Exam 10: D: Within-Subjects Designs: Can Watching Reality Tv Shows Be Good for Us
What information is included in a write up for a t-test for dependent means?
The information in a write up of a t-test for dependent means should include the t score,degrees of freedom,the significance level notated with p,as well as an effect size,usually noted with a Cohen's d.
Provide a simple example of maturation.
Maturation refers to a threat to internal validity that stems from either long-term or short-term physiological changes that occur within the participants and may influence the dependent variable.For example,if an individual begins to drink alcohol at an early age and develops a tolerance over time,this could result in maturation,and changes to his or her attention and cognitive abilities would be reflected in his or her responses over time.
Describe the Rosenberg self-esteem scale used in the study throughout Chapter 10 and how you would interpret participant's scores.
The Rosenberg self-esteem scale consists of 10 items scored using a 4-point scale,ranging from 0 = strongly disagree to 3 = strongly agree,to assess overall levels of self-esteem.Scores across all 10 items need to be summed and half of the items need to be reverse-scored to accurately identify the rating anchors.The higher the score,the higher the level of endorsed self-esteem.
What are baseline measurements and why are they important to within-subjects designs?
What is the difference between a one-way ANOVA and a repeated-measures ANOVA?
Describe the potential solutions to the following order effects: practice effect and fatigue effect.
Describe the possible solutions to the following threats to internal validity: maturation and testing effects.
What is the difference between a repeated-measures analysis of variance and a t-test for dependent means?
Describe attrition and provide an example of when it is likely within an experiment.
What is counterbalancing and how does it help minimize order effects?
Why is a thorough literature review so important to current research?
Describe what internal validity refers to and identify one example of a threat to internal validity.
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