Question 1

The facilitated diffusion of ions from the soil solution into root cells requires

Accepted Answer

A)  an identical concentration of ions on both sides of the root cell membranes. 
B)  a concentration of ions outside the root cells that is lower than the concentration inside the cells. 
C)  the expenditure of ATP. 
D)  specific channel proteins in the membranes. 
E)  cellular respiration. 
A)  an identical concentration of ions on both sides of the root cell membranes. 
B)  a concentration of ions outside the root cells that is lower than the concentration inside the cells. 
C)  the expenditure of ATP. 
D)  specific channel proteins in the membranes. 
E)  cellular respiration. D

Question 2

Pumping protons (H+)out of a cell can trigger the movement of

Accepted Answer

A)  K+ out of the cell and Cl- into the cell. 
B)  K+ into the cell and Cl- out of the cell. 
C)  both K+ and Cl- out of the cell. 
D)  both K+ and Cl- into the cell. 
E)  K+ into the cell,with no movement of Cl-. 
A)  K+ out of the cell and Cl- into the cell. 
B)  K+ into the cell and Cl- out of the cell. 
C)  both K+ and Cl- out of the cell. 
D)  both K+ and Cl- into the cell. 
E)  K+ into the cell,with no movement of Cl-. D

Question 3

Your lab supervisor asks you to apply a stain to a section of spinach leaf and says that the stain will produce a color only in the apoplast.Which structure(s)will be colored?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cell membranes 
B)  Plasmodesmata 
C)  Cell walls 
D)  Cytoplasm 
E)  Vacuoles 
A)  Cell membranes 
B)  Plasmodesmata 
C)  Cell walls 
D)  Cytoplasm 
E)  Vacuoles C

Question 4

Plants obtain all of the following elements from the soil except

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon. 
B)  nitrogen. 
C)  potassium. 
D)  sulfur. 
E)  zinc. 
A)  carbon. 
B)  nitrogen. 
C)  potassium. 
D)  sulfur. 
E)  zinc.

Question 5

A botanist performs a series of experiments in which different possible sources of hydrogen to be used by plants are radioactively labeled.When photosynthetically derived compounds from the plants are later examined,their hydrogen will be found to have come from which source?

Accepted Answer

A)  The atmosphere 
B)  Soil minerals 
C)  Water 
D)  Other plants 
E)  Fungi 
A)  The atmosphere 
B)  Soil minerals 
C)  Water 
D)  Other plants 
E)  Fungi

Question 6

What happens when a large amount of water enters a plant cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  Entry of the water will increase as the water potential increases. 
B)  The cell will eventually become turgid,with no more net entry of water. 
C)  The water will move toward the region of more positive water potential. 
D)  The turgor pressure of the cell will be reduced. 
E)  The entry of the water will cause increased active transport into the cell. 
A)  Entry of the water will increase as the water potential increases. 
B)  The cell will eventually become turgid,with no more net entry of water. 
C)  The water will move toward the region of more positive water potential. 
D)  The turgor pressure of the cell will be reduced. 
E)  The entry of the water will cause increased active transport into the cell.

Question 7

In order to transport K+ ions into their cells,plants use

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP to pump H+ out. 
B)  a sodium-potassium pump. 
C)  ATP to pump K+ in. 
D)  ATP to pump water in. 
E)  a proton pump to pump water in. 
A)  ATP to pump H+ out. 
B)  a sodium-potassium pump. 
C)  ATP to pump K+ in. 
D)  ATP to pump water in. 
E)  a proton pump to pump water in.

Question 8

_______ are available to the plant in unlimited supply _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Water and nitrogen;because there is plenty of soil around the plant 
B)  Sulfur and magnesium;because the plant needs relatively small amounts from the soil 
C)  Phosphorus and iron;because they readily dissolve in soil water 
D)  Calcium and chlorine;because they are easily absorbed by the roots 
E)  Hydrogen and oxygen;as long as sufficient water is available 
A)  Water and nitrogen;because there is plenty of soil around the plant 
B)  Sulfur and magnesium;because the plant needs relatively small amounts from the soil 
C)  Phosphorus and iron;because they readily dissolve in soil water 
D)  Calcium and chlorine;because they are easily absorbed by the roots 
E)  Hydrogen and oxygen;as long as sufficient water is available

Question 9

The industrial production of nitrogen-containing fertilizer is currently limited by

Accepted Answer

A)  its high energy expense. 
B)  the inability to insert nitrogenase genes into plants. 
C)  the lack of nitrogenase for the industrial process. 
D)  the limited supply of N2 gas. 
E)  the need to exclude free oxygen in the process. 
A)  its high energy expense. 
B)  the inability to insert nitrogenase genes into plants. 
C)  the lack of nitrogenase for the industrial process. 
D)  the limited supply of N2 gas. 
E)  the need to exclude free oxygen in the process.

