Question 1

Which of the following is an example of empirical research?

Accepted Answer

A)  determining whether Cupid causes people to fall in love 
B)  measuring how quickly the Sandman causes children to fall asleep 
C)  investigating whether the Easter Bunny is more likely to leave pink or blue eggs 
D)  assessing whether water consumption leads to clearer skin 
A)  determining whether Cupid causes people to fall in love 
B)  measuring how quickly the Sandman causes children to fall asleep 
C)  investigating whether the Easter Bunny is more likely to leave pink or blue eggs 
D)  assessing whether water consumption leads to clearer skin D

Question 2

Ursula just finished a Facebook quiz that revealed which celebrity her personality most closely resembled.After taking the quiz she was impressed with how accurate and insightful her results were.Given the unscientific nature of most online quizzes,her feelings are probably the result of:

Accepted Answer

A)  the Barnum effect. 
B)  the Bailey effect. 
C)  Occam's razor. 
D)  scientific law. 
A)  the Barnum effect. 
B)  the Bailey effect. 
C)  Occam's razor. 
D)  scientific law. A

Question 3

The definition of a variable in theoretical terms as it relates to the study is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  script. 
B)  constant. 
C)  conceptual definition. 
D)  operational definition. 
A)  script. 
B)  constant. 
C)  conceptual definition. 
D)  operational definition. C

Question 4

Informed consent is:

Accepted Answer

A)  a detailed series of steps that lets the researcher know the order in which to administer the study. 
B)  the explanation of the purpose of the study and disclosure of any deception used. 
C)  an explanation of the risks and benefits of participating in the study. 
D)  a list of participants' identification numbers that includes group assignment and any notes regarding participants' experiences. 
A)  a detailed series of steps that lets the researcher know the order in which to administer the study. 
B)  the explanation of the purpose of the study and disclosure of any deception used. 
C)  an explanation of the risks and benefits of participating in the study. 
D)  a list of participants' identification numbers that includes group assignment and any notes regarding participants' experiences.

Question 5

May believes that wearing perfume makes women feel more attractive.In order to investigate this,she assigns 25 women to wear perfume and 25 women not to wear perfume.At the end of the study period,she has participants self-report their level of attractiveness.What type of study design is May using?

Accepted Answer

A)  within-subjects 
B)  between subjects 
C)  longitudinal 
D)  nonexperimental 
A)  within-subjects 
B)  between subjects 
C)  longitudinal 
D)  nonexperimental

Question 6

An element that the experimenter expects to change is known as a:

Accepted Answer

A)  variable. 
B)  constant. 
C)  conceptual definition. 
D)  operational definition. 
A)  variable. 
B)  constant. 
C)  conceptual definition. 
D)  operational definition.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  being specific 
B)  being grounded in previous research 
C)  being elaborate 
D)  being falsifiable 
A)  being specific 
B)  being grounded in previous research 
C)  being elaborate 
D)  being falsifiable

Question 8

The researcher _____ the _____ variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  varies;dependent 
B)  varies;independent 
C)  holds constant;dependent 
D)  holds constant;independent 
A)  varies;dependent 
B)  varies;independent 
C)  holds constant;dependent 
D)  holds constant;independent

Question 9

A(n)_____ is a statement based on repeated experimental observation that describes some aspect of the world.

Accepted Answer

A)  observational definition 
B)  hypothesis 
C)  scientific law 
D)  conceptual definition 
A)  observational definition 
B)  hypothesis 
C)  scientific law 
D)  conceptual definition

Question 10

Esmerelda is trying to explain to her mother how research articles published in academic journals differ from books.Which of the following summarizes a primary difference between the two?

Accepted Answer

A)  Books are objective. 
B)  Books are peer-reviewed. 
C)  Research articles are subjective. 
D)  Research articles are peer-reviewed. 
A)  Books are objective. 
B)  Books are peer-reviewed. 
C)  Research articles are subjective. 
D)  Research articles are peer-reviewed.

Question 11

Bethany is a developmental psychologist who believes that eating dinner together as a family each night is related to increased academic performance in school.To assess this,she measures how often her participants have a family dinner and their overall grade at the end of the academic year.In Bethany's study,_____ is the independent variable,whereas _____ is the dependent variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  number of family dinners;academic performance 
B)  number of children in a family;academic performance 
C)  academic performance;number of family dinners 
D)  academic performance;number of children in a family 
A)  number of family dinners;academic performance 
B)  number of children in a family;academic performance 
C)  academic performance;number of family dinners 
D)  academic performance;number of children in a family

Question 12

For which of the following would a researcher need to use a nonexperimental design?

