys display a fear response to these things. Through observation, observer monkeys learn to fear:

Who conducted the "Little Albert" study on conditioned fear?

In Pavlov's research, what was the US?