Exam 10: D: Within-Subjects Designs: Can Watching Reality Tv Shows Be Good for Us

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What information is included in a write up for a t-test for dependent means?

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The information in a write up of a t-test for dependent means should include the t score,degrees of freedom,the significance level notated with p,as well as an effect size,usually noted with a Cohen's d.

Provide a simple example of maturation.

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Maturation refers to a threat to internal validity that stems from either long-term or short-term physiological changes that occur within the participants and may influence the dependent variable.For example,if an individual begins to drink alcohol at an early age and develops a tolerance over time,this could result in maturation,and changes to his or her attention and cognitive abilities would be reflected in his or her responses over time.

Describe the Rosenberg self-esteem scale used in the study throughout Chapter 10 and how you would interpret participant's scores.

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The Rosenberg self-esteem scale consists of 10 items scored using a 4-point scale,ranging from 0 = strongly disagree to 3 = strongly agree,to assess overall levels of self-esteem.Scores across all 10 items need to be summed and half of the items need to be reverse-scored to accurately identify the rating anchors.The higher the score,the higher the level of endorsed self-esteem.

What are baseline measurements and why are they important to within-subjects designs?

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What is the sensitization effect?

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What is the difference between a one-way ANOVA and a repeated-measures ANOVA?

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Describe the potential solutions to the following order effects: practice effect and fatigue effect.

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Describe the possible solutions to the following threats to internal validity: maturation and testing effects.

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What is the difference between a repeated-measures analysis of variance and a t-test for dependent means?

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Describe attrition and provide an example of when it is likely within an experiment.

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Define longitudinal design and describe an example of such a design.

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What is counterbalancing and how does it help minimize order effects?

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Why is a thorough literature review so important to current research?

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Describe what internal validity refers to and identify one example of a threat to internal validity.

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Define instrumentation and provide an example.

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