Accepted Answer

A)  to measure the impact of studying on academic performance 
B)  to assess the impact of beta-carotene on eyesight 
C)  to examine the effect of Tylenol on headache duration 
D)  to study the consequences of losing a loved one 
A)  to measure the impact of studying on academic performance 
B)  to assess the impact of beta-carotene on eyesight 
C)  to examine the effect of Tylenol on headache duration 
D)  to study the consequences of losing a loved one

Question 13

Articles that successfully complete the peer-review process are those that:

Accepted Answer

A)  ask sound questions,use suitable methods,and then draw bias conclusions. 
B)  ask sound questions,use suitable methods,and then draw appropriate conclusions. 
C)  ask subjective questions,use suitable methods,and then draw bias conclusions. 
D)  ask subjective questions,use suitable methods,and then draw appropriate conclusions. 
A)  ask sound questions,use suitable methods,and then draw bias conclusions. 
B)  ask sound questions,use suitable methods,and then draw appropriate conclusions. 
C)  ask subjective questions,use suitable methods,and then draw bias conclusions. 
D)  ask subjective questions,use suitable methods,and then draw appropriate conclusions.

Question 14

PsycINFO is a:

Accepted Answer

A)  website that publishes educational blogs. 
B)  pop culture website referencing psychological findings. 
C)  database housing peer-reviewed journal articles. 
D)  book of the standard criteria for the classification of mental disorders. 
A)  website that publishes educational blogs. 
B)  pop culture website referencing psychological findings. 
C)  database housing peer-reviewed journal articles. 
D)  book of the standard criteria for the classification of mental disorders.

Question 15

The predictor variable is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  variable that the experimenter manipulates. 
B)  variable that an experimenter measures. 
C)  outcome variable in a nonexperimental design. 
D)  potential causal variable in a nonexperimental design. 
A)  variable that the experimenter manipulates. 
B)  variable that an experimenter measures. 
C)  outcome variable in a nonexperimental design. 
D)  potential causal variable in a nonexperimental design.

Question 16

Empirical research relies on:

Accepted Answer

A)  systematic observation. 
B)  intuition. 
C)  anecdotal evidence. 
D)  introspection. 
A)  systematic observation. 
B)  intuition. 
C)  anecdotal evidence. 
D)  introspection.

Question 17

Between-subjects is to once as:

Accepted Answer

A)  within-subjects is to none. 
B)  within-subjects is to multiple. 
C)  longitudinal is to one. 
D)  longitudinal is to none. 
A)  within-subjects is to none. 
B)  within-subjects is to multiple. 
C)  longitudinal is to one. 
D)  longitudinal is to none.

Question 18

A benefit of peer-reviewed journal articles is that they are _____,whereas a disadvantage is that they are _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  readily accessible to mainstream audiences;not empirically sound 
B)  readily accessible to mainstream audiences;empirically sound 
C)  empirically sound;readily accessible to mainstream audiences 
D)  empirically sound;not readily accessible to mainstream audiences 
A)  readily accessible to mainstream audiences;not empirically sound 
B)  readily accessible to mainstream audiences;empirically sound 
C)  empirically sound;readily accessible to mainstream audiences 
D)  empirically sound;not readily accessible to mainstream audiences

Question 19

In an experiment the researcher is examining:

Accepted Answer

A)  cause and effect. 
B)  naturally occurring relationships. 
C)  a person's thoughts and beliefs. 
D)  the predictor variable. 
A)  cause and effect. 
B)  naturally occurring relationships. 
C)  a person's thoughts and beliefs. 
D)  the predictor variable.

Question 20

_____ is a part of the standard ethical procedures at the end of a research study that contains an explanation of the purpose of the study and disclosure of deception.

Accepted Answer

A)  The research protocol 
B)  Debriefing 
C)  Informed consent 
D)  Random assignment 
A)  The research protocol 
B)  Debriefing 
C)  Informed consent 
D)  Random assignment

Exam 2: The Research Process: Part 1

Which of the following is an example of empirical research?

Ursula just finished a Facebook quiz that revealed which celebrity her personality most closely resembled.After taking the quiz she was impressed with how accurate and insightful her results were.Given the unscientific nature of most online quizzes,her feelings are probably the result of:

The definition of a variable in theoretical terms as it relates to the study is the:

Informed consent is:

May believes that wearing perfume makes women feel more attractive.In order to investigate this,she assigns 25 women to wear perfume and 25 women not to wear perfume.At the end of the study period,she has participants self-report their level of attractiveness.What type of study design is May using?