Question 10

Plants do not depend on soil for

Accepted Answer

A)  O2 for root respiration. 
B)  the services of other soil organisms,including bacteria,fungi,protists,and animals such as earthworms and arthropods. 
C)  CO2. 
D)  anchorage for mechanical support of the shoot. 
E)  mineral nutrients and water. 
A)  O2 for root respiration. 
B)  the services of other soil organisms,including bacteria,fungi,protists,and animals such as earthworms and arthropods. 
C)  CO2. 
D)  anchorage for mechanical support of the shoot. 
E)  mineral nutrients and water.

Question 11

If a tree is girdled when its leaves are expanded and photosynthetically active,the bark will swell in the region _______ the girdle,and the _______ will die before the rest of the tree.

Accepted Answer

A)  below;roots 
B)  below;branches 
C)  below;leaves 
D)  above;roots 
E)  above;branches 
A)  below;roots 
B)  below;branches 
C)  below;leaves 
D)  above;roots 
E)  above;branches

Question 12

Researchers discover that a species of maple tree cannot survive and complete its life cycle without tiny amounts of cadmium.For this tree,cadmium is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  macromolecule. 
B)  macronutrient. 
C)  essential element. 
D)  amino acid. 
E)  essential micronutrient. 
A)  macromolecule. 
B)  macronutrient. 
C)  essential element. 
D)  amino acid. 
E)  essential micronutrient.

Question 13

Which four elements are found in highest concentration in plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phosphorus,calcium,hydrogen,carbon 
B)  Magnesium,phosphorus,calcium,potassium 
C)  Magnesium,iron,phosphorus,potassium 
D)  Carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen 
E)  Carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,potassium 
A)  Phosphorus,calcium,hydrogen,carbon 
B)  Magnesium,phosphorus,calcium,potassium 
C)  Magnesium,iron,phosphorus,potassium 
D)  Carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen 
E)  Carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,potassium

Question 14

Which of the following represents the correct order of soil horizons that you would encounter if you started digging in your garden?

Accepted Answer

A)  Parent rock $\rightarrow$  subsoil $\rightarrow$ topsoil 
B)  Topsoil $\rightarrow$  subsoil $\rightarrow$  parent rock 
C)  Topsoil $\rightarrow$  parent rock $\rightarrow$ subsoil 
D)  Parent rock $\rightarrow$  topsoil$\rightarrow$ subsoil 
E)  Subsoil $\rightarrow$  parent rock $\rightarrow$  topsoil 
A)  Parent rock $\rightarrow$  subsoil $\rightarrow$ topsoil 
B)  Topsoil $\rightarrow$  subsoil $\rightarrow$  parent rock 
C)  Topsoil $\rightarrow$  parent rock $\rightarrow$ subsoil 
D)  Parent rock $\rightarrow$  topsoil$\rightarrow$ subsoil 
E)  Subsoil $\rightarrow$  parent rock $\rightarrow$  topsoil

Question 15

The richest topsoils for agriculture are composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  clay. 
B)  sand. 
C)  organic matter. 
D)  silt. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  clay. 
B)  sand. 
C)  organic matter. 
D)  silt. 
E)  All of the above

Question 16

The flow rate in the phloem can be as high as _______ cm per hour.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.01 
B)  0.1 
C)  1 
D)  10 
E)  100 
A)  0.01 
B)  0.1 
C)  1 
D)  10 
E)  100

Question 17

Soil scientists recognize _______ major soil horizons: _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  two;A and B 
B)  four;top,top middle,middle,and lower 
C)  seven;1,2,3,4,5,6,and 7 
D)  two;upper and lower 
E)  three;A,B,and C 
A)  two;A and B 
B)  four;top,top middle,middle,and lower 
C)  seven;1,2,3,4,5,6,and 7 
D)  two;upper and lower 
E)  three;A,B,and C

