Question 1

Which plant hormone stimulates axillary buds to grow into branches?

Accepted Answer

A)  Abscisic acid 
B)  Auxin 
C)  Cytokinins 
D)  Ethylene 
E)  Gibberellins 
A)  Abscisic acid 
B)  Auxin 
C)  Cytokinins 
D)  Ethylene 
E)  Gibberellins C

Question 2

Which statement about plant tropisms is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  An imbalance in gibberellin concentration causes curvature. 
B)  Roots grow toward the light. 
C)  One side of the root or shoot grows more rapidly than the other. 
D)  DNA is the gravity receptor. 
E)  Auxin is the gravity receptor. 
A)  An imbalance in gibberellin concentration causes curvature. 
B)  Roots grow toward the light. 
C)  One side of the root or shoot grows more rapidly than the other. 
D)  DNA is the gravity receptor. 
E)  Auxin is the gravity receptor. C

Question 3

Radishes provide a good demonstration of the pronounced swelling that cytokinins can cause in

Accepted Answer

A)  roots. 
B)  stems. 
C)  leaves. 
D)  flowers. 
E)  buds. 
A)  roots. 
B)  stems. 
C)  leaves. 
D)  flowers. 
E)  buds. A

Question 4

What molecule is most critical for the germination of all seeds?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose 
B)  Water 
C)  DNA 
D)  Protein 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Glucose 
B)  Water 
C)  DNA 
D)  Protein 
E)  None of the above

Question 5

The production of auxin in response to light involves

Accepted Answer

A)  zeaxanthin. 
B)  phytochrome Pr. 
C)  a mechanism that is currently unknown. 
D)  phototropin. 
E)  Both a and b 
A)  zeaxanthin. 
B)  phytochrome Pr. 
C)  a mechanism that is currently unknown. 
D)  phototropin. 
E)  Both a and b

Question 6

A botanist compares a wild-type plant to two different mutant plants of the same species.One of the mutants is small and has fewer cells than the wild type.The other has the normal number of cells,though each cell is much smaller than the cells in the wild-type plant.Which hormones are likely to be missing or not functioning properly in these two types of mutants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cytokinins and gibberellins 
B)  Auxin and gibberellins 
C)  Ethylene and gibberellins 
D)  Gibberellins and brassinosteroids 
E)  Cytokinins and abscisic acid 
A)  Cytokinins and gibberellins 
B)  Auxin and gibberellins 
C)  Ethylene and gibberellins 
D)  Gibberellins and brassinosteroids 
E)  Cytokinins and abscisic acid

Question 7

When a light receptor acts to change,for example,the direction in which a stem is bending,what is it changing at the molecular level?

Accepted Answer

A)  Calcium concentrations 
B)  DNA copying 
C)  Hormone synthesis 
D)  Gene expression 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Calcium concentrations 
B)  DNA copying 
C)  Hormone synthesis 
D)  Gene expression 
E)  None of the above

Question 8

Which step is initially most crucial for the survival of a growing seedling that has germinated an inch underground?

Accepted Answer

A)  Production of chlorophyll 
B)  Rapid elongation of the shoot 
C)  Breaking of dormancy 
D)  Rapid start of photosynthesis 
E)  Expansion of cotyledons 
A)  Production of chlorophyll 
B)  Rapid elongation of the shoot 
C)  Breaking of dormancy 
D)  Rapid start of photosynthesis 
E)  Expansion of cotyledons

Question 9

Treatment of some plants with gibberellins or auxin causes parthenocarpy,which is the formation of

Accepted Answer

A)  flowers that lack embryos. 
B)  seeds that lack embryos. 
C)  fruit with only one seed instead of many. 
D)  fruit without fertilization. 
E)  an embryo without fertilization. 
A)  flowers that lack embryos. 
B)  seeds that lack embryos. 
C)  fruit with only one seed instead of many. 
D)  fruit without fertilization. 
E)  an embryo without fertilization.

Question 10

To stop the growth of a plant cell effectively,the most useful procedure is to stop

Accepted Answer

A)  the binding of water to the cell. 
B)  the uptake of water into the vacuole. 
C)  the strengthening of cell-wall components. 
D)  the deposition of new cell-wall materials on the outside of the cell wall. 
E)  proton-pumping into the cytoplasm. 
A)  the binding of water to the cell. 
B)  the uptake of water into the vacuole. 
C)  the strengthening of cell-wall components. 
D)  the deposition of new cell-wall materials on the outside of the cell wall. 
E)  proton-pumping into the cytoplasm.

