Question 1

One difference between the protostomes and deuterostomes is that only the deuterostomes evolved

Accepted Answer

A)  structures for filtering food from water. 
B)  wormlike burrowing forms. 
C)  adaptations needed for invasion of the land. 
D)  large terrestrial species. 
E)  jointed appendages for improved locomotion. 
A)  structures for filtering food from water. 
B)  wormlike burrowing forms. 
C)  adaptations needed for invasion of the land. 
D)  large terrestrial species. 
E)  jointed appendages for improved locomotion. D

Question 2

Placozoans,ctenophorans,and cnidarians are all considered _______,since they have inner and outer cell layers.

Accepted Answer

diploblastic

Question 3

The pharyngeal gill slits of chordate ancestors functioned as sites for

Accepted Answer

A)  uptake of oxygen only. 
B)  both uptake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide. 
C)  release of carbon dioxide only. 
D)  removal of small prey from the water. 
E)  forcible expulsion of water to move the animal. 
A)  uptake of oxygen only. 
B)  both uptake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide. 
C)  release of carbon dioxide only. 
D)  removal of small prey from the water. 
E)  forcible expulsion of water to move the animal. B

Question 4

A few species of frogs and salamanders are _______,which means they give birth to well-developed young.

Accepted Answer

A)  oviparous 
B)  viviparous 
C)  paedomorphic 
D)  isoparous 
E)  vivimorphic 
A)  oviparous 
B)  viviparous 
C)  paedomorphic 
D)  isoparous 
E)  vivimorphic

Question 5

You observe an animal swimming in salt water by using a periodic jet of water.It has tentacles and an external shell.It is most likely a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  brachiopod. 
B)  nematode. 
C)  gastropod. 
D)  annelid. 
E)  cephalopod. 
A)  brachiopod. 
B)  nematode. 
C)  gastropod. 
D)  annelid. 
E)  cephalopod.

Question 6

Which characteristic is not a feature of the ctenophores?

Accepted Answer

A)  Locomotion using beating cilia 
B)  Early divergence from most other animals 
C)  Presence of mesoglea 
D)  Presence of a notochord 
E)  Diploblastic development 
A)  Locomotion using beating cilia 
B)  Early divergence from most other animals 
C)  Presence of mesoglea 
D)  Presence of a notochord 
E)  Diploblastic development

Question 7

The diversification of insects about 450 million years ago corresponded with

Accepted Answer

A)  the appearance of the first land plants. 
B)  the evolution of cartilaginous fish. 
C)  the extinction of the dinosaurs. 
D)  changes in the CO2 concentration of the atmosphere. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  the appearance of the first land plants. 
B)  the evolution of cartilaginous fish. 
C)  the extinction of the dinosaurs. 
D)  changes in the CO2 concentration of the atmosphere. 
E)  None of the above

Question 8

The various changes that marked the transition from the australopithecines to Homo habilis did not include

Accepted Answer

A)  an increase in brain size. 
B)  a change in diet. 
C)  an increase in body size. 
D)  the use of tools. 
E)  the dispersal of populations to Europe and Asia. 
A)  an increase in brain size. 
B)  a change in diet. 
C)  an increase in body size. 
D)  the use of tools. 
E)  the dispersal of populations to Europe and Asia.

Question 9

Which statement about the Old World monkeys is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have a prehensile tail. 
B)  They include arboreal species. 
C)  They include the lemurs. 
D)  They are very solitary creatures. 
E)  They are found only in Africa. 
A)  They have a prehensile tail. 
B)  They include arboreal species. 
C)  They include the lemurs. 
D)  They are very solitary creatures. 
E)  They are found only in Africa.

Question 10

Which group of living eutherian mammals has the most species?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rodentia (gnawing mammals) 
B)  Lagomorpha (rabbits and kin) 
C)  Pilosa (anteaters,sloths) 
D)  Carnivora (carnivores) 
E)  Cetartiodactyla (even-hoofed animals and cetaceans) 
A)  Rodentia (gnawing mammals) 
B)  Lagomorpha (rabbits and kin) 
C)  Pilosa (anteaters,sloths) 
D)  Carnivora (carnivores) 
E)  Cetartiodactyla (even-hoofed animals and cetaceans)

Question 11

Living deuterostomes comprise three clades: the echinoderms,the chordates,and the

Accepted Answer

A)  urochordates. 
B)  cephalochordates. 
C)  hemichordates. 
D)  vertebrates. 
E)  tetrapods. 
A)  urochordates. 
B)  cephalochordates. 
C)  hemichordates. 
D)  vertebrates. 
E)  tetrapods.

Question 12

The oldest fossil remains of members of our genus,Homo,suggest that early relatives of humans lived

Accepted Answer

A)  near China,where food is plentiful throughout the year. 
B)  near Siberia,in an area where they were protected from predation. 
C)  in the midwestern United States,where there is some of the most fertile soil in the world. 
D)  in the American tropics,where there are long growing seasons and many species of fruits and berries. 
E)  in dry African savannas,where they ate roots,bulbs,tubers,and animals. 
A)  near China,where food is plentiful throughout the year. 
B)  near Siberia,in an area where they were protected from predation. 
C)  in the midwestern United States,where there is some of the most fertile soil in the world. 
D)  in the American tropics,where there are long growing seasons and many species of fruits and berries. 
E)  in dry African savannas,where they ate roots,bulbs,tubers,and animals.

Question 13

The organisms that make up the sister group of all bilaterally symmetrical animals (protostomes and deuterostomes)are the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The organisms that make up the sister...