Question 18

A newly discovered kind of coconut plant has leaves with increased uptake of CO2 compared to leaves of other types of coconuts.What modification might best account for the difference?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thicker waxy cuticle 
B)  Lower rate of water vapor loss 
C)  Lack of response to darkness 
D)  Electric imbalance in guard cells 
E)  Stomata that are more open 
A)  Thicker waxy cuticle 
B)  Lower rate of water vapor loss 
C)  Lack of response to darkness 
D)  Electric imbalance in guard cells 
E)  Stomata that are more open

Question 19

You spot a wilted impatiens plant on the windowsill.This wilting occurs when the _______ of a plant's cells is _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  water potential;high 
B)  turgor pressure;high 
C)  interior solute concentration;high 
D)  solute potential;high 
E)  turgor pressure;low 
A)  water potential;high 
B)  turgor pressure;high 
C)  interior solute concentration;high 
D)  solute potential;high 
E)  turgor pressure;low

Question 20

One function of abscisic acid is

Accepted Answer

A)  the storage of CO2 for daytime use. 
B)  the reduction of water loss from the plant. 
C)  the opening of stomata. 
D)  increased H+ pumping in guard cells. 
E)  a lowering of pH in mesophyll cells. 
A)  the storage of CO2 for daytime use. 
B)  the reduction of water loss from the plant. 
C)  the opening of stomata. 
D)  increased H+ pumping in guard cells. 
E)  a lowering of pH in mesophyll cells.

Exam 25: Plant Nutrition and Transport

The facilitated diffusion of ions from the soil solution into root cells requires

Pumping protons (H+)out of a cell can trigger the movement of

Your lab supervisor asks you to apply a stain to a section of spinach leaf and says that the stain will produce a color only in the apoplast.Which structure(s)will be colored?

Plants obtain all of the following elements from the soil except

A botanist performs a series of experiments in which different possible sources of hydrogen to be used by plants are radioactively labeled.When photosynthetically derived compounds from the plants are later examined,their hydrogen will be found to have come from which source?

What happens when a large amount of water enters a plant cell?

In order to transport K+ ions into their cells,plants use

_______ are available to the plant in unlimited supply _______.

The industrial production of nitrogen-containing fertilizer is currently limited by

Plants do not depend on soil for

If a tree is girdled when its leaves are expanded and photosynthetically active,the bark will swell in the region _______ the girdle,and the _______ will die before the rest of the tree.

Researchers discover that a species of maple tree cannot survive and complete its life cycle without tiny amounts of cadmium.For this tree,cadmium is a(n)

Which four elements are found in highest concentration in plants?

Which of the following represents the correct order of soil horizons that you would encounter if you started digging in your garden?

The richest topsoils for agriculture are composed of

The flow rate in the phloem can be as high as _______ cm per hour.

Soil scientists recognize _______ major soil horizons: _______.

A newly discovered kind of coconut plant has leaves with increased uptake of CO2 compared to leaves of other types of coconuts.What modification might best account for the difference?

You spot a wilted impatiens plant on the windowsill.This wilting occurs when the _______ of a plant's cells is _______.

One function of abscisic acid is

Introduction

The Chemistry and Energy of Life

Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Pathways That Harvest and Store Chemical Energy

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

DNA and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Biotechnology

Genes, Development, and Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Evolution of Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and Diversity

The Plant Body

Plant Growth and Development

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plants in the Environment

Fundamentals of Animal Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Breathing

Circulation

Muscle and Movement

Neurons, Sense Organs, and Nervous Systems

Nervous and Endocrine Control

Water and Salts: Excretion

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Behavior

The Distribution of Earths Ecological Systems

Populations

Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Interactions Within and Among Species

Ecological Communities

The Global Ecosystem

Filters

Pumping protons (H⁺)out of a cell can trigger the movement of

In order to transport K⁺ ions into their cells,plants use

_ are available to the plant in unlimited supply _.

If a tree is girdled when its leaves are expanded and photosynthetically active,the bark will swell in the region _ the girdle,and the _ will die before the rest of the tree.

Soil scientists recognize _ major soil horizons: _.

A newly discovered kind of coconut plant has leaves with increased uptake of CO₂ compared to leaves of other types of coconuts.What modification might best account for the difference?

You spot a wilted impatiens plant on the windowsill.This wilting occurs when the _ of a plant's cells is _.