Question 11

Auxin's polar transport relies in part on the fact that auxin is a weak acid that

Accepted Answer

A)  binds H+ in high pH conditions. 
B)  ionizes to release H+ in neutral pH conditions. 
C)  forms a base in the cell wall. 
D)  is passively transported across cells. 
E)  pumps protons across the cell membrane. 
A)  binds H+ in high pH conditions. 
B)  ionizes to release H+ in neutral pH conditions. 
C)  forms a base in the cell wall. 
D)  is passively transported across cells. 
E)  pumps protons across the cell membrane.

Question 12

Which part of a seedling is sensitive to light?

Accepted Answer

A)  The entire seedling 
B)  The entire shoot above the roots 
C)  The entire coleoptile 
D)  The coleoptile region several millimeters below the tip 
E)  The tip of the coleoptile 
A)  The entire seedling 
B)  The entire shoot above the roots 
C)  The entire coleoptile 
D)  The coleoptile region several millimeters below the tip 
E)  The tip of the coleoptile

Question 13

What part of the weight of a dormant seed is water?

Accepted Answer

A)  3-10 percent 
B)  5-15 percent 
C)  20-30 percent 
D)  40-60 percent 
E)  60-70 percent 
A)  3-10 percent 
B)  5-15 percent 
C)  20-30 percent 
D)  40-60 percent 
E)  60-70 percent

Question 14

Which sequence represents the correct order of events in cytokinin signal transduction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cytokinin is produced $\rightarrow$ cytokinin binds to its receptor protein $\rightarrow$  cytoplasmic steps are initiated $\rightarrow$  transcription factor is activated 
B)  Cytokinin is produced $\rightarrow$  cytoplasmic steps are initiated $\rightarrow$  transcription factor is activated $\rightarrow$  cytokinin binds to its receptor protein 
C)  Cytokinin binds to its receptor protein $\rightarrow$ cytoplasmic steps are initiated $\rightarrow$  transcription factor is activated $\rightarrow$ cytokinin is produced 
D)  Cytokinin binds to its receptor protein $\rightarrow$ transcription factor is activated $\rightarrow$ cytokinin is produced $\rightarrow$  cytoplasmic steps are initiated 
E)  Cytoplasmic steps are initiated $\rightarrow$ transcription factor is activated $\rightarrow$  cytokinin is produced $\rightarrow$  cytokinin binds to its receptor protein 
A)  Cytokinin is produced $\rightarrow$ cytokinin binds to its receptor protein $\rightarrow$  cytoplasmic steps are initiated $\rightarrow$  transcription factor is activated 
B)  Cytokinin is produced $\rightarrow$  cytoplasmic steps are initiated $\rightarrow$  transcription factor is activated $\rightarrow$  cytokinin binds to its receptor protein 
C)  Cytokinin binds to its receptor protein $\rightarrow$ cytoplasmic steps are initiated $\rightarrow$  transcription factor is activated $\rightarrow$ cytokinin is produced 
D)  Cytokinin binds to its receptor protein $\rightarrow$ transcription factor is activated $\rightarrow$ cytokinin is produced $\rightarrow$  cytoplasmic steps are initiated 
E)  Cytoplasmic steps are initiated $\rightarrow$ transcription factor is activated $\rightarrow$  cytokinin is produced $\rightarrow$  cytokinin binds to its receptor protein

Question 15

You are given a sample of seeds to analyze and are told that the germination process may have begun.If this is the case,the seeds will

Accepted Answer

A)  be dehydrated. 
B)  have been placed in the ground and then removed for analysis. 
C)  have imbibed water. 
D)  have high levels of abscisic acid. 
E)  be dormant. 
A)  be dehydrated. 
B)  have been placed in the ground and then removed for analysis. 
C)  have imbibed water. 
D)  have high levels of abscisic acid. 
E)  be dormant.

Question 16

Suppose that seedless raspberries have been discovered in a mutant screen and commercialized.What plant hormone could be added to the developing fruits to make them grow to the normal size of seeded fruits?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cytokinins 
B)  Nitrous oxide 
C)  Ethylene 
D)  Abscisic acid 
E)  Gibberellins 
A)  Cytokinins 
B)  Nitrous oxide 
C)  Ethylene 
D)  Abscisic acid 
E)  Gibberellins

Question 17

Gibberellins were discovered by the biologist Eiichi Kurosawa while he was studying a disease of _______,in which seedlings _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  corn;grow unusually slowly 
B)  rice;grow into tall,spindly plants 
C)  wheat;die after germination 
D)  barley;produce seeds unusually early 
E)  millet;have a beneficial mutation 
A)  corn;grow unusually slowly 
B)  rice;grow into tall,spindly plants 
C)  wheat;die after germination 
D)  barley;produce seeds unusually early 
E)  millet;have a beneficial mutation

Question 18

A researcher who wishes to experimentally manipulate leaf senescence in tobacco would apply _______ to promote senescence and _______ to delay it.

