Question 1

Dr.Lugo is lecturing on various statistical analyses in class.He notes the definition for a one-way analysis of variance as:

Accepted Answer

A)  a statistical test in which both variables are categorical and determines if the distribution of participants across categories is different than expected. 
B)  a statistical test that examines all of the possible combinations of conditions in a way that statistically accounts for the fact that we did not predict them ahead of time. 
C)  a statistical test that determines whether responses from the different conditions are essentially the same or whether the responses from at least one of the conditions differ from the others. 
D)  a statistical test that allows a priori decisions to test comparisons between groups predicted ahead of time. 
A)  a statistical test in which both variables are categorical and determines if the distribution of participants across categories is different than expected. 
B)  a statistical test that examines all of the possible combinations of conditions in a way that statistically accounts for the fact that we did not predict them ahead of time. 
C)  a statistical test that determines whether responses from the different conditions are essentially the same or whether the responses from at least one of the conditions differ from the others. 
D)  a statistical test that allows a priori decisions to test comparisons between groups predicted ahead of time. C

Question 2

Deandre is new teacher at a local elementary school.He decides to conduct a brief study testing the fifth graders knowledge of science at the beginning of the school year and at the end of the school year.He will randomly assign students to either a "hands-on" science group that does experiments with each lesson plan or to a "video" science group that assigns videos and online tutorials in support of the science lesson plans.Based on this information which of the following would be considered the independent variable (IV)?

Accepted Answer

A)  types of science group 
B)  science knowledge at the beginning of the year 
C)  science knowledge at the end of the year 
D)  age of the fifth graders 
A)  types of science group 
B)  science knowledge at the beginning of the year 
C)  science knowledge at the end of the year 
D)  age of the fifth graders A

Question 3

Warren randomly assigned 60 participants to describe a positive childhood memory,a negative childhood memory,or a neutral childhood memory and then complete a mood questionnaire.Warrens wants the overall differences between groups.Which statistic is appropriate to use?

Accepted Answer

A)  a one-way ANOVA 
B)  independent samples t test 
C)  planned contrast 
D)  post-hoc tests 
A)  a one-way ANOVA 
B)  independent samples t test 
C)  planned contrast 
D)  post-hoc tests A

Question 4

In a 2008 study examining the cognitive benefits of interacting with nature researchers found:

Accepted Answer

A)  participants who walked in a park performed worse on an attention task than those who walked in a downtown area. 
B)  participants who walked in a park performed better on an attention task than those who walked in a downtown area. 
C)  participants who walked in a downtown area performed better on an attention task than those who walked in a park area. 
D)  there was no difference in ability to perform an attention task among those who walked in a park and those who walked in a downtown area. 
A)  participants who walked in a park performed worse on an attention task than those who walked in a downtown area. 
B)  participants who walked in a park performed better on an attention task than those who walked in a downtown area. 
C)  participants who walked in a downtown area performed better on an attention task than those who walked in a park area. 
D)  there was no difference in ability to perform an attention task among those who walked in a park and those who walked in a downtown area.

Question 5

Dr.Nixon noted the following results: $\chi$2(6,N= 422)= 10.72,p = .001,ᶲ = .20.Which of the following numbers represents the chi-square score in this results write-up?

Accepted Answer

A)  422 
B)  6 
C)  10.72 
D)  .20 
A)  422 
B)  6 
C)  10.72 
D)  .20

Question 6

The results of a one-way ANOVA suggest that the participants' fear response was differentially effected depending on their respective condition: spiders (M = 44;SD = 4.20),snakes (M = 62;SD = 7.1),and dogs (M = 21;SD = 2.20).There was a significant difference F (2,92)= .67,p = .03.Based on this information what was the standard deviation for the dog fear condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  7.1 
B)  4.20 
C)  2.20 
D)  .67 
A)  7.1 
B)  4.20 
C)  2.20 
D)  .67

Question 7

A 2008 study examining the experience of physical warmth on the promotion of interpersonal warmth found:

Accepted Answer

A)  there was no difference in gift choice between those who held a warm or cold therapeutic pad. 
B)  those who held a cold therapeutic pad were more likely to choose a gift for a friend rather than take one for themselves. 
C)  those who held a warm therapeutic pad were more likely to choose a gift for a friend rather than take one for themselves. 
D)  those who held a warm therapeutic pad were less likely to choose a gift for a friend and took a gift for themselves instead. 
A)  there was no difference in gift choice between those who held a warm or cold therapeutic pad. 
B)  those who held a cold therapeutic pad were more likely to choose a gift for a friend rather than take one for themselves. 
C)  those who held a warm therapeutic pad were more likely to choose a gift for a friend rather than take one for themselves. 
D)  those who held a warm therapeutic pad were less likely to choose a gift for a friend and took a gift for themselves instead.