An element that the experimenter expects to change is known as a:

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good hypothesis?

The researcher _____ the _____ variable.

A(n)_____ is a statement based on repeated experimental observation that describes some aspect of the world.

Esmerelda is trying to explain to her mother how research articles published in academic journals differ from books.Which of the following summarizes a primary difference between the two?

For which of the following would a researcher need to use a nonexperimental design?

Articles that successfully complete the peer-review process are those that:

PsycINFO is a:

The predictor variable is the:

Empirical research relies on:

Between-subjects is to once as:

A benefit of peer-reviewed journal articles is that they are _____,whereas a disadvantage is that they are _____.

In an experiment the researcher is examining:

_____ is a part of the standard ethical procedures at the end of a research study that contains an explanation of the purpose of the study and disclosure of deception.

A: Psychology As Science: Thinking Like a Researcher

B: Psychology As Science: Thinking Like a Researcher

C: Psychology As Science: Thinking Like a Researcher

D: Psychology As Science: Thinking Like a Researcher

Psychology As Science: Part 1

Psychology As Science: Part 2

A: The Research Process: Ideas to Innovations

B: The Research Process: Ideas to Innovations

C: The Research Process: Ideas to Innovations

D: The Research Process: Ideas to Innovations

The Research Process: Part 2

A: Ethics: Making Ethical Decisions in Research

B: Ethics: Making Ethical Decisions in Research

C: Ethics: Making Ethical Decisions in Research

D: Ethics: Making Ethical Decisions in Research

Ethics: Part 1

Ethics: Part 2

A: The Psychologists Toolbox: Tools for Building Better Designs

B: The Psychologists Toolbox: Tools for Building Better Designs

C: The Psychologists Toolbox: Tools for Building Better Designs

D: The Psychologists Toolbox: Tools for Building Better Designs

The Psychologists: Part 1

The Psychologists: Part 2

A: Qualitative Research: Getting Into the Mind of a Serial Killer

B: Qualitative Research: Getting Into the Mind of a Serial Killer

C: Qualitative Research: Getting Into the Mind of a Serial Killer

D: Qualitative Research: Getting Into the Mind of a Serial Killer

Qualitative Research: Part 1

Qualitative Research: Part 2

A: Observational Research: The Many Forms of Discipline in Parents Bag of Tricks

B: Observational Research: The Many Forms of Discipline in Parents Bag of Tricks

C: Observational Research: The Many Forms of Discipline in Parents Bag of Tricks

D: Observational Research: The Many Forms of Discipline in Parents Bag of Tricks

Observational Research: Part 1

Observational Research: Part 2

A: Survey Design and Scale Construction: Is Going Greek a Great Idea

B: Survey Design and Scale Construction: Is Going Greek a Great Idea

C: Survey Design and Scale Construction: Is Going Greek a Great Idea

D: Survey Design and Scale Construction: Is Going Greek a Great Idea

Survey Design and Scale Construction: Part 1

Survey Design and Scale Construction: Part 2

A: Two-Group Design: Texting: I Cant Get You Out of My Mind

B: Two-Group Design: Texting: I Cant Get You Out of My Mind

C: Two-Group Design: Texting: I Cant Get You Out of My Mind

D: Two-Group Design: Texting: I Cant Get You Out of My Mind

Two-Group Design: Part 1

Two-Group Design: Part 2

A: Multi-Group Design: Im Feeling Hot, but Is the Earth Hot, Too

B: Multi-Group Design: Im Feeling Hot, but Is the Earth Hot, Too

C: Multi-Group Design: Im Feeling Hot, but Is the Earth Hot, Too

D: Multi-Group Design: Im Feeling Hot, but Is the Earth Hot, Too

Multi-Group Design: Part 1

Multi-Group Design: Part 2

A: Within-Subjects Designs: Can Watching Reality Tv Shows Be Good for Us

B: Within-Subjects Designs: Can Watching Reality Tv Shows Be Good for Us

C: Within-Subjects Designs: Can Watching Reality Tv Shows Be Good for Us

D: Within-Subjects Designs: Can Watching Reality Tv Shows Be Good for Us

Within-Subjects Designs: Part 1

Within-Subjects Designs: Part 2

A: Factorial Design: I Lost My Phone Number, Can I Borrow Yours Do Pickup Lines Really Work

The researcher _ the _ variable.

A benefit of peer-reviewed journal articles is that they are _,whereas a disadvantage is that they are _.