Question 1

Which sequence represents the correct ordering of events in the angiosperm life cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  Division of diploid zygote,pollen grain reaches a sporophyte,fertilization,production of a pollen tube 
B)  Pollen grain reaches a sporophyte,production of a pollen tube,fertilization,division of diploid zygote 
C)  Pollen grain reaches a sporophyte,division of diploid zygote,production of a pollen tube,fertilization 
D)  Production of a pollen tube,fertilization,division of diploid zygote,pollen grain reaches a sporophyte 
E)  Fertilization,division of diploid zygote,production of a pollen tube,pollen grain reaches a sporophyte 
A)  Division of diploid zygote,pollen grain reaches a sporophyte,fertilization,production of a pollen tube 
B)  Pollen grain reaches a sporophyte,production of a pollen tube,fertilization,division of diploid zygote 
C)  Pollen grain reaches a sporophyte,division of diploid zygote,production of a pollen tube,fertilization 
D)  Production of a pollen tube,fertilization,division of diploid zygote,pollen grain reaches a sporophyte 
E)  Fertilization,division of diploid zygote,production of a pollen tube,pollen grain reaches a sporophyte B

Question 2

In most regions of Earth today,land flora consists predominantly of

Accepted Answer

A)  ferns. 
B)  bryophytes. 
C)  gymnosperms. 
D)  club mosses. 
E)  angiosperms. 
A)  ferns. 
B)  bryophytes. 
C)  gymnosperms. 
D)  club mosses. 
E)  angiosperms. E

Question 3

Plants invaded the land sometime during the Paleozoic era.In order to evolve and thrive on land,plants had to develop

Accepted Answer

A)  photosynthetic pigments and mechanisms for transporting water and minerals to aerial parts. 
B)  starch for carbohydrate storage and mechanisms for transporting water and minerals to aerial parts. 
C)  physical support structures and mechanisms for gamete dispersal. 
D)  photosynthetic pigments that are not dependent on an aqueous environment and starch for carbohydrate storage. 
E)  physical support structures and alternation of generations. 
A)  photosynthetic pigments and mechanisms for transporting water and minerals to aerial parts. 
B)  starch for carbohydrate storage and mechanisms for transporting water and minerals to aerial parts. 
C)  physical support structures and mechanisms for gamete dispersal. 
D)  photosynthetic pigments that are not dependent on an aqueous environment and starch for carbohydrate storage. 
E)  physical support structures and alternation of generations. C

Question 4

The evidence suggesting that heterospory probably affords selective advantages is that it

Accepted Answer

A)  is found in the most primitive land plants. 
B)  is found only in the most advanced land plants. 
C)  is simpler than homospory. 
D)  evolved a number of times. 
E)  evolved along with swimming sperm. 
A)  is found in the most primitive land plants. 
B)  is found only in the most advanced land plants. 
C)  is simpler than homospory. 
D)  evolved a number of times. 
E)  evolved along with swimming sperm.

Question 5

Which structure or characteristic does not enable the nonvascular land plants to obtain water and minerals in the absence of a vascular system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Growth in dense masses through which water can move by capillary action 
B)  Small size,which allows minerals to be distributed evenly by diffusion 
C)  Usually found in moist habitats 
D)  An extensive root system 
E)  Leaflike structures that catch and hold water 
A)  Growth in dense masses through which water can move by capillary action 
B)  Small size,which allows minerals to be distributed evenly by diffusion 
C)  Usually found in moist habitats 
D)  An extensive root system 
E)  Leaflike structures that catch and hold water

Question 6

Although Earth is estimated to be 4-5 billion years old,and although life first appeared a little less than 4 billion years ago,land plants did not appear until about _______ years ago.

Accepted Answer

A)  3-4 billion 
B)  400-500 million 
C)  40-50 million 
D)  3-4 million 
E)  400,000-500,000 
A)  3-4 billion 
B)  400-500 million 
C)  40-50 million 
D)  3-4 million 
E)  400,000-500,000

Question 7

The function of the pollen tube is to

Accepted Answer

A)  eject pollen from the microsporangium. 
B)  direct pollen to the megasporangium. 
C)  produce pollen. 
D)  digest the sporophyte tissue as it elongates toward the female gametophyte. 
E)  attract animals to the plant to spread the pollen. 
A)  eject pollen from the microsporangium. 
B)  direct pollen to the megasporangium. 
C)  produce pollen. 
D)  digest the sporophyte tissue as it elongates toward the female gametophyte. 
E)  attract animals to the plant to spread the pollen.