Question 8

Dr.Wadsworth used census data to estimate the number of individuals who would meet criteria for participation in his study examining single-parent families receiving federal assistance with a mother currently seeking higher education and two-parent households receiving federal assistance with either parent currently seeking higher education.Dr.Wadsworth expects 54 males and 72 females in his single-parent family group and 32 males and 44 females in his two-parent family group.Dr.Wadsworth wants to make sure the distribution is not significant different among the groups.Dr.Wadsworth needs to conduct a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  one-way ANOVA. 
B)  chi-square test of independence. 
C)  independent samples t test. 
D)  multiple regression. 
A)  one-way ANOVA. 
B)  chi-square test of independence. 
C)  independent samples t test. 
D)  multiple regression.

Question 9

A general rule is that you should have approximately _____participants per condition to yield adequate power to make predictions based on results.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  15 
C)  25 
D)  30 
A)  10 
B)  15 
C)  25 
D)  30

Question 10

Dr.Reddick is lecturing on various statistical analyses in class.He notes the definition for post-hoc analyses as:

Accepted Answer

A)  statistical tests in which both variables are categorical and determine if the distribution of participants across categories is different than expected. 
B)  statistical tests that examine all of the possible combinations of conditions in a way that statistically accounts for the fact that we did not predict them ahead of time. 
C)  statistical tests that determine whether responses from the different conditions are essentially the same or whether the responses from at least one of the conditions differ from the others. 
D)  statistical tests that allow a priori decisions to test comparisons between groups predicted ahead of time. 
A)  statistical tests in which both variables are categorical and determine if the distribution of participants across categories is different than expected. 
B)  statistical tests that examine all of the possible combinations of conditions in a way that statistically accounts for the fact that we did not predict them ahead of time. 
C)  statistical tests that determine whether responses from the different conditions are essentially the same or whether the responses from at least one of the conditions differ from the others. 
D)  statistical tests that allow a priori decisions to test comparisons between groups predicted ahead of time.

Question 11

Ramona includes multiple distractor questions in the questionnaire she is developing about relationship satisfaction.These distractor questions are to help counteract:

Accepted Answer

A)  random error. 
B)  hypothesis guessing. 
C)  social desirability. 
D)  demand characteristics. 
A)  random error. 
B)  hypothesis guessing. 
C)  social desirability. 
D)  demand characteristics.

Question 12

Dr.Trudeau is in the process of a developing a(n)_____ to help standardize participants' experiences and assist researchers in systematically providing instructions to participants.

Accepted Answer

A)  adaptive clinical trial 
B)  clinical trial 
C)  protocol 
D)  condition 
A)  adaptive clinical trial 
B)  clinical trial 
C)  protocol 
D)  condition

Question 13

A 2010 study investigating whether darkness increases dishonesty and self-interested behavior while completing a math task found:

Accepted Answer

A)  participants in the dimly lit room exaggerated their success on the math task. 
B)  participants in the brightly lit room exaggerated their success on the math task. 
C)  participants in the dimly lit room performed worse than participants in the brightly lit room. 
D)  participants in the brightly lit room performed worse than participants in the dimly lit room. 
A)  participants in the dimly lit room exaggerated their success on the math task. 
B)  participants in the brightly lit room exaggerated their success on the math task. 
C)  participants in the dimly lit room performed worse than participants in the brightly lit room. 
D)  participants in the brightly lit room performed worse than participants in the dimly lit room.

Question 14

Dr.Pantoja conducted a chi-square test of independence between conditions to determine if the distribution among 175 participants was as expected.Dr.Pantoja was studying sleep cycles for various age groups with and without sleep apnea.Dr.Pantoja's results did not yield a significant result.Which of the following would be the most accurate results write-up for a chi-square test of independence?

Accepted Answer

A)  d(3,175)= 11.83,p = .01 
B)  $\chi$2(3,175)= 11.83,p = .55,ᶲ = .30 
C)  $\chi$2 (3,175)= 11.83,p = .01,eta2 = .22 
D)  F(3,200)= 11.83,p = .42,eta2 = .02 
A)  d(3,175)= 11.83,p = .01 
B)  $\chi$2(3,175)= 11.83,p = .55,ᶲ = .30 
C)  $\chi$2 (3,175)= 11.83,p = .01,eta2 = .22 
D)  F(3,200)= 11.83,p = .42,eta2 = .02

Question 15

Dr.Meek is interested in examining all possible combinations of conditions in his study examining obedience to authority for different generations.His initial analyses yielded significant results.Dr.Meek is interested in:

Accepted Answer

A)  planned contrasts. 
B)  post-hoc analyses. 
C)  independent samples t test. 
D)  paired samples t test. 
A)  planned contrasts. 
B)  post-hoc analyses. 
C)  independent samples t test. 
D)  paired samples t test.