Question 14

Which characteristic helps distinguishes deuterostomes from protostomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ectodermal appendages 
B)  Ability to form a blastopore 
C)  Embryological origin of the mouth 
D)  Mesodermal migration 
E)  Nervous system pigmentation 
A)  Ectodermal appendages 
B)  Ability to form a blastopore 
C)  Embryological origin of the mouth 
D)  Mesodermal migration 
E)  Nervous system pigmentation

Question 15

Which statement about bryozoans is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are noncolonial. 
B)  They are wormlike in structure. 
C)  They are mainly marine. 
D)  They have lost the trochophore. 
E)  Individual colony members fuse to produce a large,common lophophore. 
A)  They are noncolonial. 
B)  They are wormlike in structure. 
C)  They are mainly marine. 
D)  They have lost the trochophore. 
E)  Individual colony members fuse to produce a large,common lophophore.

Question 16

Some cephalopods have modified their excurrent siphon and mantle to allow them to

Accepted Answer

A)  ingest large prey. 
B)  alter their buoyancy. 
C)  move rapidly through the water. 
D)  attach to a substrate. 
E)  become parasitic. 
A)  ingest large prey. 
B)  alter their buoyancy. 
C)  move rapidly through the water. 
D)  attach to a substrate. 
E)  become parasitic.

Question 17

The large and remarkable pogonophoran annelids live near deep-ocean hydrothermal vents where food items are scarce.These organisms,like those of many other species,are able to obtain enough nutrition by

Accepted Answer

A)  conducting photosynthesis. 
B)  harboring endosymbiotic bacteria that fix carbon by oxidizing hydrogen sulfide and methane. 
C)  fixing carbon from the minerals found in the ocean's muddy floor. 
D)  filtering algae out of ocean water. 
E)  feeding on dead fish that sink to the ocean floor. 
A)  conducting photosynthesis. 
B)  harboring endosymbiotic bacteria that fix carbon by oxidizing hydrogen sulfide and methane. 
C)  fixing carbon from the minerals found in the ocean's muddy floor. 
D)  filtering algae out of ocean water. 
E)  feeding on dead fish that sink to the ocean floor.

Question 18

If you were given a box containing a whip scorpion,a centipede,and a crab,what phylum name should be printed on the outside of the box?

Accepted Answer

A)  Crustaceans 
B)  Annelids 
C)  Arthropods 
D)  Onychoporans 
E)  Tardigrades 
A)  Crustaceans 
B)  Annelids 
C)  Arthropods 
D)  Onychoporans 
E)  Tardigrades

Question 19

The most extensive ramification of segmentation in animals,from an evolutionarily perspective,is that it

Accepted Answer

A)  allows organisms to grow much larger than would be possible without segmentation. 
B)  has allowed organisms to alter their body forms in complex ways. 
C)  increases the mobility of an organism. 
D)  reduces the surface area-to-volume ratio. 
E)  allows body parts to be eaten by predators without killing the organism. 
A)  allows organisms to grow much larger than would be possible without segmentation. 
B)  has allowed organisms to alter their body forms in complex ways. 
C)  increases the mobility of an organism. 
D)  reduces the surface area-to-volume ratio. 
E)  allows body parts to be eaten by predators without killing the organism.

Question 20

Which statement about coelacanths is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are chondrichthyans. 
B)  Latimeria chalumnae is an extinct species. 
C)  They have lungs,but no gills. 
D)  The bones in their pectoral and pelvic limbs are unjointed. 
E)  The lineage is the sister group of the lungfishes and tetrapods. 
A)  They are chondrichthyans. 
B)  Latimeria chalumnae is an extinct species. 
C)  They have lungs,but no gills. 
D)  The bones in their pectoral and pelvic limbs are unjointed. 
E)  The lineage is the sister group of the lungfishes and tetrapods.

Exam 23: Animal Origins and Diversity

One difference between the protostomes and deuterostomes is that only the deuterostomes evolved

Placozoans,ctenophorans,and cnidarians are all considered _______,since they have inner and outer cell layers.

The pharyngeal gill slits of chordate ancestors functioned as sites for

A few species of frogs and salamanders are _______,which means they give birth to well-developed young.

You observe an animal swimming in salt water by using a periodic jet of water.It has tentacles and an external shell.It is most likely a(n)

Which characteristic is not a feature of the ctenophores?

The diversification of insects about 450 million years ago corresponded with

The various changes that marked the transition from the australopithecines to Homo habilis did not include

Which statement about the Old World monkeys is true?

Which group of living eutherian mammals has the most species?

Living deuterostomes comprise three clades: the echinoderms,the chordates,and the

The oldest fossil remains of members of our genus,Homo,suggest that early relatives of humans lived

The organisms that make up the sister group of all bilaterally symmetrical animals (protostomes and deuterostomes)are the _______.

Which characteristic helps distinguishes deuterostomes from protostomes?

Which statement about bryozoans is true?

Some cephalopods have modified their excurrent siphon and mantle to allow them to

The large and remarkable pogonophoran annelids live near deep-ocean hydrothermal vents where food items are scarce.These organisms,like those of many other species,are able to obtain enough nutrition by

If you were given a box containing a whip scorpion,a centipede,and a crab,what phylum name should be printed on the outside of the box?

The most extensive ramification of segmentation in animals,from an evolutionarily perspective,is that it

Which statement about coelacanths is true?

Introduction

The Chemistry and Energy of Life

Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Pathways That Harvest and Store Chemical Energy

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

DNA and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Biotechnology

Genes, Development, and Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Evolution of Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

The Plant Body

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Growth and Development

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plants in the Environment

Fundamentals of Animal Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Breathing

Circulation

Muscle and Movement

Neurons, Sense Organs, and Nervous Systems

Nervous and Endocrine Control

Water and Salts: Excretion

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Behavior

The Distribution of Earths Ecological Systems

Populations

Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Interactions Within and Among Species

Ecological Communities

The Global Ecosystem

Filters