Accepted Answer

A)  auxin;cytokinins 
B)  ethylene;gibberellins 
C)  ethylene;auxin 
D)  cytokinins;auxin 
E)  cytokinins;ethylene 
A)  auxin;cytokinins 
B)  ethylene;gibberellins 
C)  ethylene;auxin 
D)  cytokinins;auxin 
E)  cytokinins;ethylene

Question 19

Suppose that botanists have discovered a new plant hormone and they hypothesize that it is required for normal leaf shape.Which experimental result would not support this hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  A mutant with abnormal leaf shape is found to lack the hypothesized hormone. 
B)  A chemical that is isolated is found to affect leaf shape when applied to the young tip of developing plants. 
C)  Plants in which the synthesis of the hypothesized hormone is inhibited develop abnormal leaves. 
D)  Removal of the young tip of the plant causes the development of abnormal leaf shape. 
E)  Treatment of a leaf-shape mutant plant with the hypothesized hormone restores normal leaf development. 
A)  A mutant with abnormal leaf shape is found to lack the hypothesized hormone. 
B)  A chemical that is isolated is found to affect leaf shape when applied to the young tip of developing plants. 
C)  Plants in which the synthesis of the hypothesized hormone is inhibited develop abnormal leaves. 
D)  Removal of the young tip of the plant causes the development of abnormal leaf shape. 
E)  Treatment of a leaf-shape mutant plant with the hypothesized hormone restores normal leaf development.

Question 20

Which statement about phytochrome Pr is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It absorbs far-red light. 
B)  It looks blue in a test tube. 
C)  It is the active form of phytochrome. 
D)  It converts spontaneously to the Pfr form in the dark. 
E)  It controls a variety of light-mediated plant responses. 
A)  It absorbs far-red light. 
B)  It looks blue in a test tube. 
C)  It is the active form of phytochrome. 
D)  It converts spontaneously to the Pfr form in the dark. 
E)  It controls a variety of light-mediated plant responses.

Exam 26: Plant Growth and Development

Which plant hormone stimulates axillary buds to grow into branches?

Which statement about plant tropisms is true?

Radishes provide a good demonstration of the pronounced swelling that cytokinins can cause in

What molecule is most critical for the germination of all seeds?

The production of auxin in response to light involves

When a light receptor acts to change,for example,the direction in which a stem is bending,what is it changing at the molecular level?

Which step is initially most crucial for the survival of a growing seedling that has germinated an inch underground?

Treatment of some plants with gibberellins or auxin causes parthenocarpy,which is the formation of

To stop the growth of a plant cell effectively,the most useful procedure is to stop

Auxin's polar transport relies in part on the fact that auxin is a weak acid that

Which part of a seedling is sensitive to light?

What part of the weight of a dormant seed is water?

Which sequence represents the correct order of events in cytokinin signal transduction?

You are given a sample of seeds to analyze and are told that the germination process may have begun.If this is the case,the seeds will

Suppose that seedless raspberries have been discovered in a mutant screen and commercialized.What plant hormone could be added to the developing fruits to make them grow to the normal size of seeded fruits?

Gibberellins were discovered by the biologist Eiichi Kurosawa while he was studying a disease of _______,in which seedlings _______.

A researcher who wishes to experimentally manipulate leaf senescence in tobacco would apply _______ to promote senescence and _______ to delay it.

Suppose that botanists have discovered a new plant hormone and they hypothesize that it is required for normal leaf shape.Which experimental result would not support this hypothesis?

Which statement about phytochrome Pr is true?

Introduction

The Chemistry and Energy of Life

Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Pathways That Harvest and Store Chemical Energy

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

DNA and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Biotechnology

Genes, Development, and Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Evolution of Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and Diversity

The Plant Body

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plants in the Environment

Fundamentals of Animal Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Breathing

Circulation

Muscle and Movement

Neurons, Sense Organs, and Nervous Systems

Nervous and Endocrine Control

Water and Salts: Excretion

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Behavior

The Distribution of Earths Ecological Systems

Populations

Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Interactions Within and Among Species

Ecological Communities

The Global Ecosystem

Filters

Gibberellins were discovered by the biologist Eiichi Kurosawa while he was studying a disease of _,in which seedlings _.

A researcher who wishes to experimentally manipulate leaf senescence in tobacco would apply _ to promote senescence and _ to delay it.

Which statement about phytochrome P_r is true?