Question 16

Carmina was developing a study for her introduction to research course and wanted to use a multigroup design.Based on her research question she needs to include a group in which participants believe they are getting some treatment,but in fact are not receiving any treatment.Carmina is considering using a:

Accepted Answer

A)  empty control group. 
B)  placebo group. 
C)  experimental group. 
D)  baseline group. 
A)  empty control group. 
B)  placebo group. 
C)  experimental group. 
D)  baseline group.

Question 17

Which of the following would be helpful in reducing the chance of hypothesis-guessing on a measure?

Accepted Answer

A)  include more items on the questionnaires (The longer the measure the less chance participants will guess the purpose of the study. ) 
B)  include less items on the questionnaire (The shorter the measure the less chance participants will guess the purpose of the study. ) 
C)  include distractor questions to help divert attention from the true purpose of the study 
D)  increase the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the measure 
A)  include more items on the questionnaires (The longer the measure the less chance participants will guess the purpose of the study. ) 
B)  include less items on the questionnaire (The shorter the measure the less chance participants will guess the purpose of the study. ) 
C)  include distractor questions to help divert attention from the true purpose of the study 
D)  increase the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the measure

Question 18

Dr.Herrin was lecturing to his students about random assignment and noted that random assignment is integral to reduce _____ before a study begins.

Accepted Answer

A)  power 
B)  random error 
C)  systematic error 
D)  regression to the mean 
A)  power 
B)  random error 
C)  systematic error 
D)  regression to the mean

Question 19

Dr.Moye is lecturing on various statistical analyses in class.He notes the definition for planned contrasts as:

Accepted Answer

A)  statistical tests in which both variables are categorical and determine if the distribution of participants across categories is different than expected. 
B)  statistical tests that examine all of the possible combinations of conditions in a way that statistically accounts for the fact that we did not predict them ahead of time. 
C)  statistical tests that determine whether responses from the different conditions are essentially the same or whether the responses from at least one of the conditions differ from the others. 
D)  statistical tests that allow a priori decisions to test comparisons between groups predicted ahead of time. 
A)  statistical tests in which both variables are categorical and determine if the distribution of participants across categories is different than expected. 
B)  statistical tests that examine all of the possible combinations of conditions in a way that statistically accounts for the fact that we did not predict them ahead of time. 
C)  statistical tests that determine whether responses from the different conditions are essentially the same or whether the responses from at least one of the conditions differ from the others. 
D)  statistical tests that allow a priori decisions to test comparisons between groups predicted ahead of time.

Question 20

To determine if food allergies influences participants' taste pallet,researchers conducted a chi-square test of independence between conditions .Based on this information what is the chi-square score for the overall study comparing all conditions for this study?

Accepted Answer

A)  .001 
B)  10.72 
C)  10.09 
D)  .30 
A)  .001 
B)  10.72 
C)  10.09 
D)  .30

Exam 9: B: Multi-Group Design: Im Feeling Hot, but Is the Earth Hot, Too

Dr.Lugo is lecturing on various statistical analyses in class.He notes the definition for a one-way analysis of variance as:

Warren randomly assigned 60 participants to describe a positive childhood memory,a negative childhood memory,or a neutral childhood memory and then complete a mood questionnaire.Warrens wants the overall differences between groups.Which statistic is appropriate to use?

In a 2008 study examining the cognitive benefits of interacting with nature researchers found:

Dr.Nixon noted the following results: χ\chiχ 2(6,N= 422)= 10.72,p = .001,ᶲ = .20.Which of the following numbers represents the chi-square score in this results write-up?

A 2008 study examining the experience of physical warmth on the promotion of interpersonal warmth found:

A general rule is that you should have approximately _____participants per condition to yield adequate power to make predictions based on results.

Dr.Reddick is lecturing on various statistical analyses in class.He notes the definition for post-hoc analyses as:

Ramona includes multiple distractor questions in the questionnaire she is developing about relationship satisfaction.These distractor questions are to help counteract:

Dr.Trudeau is in the process of a developing a(n)_____ to help standardize participants' experiences and assist researchers in systematically providing instructions to participants.

