Question 1

Which statement about insect respiration is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spiracles are the internal air tubes that carry the respiratory gases. 
B)  Because O2 diffuses more quickly in air than in water,the insect respiratory system is highly efficient. 
C)  Tracheae have such extensive branching that they come close to every cell. 
D)  Air sacs found in many insects can be used to ventilate the tracheae. 
E)  Tracheae are lined with chitin. 
A)  Spiracles are the internal air tubes that carry the respiratory gases. 
B)  Because O2 diffuses more quickly in air than in water,the insect respiratory system is highly efficient. 
C)  Tracheae have such extensive branching that they come close to every cell. 
D)  Air sacs found in many insects can be used to ventilate the tracheae. 
E)  Tracheae are lined with chitin. A

Question 2

The gas exchange membranes of an animal consist of one to two layers of

Accepted Answer

A)  adipose tissue. 
B)  epithelial tissue. 
C)  nervous tissue. 
D)  muscle. 
E)  connective tissue. 
A)  adipose tissue. 
B)  epithelial tissue. 
C)  nervous tissue. 
D)  muscle. 
E)  connective tissue. B

Question 3

If the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood is higher than the partial pressure of oxygen in the body's tissues,

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen will diffuse out of the tissues into the blood. 
B)  oxygen will diffuse into the tissues from the blood. 
C)  carbon dioxide will diffuse into the tissues from the blood. 
D)  there will be no diffusion of gases between the tissues and the blood. 
E)  oxygen will be pumped from the blood into the tissues via active transport. 
A)  oxygen will diffuse out of the tissues into the blood. 
B)  oxygen will diffuse into the tissues from the blood. 
C)  carbon dioxide will diffuse into the tissues from the blood. 
D)  there will be no diffusion of gases between the tissues and the blood. 
E)  oxygen will be pumped from the blood into the tissues via active transport. B

Question 4

Many tiny _______ are believed to breathe by diffusion rather than ventilation.

Accepted Answer

A)  amphibians 
B)  birds 
C)  fish 
D)  mammals 
E)  insects 
A)  amphibians 
B)  birds 
C)  fish 
D)  mammals 
E)  insects

Question 5

Suppose the partial pressure of oxygen is measured in a region of your body.The readings indicate that the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood is 40 mm Hg and the partial pressure of oxygen in the surrounding tissue is 100 mm Hg.The region where these readings were taken is most likely in your

Accepted Answer

A)  liver. 
B)  skeletal muscle. 
C)  heart. 
D)  lungs. 
E)  kidneys. 
A)  liver. 
B)  skeletal muscle. 
C)  heart. 
D)  lungs. 
E)  kidneys.

Question 6

If the thoracic wall is punctured,air leaking in will cause the lung to collapse.Thus one can conclude that in the normal intact thoracic cavity,

Accepted Answer

A)  lung expansion is passive. 
B)  air pressure is the same as it is on the outside. 
C)  air pressure is lower than it is on the outside,which helps keep the lungs inflated. 
D)  breathing movements keep the lungs inflated. 
E)  Both a and b 
A)  lung expansion is passive. 
B)  air pressure is the same as it is on the outside. 
C)  air pressure is lower than it is on the outside,which helps keep the lungs inflated. 
D)  breathing movements keep the lungs inflated. 
E)  Both a and b

Question 7

As water exits the gill cavity of fish,

Accepted Answer

A)  the partial pressure of oxygen is higher than when it entered. 
B)  the partial pressure of oxygen is lower than when it entered. 
C)  the partial pressure of carbon dioxide is lower than when it entered. 
D)  it is colder than when it entered. 
E)  it is completely depleted of oxygen. 
A)  the partial pressure of oxygen is higher than when it entered. 
B)  the partial pressure of oxygen is lower than when it entered. 
C)  the partial pressure of carbon dioxide is lower than when it entered. 
D)  it is colder than when it entered. 
E)  it is completely depleted of oxygen.

Question 8

Which statement about gills is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The respiratory membrane has a large surface area. 
B)  They are found in aquatic organisms. 
C)  They are folded outward from the body. 
D)  They are surrounded by the environmental medium. 
E)  They contain the environmental medium. 
A)  The respiratory membrane has a large surface area. 
B)  They are found in aquatic organisms. 
C)  They are folded outward from the body. 
D)  They are surrounded by the environmental medium. 
E)  They contain the environmental medium.

