Exam 8: A: Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Some researchers find that self-discipline predicts grades in school even better than IQ scores do.

The use of culture-fair intelligence tests eliminates ethnic differences in test scores.

Hierarchical theories of intelligence include both general and specific components of intelligence.

Creative ability involves knowing what solution or plan will actually work.

The Bayley Scales can be used to detect developmental problems.

The Bayley Scales of Infant Development consist of five scales that measure mental and motor ability.

Charles Spearman argued that many different intelligences exist.

Analytic ability involves dealing adaptively with novel situations and problems.

Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences does not address the developmental history of the different intelligences.

The purpose of Binet and Simon's first intelligence test was to determine which children were likely to succeed in school.

Some individuals with intellectual disabilities can learn job skills and lead independent lives.

Studies of adopted children indicate that the impact of heredity on IQ decreases during childhood and adolescence.

Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences is based on standardized intelligence test performance.

Sternberg defines successful intelligence as using one's abilities skillfully to achieve one's personal goals.

Young infants who habituate to visual stimuli more rapidly tend to have higher IQ scores as children.

People with greater emotional intelligence have higher self-esteem and more satisfying interpersonal relationships.

Infant IQ scores from 6-month-olds predict later IQ scores.

The results of the Canadian Aboriginal Head Start program indicate that intervention does not improve disadvantaged children's cognitive development.

Stereotype threat may explain why European American children have lower intelligence test scores than African American children.

Intellectual disability refers to substantial limitations in intellectual ability, as well as problems adapting to an environment, with both emerging before 18 years of age.