A 2010 study investigating whether darkness increases dishonesty and self-interested behavior while completing a math task found:

Dr.Meek is interested in examining all possible combinations of conditions in his study examining obedience to authority for different generations.His initial analyses yielded significant results.Dr.Meek is interested in:

Which of the following would be helpful in reducing the chance of hypothesis-guessing on a measure?

Dr.Herrin was lecturing to his students about random assignment and noted that random assignment is integral to reduce _____ before a study begins.

Dr.Moye is lecturing on various statistical analyses in class.He notes the definition for planned contrasts as:

To determine if food allergies influences participants' taste pallet,researchers conducted a chi-square test of independence between conditions .Based on this information what is the chi-square score for the overall study comparing all conditions for this study?

A: Psychology As Science: Thinking Like a Researcher

B: Psychology As Science: Thinking Like a Researcher

C: Psychology As Science: Thinking Like a Researcher

D: Psychology As Science: Thinking Like a Researcher

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Psychology As Science: Part 2

A: The Research Process: Ideas to Innovations

B: The Research Process: Ideas to Innovations

C: The Research Process: Ideas to Innovations

D: The Research Process: Ideas to Innovations

The Research Process: Part 1

The Research Process: Part 2

A: Ethics: Making Ethical Decisions in Research

B: Ethics: Making Ethical Decisions in Research

C: Ethics: Making Ethical Decisions in Research

D: Ethics: Making Ethical Decisions in Research

Ethics: Part 1

Ethics: Part 2

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B: The Psychologists Toolbox: Tools for Building Better Designs

C: The Psychologists Toolbox: Tools for Building Better Designs

D: The Psychologists Toolbox: Tools for Building Better Designs

The Psychologists: Part 1

The Psychologists: Part 2

A: Qualitative Research: Getting Into the Mind of a Serial Killer

B: Qualitative Research: Getting Into the Mind of a Serial Killer

C: Qualitative Research: Getting Into the Mind of a Serial Killer

D: Qualitative Research: Getting Into the Mind of a Serial Killer

Qualitative Research: Part 1

Qualitative Research: Part 2

A: Observational Research: The Many Forms of Discipline in Parents Bag of Tricks

B: Observational Research: The Many Forms of Discipline in Parents Bag of Tricks

C: Observational Research: The Many Forms of Discipline in Parents Bag of Tricks

D: Observational Research: The Many Forms of Discipline in Parents Bag of Tricks

Observational Research: Part 1

Observational Research: Part 2

A: Survey Design and Scale Construction: Is Going Greek a Great Idea

B: Survey Design and Scale Construction: Is Going Greek a Great Idea

C: Survey Design and Scale Construction: Is Going Greek a Great Idea

D: Survey Design and Scale Construction: Is Going Greek a Great Idea

Survey Design and Scale Construction: Part 1

Survey Design and Scale Construction: Part 2

A: Two-Group Design: Texting: I Cant Get You Out of My Mind

B: Two-Group Design: Texting: I Cant Get You Out of My Mind

C: Two-Group Design: Texting: I Cant Get You Out of My Mind

D: Two-Group Design: Texting: I Cant Get You Out of My Mind

Two-Group Design: Part 1

Two-Group Design: Part 2

A: Multi-Group Design: Im Feeling Hot, but Is the Earth Hot, Too

C: Multi-Group Design: Im Feeling Hot, but Is the Earth Hot, Too

D: Multi-Group Design: Im Feeling Hot, but Is the Earth Hot, Too

Multi-Group Design: Part 1

Multi-Group Design: Part 2

A: Within-Subjects Designs: Can Watching Reality Tv Shows Be Good for Us

B: Within-Subjects Designs: Can Watching Reality Tv Shows Be Good for Us

C: Within-Subjects Designs: Can Watching Reality Tv Shows Be Good for Us

D: Within-Subjects Designs: Can Watching Reality Tv Shows Be Good for Us

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Within-Subjects Designs: Part 2

A: Factorial Design: I Lost My Phone Number, Can I Borrow Yours Do Pickup Lines Really Work

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C: Factorial Design: I Lost My Phone Number, Can I Borrow Yours Do Pickup Lines Really Work

D: Factorial Design: I Lost My Phone Number, Can I Borrow Yours Do Pickup Lines Really Work

Factorial Design: Part 1

Dr.Nixon noted the following results: $\chi$ ²(6,N= 422)= 10.72,p = .001,ᶲ = .20.Which of the following numbers represents the chi-square score in this results write-up?