Question 9

Which statement about the air sacs of birds is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They connect to airways in the lungs. 
B)  They are structured as anterior and posterior pairs. 
C)  They make the bird's respiratory system more efficient than a mammal's. 
D)  They allow for one-way airflow through the lungs. 
E)  They provide an extra gas exchange surface. 
A)  They connect to airways in the lungs. 
B)  They are structured as anterior and posterior pairs. 
C)  They make the bird's respiratory system more efficient than a mammal's. 
D)  They allow for one-way airflow through the lungs. 
E)  They provide an extra gas exchange surface.

Question 10

In mammals,centers in the brain that generate signals that control the rhythm of breathing are known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  diaphragms. 
B)  pre-Bötzinger complexes. 
C)  carotid bodies. 
D)  aortic bodies. 
E)  hypoglossal nuclei. 
A)  diaphragms. 
B)  pre-Bötzinger complexes. 
C)  carotid bodies. 
D)  aortic bodies. 
E)  hypoglossal nuclei.

Question 11

Which statement about human breathing is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It involves countercurrent gas exchange. 
B)  With maximum inhalation,a person can breathe in as much air as the lungs can hold. 
C)  A residual volume of air remains in the lungs even with maximum exhalation. 
D)  There is a long diffusion path between the blood and the air (greater than 0.5 mm). 
E)  The partial pressure of O2 within the alveoli is the same as that of the external air. 
A)  It involves countercurrent gas exchange. 
B)  With maximum inhalation,a person can breathe in as much air as the lungs can hold. 
C)  A residual volume of air remains in the lungs even with maximum exhalation. 
D)  There is a long diffusion path between the blood and the air (greater than 0.5 mm). 
E)  The partial pressure of O2 within the alveoli is the same as that of the external air.

Question 12

Which is not an important factor in the control of ventilation rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Small changes in blood O2 partial pressure 
B)  Small changes in blood CO2 partial pressure 
C)  Blood pH 
D)  The medulla oblongata 
E)  Receptors detecting motion in muscle and joints 
A)  Small changes in blood O2 partial pressure 
B)  Small changes in blood CO2 partial pressure 
C)  Blood pH 
D)  The medulla oblongata 
E)  Receptors detecting motion in muscle and joints

Question 13

The partial pressure of oxygen in a pond is lower than the partial pressure of oxygen in the air above the pond.The concentration of oxygen in the pond is higher than in the air.Under these conditions,

Accepted Answer

A)  the oxygen will move into the pond. 
B)  the oxygen will move out of the pond. 
C)  there will be no movement of oxygen. 
D)  the oxygen will move concurrently with carbon dioxide. 
E)  the oxygen will move into the trees surrounding the pond. 
A)  the oxygen will move into the pond. 
B)  the oxygen will move out of the pond. 
C)  there will be no movement of oxygen. 
D)  the oxygen will move concurrently with carbon dioxide. 
E)  the oxygen will move into the trees surrounding the pond.

Question 14

The delicate gills of fishes are supported by _______ and _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  opercular flaps;gill arches 
B)  opercular flaps;gill filaments 
C)  gill filaments;gill arches 
D)  opercular flaps;a diaphragm 
E)  gill arches;a diaphragm 
A)  opercular flaps;gill arches 
B)  opercular flaps;gill filaments 
C)  gill filaments;gill arches 
D)  opercular flaps;a diaphragm 
E)  gill arches;a diaphragm

Question 15

Oxygen is exchanged between the body fluids of an animal and its environment by

Accepted Answer

A)  osmosis. 
B)  active transport. 
C)  diffusion. 
D)  facilitated transport. 
E)  pinocytosis. 
A)  osmosis. 
B)  active transport. 
C)  diffusion. 
D)  facilitated transport. 
E)  pinocytosis.

Question 16

The table below shows data on oxygen concentration in water and the use of oxygen by fish at different water temperatures.What is one conclusion that can be drawn from these data?

Accepted Answer

A)  The solubility of oxygen in water increases as the temperature of the water increases. 
B)  An inactive fish uses less oxygen during respiration when its body temperature is warmer. 
C)  An active fish uses less oxygen than an inactive fish at higher water temperatures. 
D)  Both active and inactive fish use oxygen at higher rates in warm water than they do in cold water. 
E)  As water temperatures drop the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water decreases. 
A)  The solubility of oxygen in water increases as the temperature of the water increases. 
B)  An inactive fish uses less oxygen during respiration when its body temperature is warmer. 
C)  An active fish uses less oxygen than an inactive fish at higher water temperatures. 
D)  Both active and inactive fish use oxygen at higher rates in warm water than they do in cold water. 
E)  As water temperatures drop the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water decreases.

Question 17

Oxygen can be exchanged more easily in air than in water because

Accepted Answer

A)  more energy is required to move air than water. 
B)  oxygen diffuses more rapidly in water than in air. 
C)  the oxygen content of air is higher than that of water. 
D)  air temperature is usually higher than water temperature. 
E)  Both a and b 
A)  more energy is required to move air than water. 
B)  oxygen diffuses more rapidly in water than in air. 
C)  the oxygen content of air is higher than that of water. 
D)  air temperature is usually higher than water temperature. 
E)  Both a and b

Question 18

The rate at which a gas diffuses between two locations is _______ the distance between those locations.

Accepted Answer

A)  unrelated to 
B)  positively related to 
C)  the square root of 
D)  inversely related to 
E)  None of the above 
A)  unrelated to 
B)  positively related to 
C)  the square root of 
D)  inversely related to 
E)  None of the above

Question 19

Breathing provides the body with the oxygen required to support the energy metabolism of all cells and also eliminates _______,one of the waste products of cell metabolism.

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon dioxide 
B)  carbon monoxide 
C)  carbon tetrachloride 
D)  calcium carbonate 
E)  carbonic acid 
A)  carbon dioxide 
B)  carbon monoxide 
C)  carbon tetrachloride 
D)  calcium carbonate 
E)  carbonic acid

Question 20

Gas exchange in animals always involves

Accepted Answer

A)  lungs. 
B)  breathing movements. 
C)  neural control. 
D)  diffusion between internal body fluids and the outside medium. 
E)  active transport of gases. 
A)  lungs. 
B)  breathing movements. 
C)  neural control. 
D)  diffusion between internal body fluids and the outside medium. 
E)  active transport of gases.

Exam 31: Breathing

Which statement about insect respiration is false?

The gas exchange membranes of an animal consist of one to two layers of

If the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood is higher than the partial pressure of oxygen in the body's tissues,

Many tiny _______ are believed to breathe by diffusion rather than ventilation.

Suppose the partial pressure of oxygen is measured in a region of your body.The readings indicate that the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood is 40 mm Hg and the partial pressure of oxygen in the surrounding tissue is 100 mm Hg.The region where these readings were taken is most likely in your

If the thoracic wall is punctured,air leaking in will cause the lung to collapse.Thus one can conclude that in the normal intact thoracic cavity,

As water exits the gill cavity of fish,

Which statement about gills is false?

Which statement about the air sacs of birds is false?

In mammals,centers in the brain that generate signals that control the rhythm of breathing are known as the

Which statement about human breathing is true?

Which is not an important factor in the control of ventilation rate?

The partial pressure of oxygen in a pond is lower than the partial pressure of oxygen in the air above the pond.The concentration of oxygen in the pond is higher than in the air.Under these conditions,

The delicate gills of fishes are supported by _______ and _______.

Oxygen is exchanged between the body fluids of an animal and its environment by

The table below shows data on oxygen concentration in water and the use of oxygen by fish at different water temperatures.What is one conclusion that can be drawn from these data?

Oxygen can be exchanged more easily in air than in water because

The rate at which a gas diffuses between two locations is _______ the distance between those locations.

Breathing provides the body with the oxygen required to support the energy metabolism of all cells and also eliminates _______,one of the waste products of cell metabolism.

Gas exchange in animals always involves

Introduction

The Chemistry and Energy of Life

Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Pathways That Harvest and Store Chemical Energy

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

DNA and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Biotechnology

Genes, Development, and Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Evolution of Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and Diversity

The Plant Body

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Growth and Development

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plants in the Environment

Fundamentals of Animal Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation

Muscle and Movement

Neurons, Sense Organs, and Nervous Systems

Nervous and Endocrine Control

Water and Salts: Excretion

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Behavior

The Distribution of Earths Ecological Systems

Populations

Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Interactions Within and Among Species

Ecological Communities

The Global Ecosystem

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The delicate gills of fishes are supported by _ and _.