Question 8

How can nonvascular plants survive without true leaves,stems,and roots?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are small enough to allow minerals to diffuse throughout their bodies. 
B)  They live in moist habitats. 
C)  They have a thick cuticle to prevent water loss. 
D)  They are parasitic plants. 
E)  Both a and b 
A)  They are small enough to allow minerals to diffuse throughout their bodies. 
B)  They live in moist habitats. 
C)  They have a thick cuticle to prevent water loss. 
D)  They are parasitic plants. 
E)  Both a and b

Question 9

One reason for the enormous evolutionary success of seed plants is their possession of

Accepted Answer

A)  seeds with food reserves for the young sporophyte. 
B)  complex leaves that can photosynthesize at a faster rate than non-seed-producing plants can. 
C)  seeds with a resting stage that can remain viable for many years,germinating when conditions are favorable for growth of the sporophyte. 
D)  an advanced vascular system that pumps water and nutrients around the plant body. 
E)  Both a and c 
A)  seeds with food reserves for the young sporophyte. 
B)  complex leaves that can photosynthesize at a faster rate than non-seed-producing plants can. 
C)  seeds with a resting stage that can remain viable for many years,germinating when conditions are favorable for growth of the sporophyte. 
D)  an advanced vascular system that pumps water and nutrients around the plant body. 
E)  Both a and c

Question 10

Use the following to answer questions :
Refer to the diagram below showing a life cycle.  
-Suppose you find a new eukaryotic organism with this life cycle.What evidence would lead to the conclusion that it does not belong in the land plant clade?

Accepted Answer

A)  It lacks a multicellular diploid generation (sporophyte). 
B)  It has both gametes and spores. 
C)  Both the male and female gametes are haploid. 
D)  It has a multicellular haploid generation. 
E)  It is homosporous. 
A)  It lacks a multicellular diploid generation (sporophyte). 
B)  It has both gametes and spores. 
C)  Both the male and female gametes are haploid. 
D)  It has a multicellular haploid generation. 
E)  It is homosporous.

Question 11

Amborella

Accepted Answer

A)  was the first flowering plant. 
B)  belongs to the first gymnosperm clade. 
C)  is the sister group of all other living angiosperms. 
D)  is a eudicot. 
E)  has vessel elements in its xylem. 
A)  was the first flowering plant. 
B)  belongs to the first gymnosperm clade. 
C)  is the sister group of all other living angiosperms. 
D)  is a eudicot. 
E)  has vessel elements in its xylem.

Question 12

Which structure is thought by some biologists to be the evolutionary origin of microphylls?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sterile sporangia 
B)  Rhizoids 
C)  Specialized xylem 
D)  Photosynthetic tissue developed between complex branching patterns 
E)  Heterospory 
A)  Sterile sporangia 
B)  Rhizoids 
C)  Specialized xylem 
D)  Photosynthetic tissue developed between complex branching patterns 
E)  Heterospory

Question 13

The eudicots

Accepted Answer

A)  include the magnoliids. 
B)  include many herbs,vines,shrubs,and trees. 
C)  and the monocots are the only extant angiosperm clades. 
D)  are not a clade. 
E)  include orchids and palm trees. 
A)  include the magnoliids. 
B)  include many herbs,vines,shrubs,and trees. 
C)  and the monocots are the only extant angiosperm clades. 
D)  are not a clade. 
E)  include orchids and palm trees.

Question 14

Which group has seeds that are in cones,plants with needlelike or scalelike leaves,and includes plants such as pines and redwoods?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cycads 
B)  Ginkgos 
C)  Conifers 
D)  Gnetophytes 
E)  Angiosperms 
A)  Cycads 
B)  Ginkgos 
C)  Conifers 
D)  Gnetophytes 
E)  Angiosperms

Question 15

Which characteristic does not belong to land plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Development from embryos protected by tissues of the parent plant 
B)  Cell walls containing cellulose 
C)  Chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b 
D)  Starch as the storage carbohydrate 
E)  Anaerobic respiration 
A)  Development from embryos protected by tissues of the parent plant 
B)  Cell walls containing cellulose 
C)  Chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b 
D)  Starch as the storage carbohydrate 
E)  Anaerobic respiration

Question 16

Which statement about most plant-pollinator interactions is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Many animal species may pollinate one plant species. 
B)  One animal species may pollinate many plant species. 
C)  Flowers may have markings or odors to attract certain pollinators. 
D)  Pollinators include bees,birds,and bats. 
E)  They are highly specific. 
A)  Many animal species may pollinate one plant species. 
B)  One animal species may pollinate many plant species. 
C)  Flowers may have markings or odors to attract certain pollinators. 
D)  Pollinators include bees,birds,and bats. 
E)  They are highly specific.

Question 17

All plant life cycles have generations that alternate between the gametophyte generation and the _______ generation.

Accepted Answer

A)  heteromorphic 
B)  sporophyte 
C)  vascular 
D)  archegonium 
E)  antheridium 
A)  heteromorphic 
B)  sporophyte 
C)  vascular 
D)  archegonium 
E)  antheridium

Question 18

The megaphyll found in ferns and seed plants is thought to have evolved

Accepted Answer

A)  from sterile sporangia. 
B)  by the process of meiosis. 
C)  by the process of heterospory. 
D)  as a result of overtopping. 
E)  spontaneously. 
A)  from sterile sporangia. 
B)  by the process of meiosis. 
C)  by the process of heterospory. 
D)  as a result of overtopping. 
E)  spontaneously.

Question 19

The pistil consists of

Accepted Answer

A)  anthers,filaments,and stamen. 
B)  the ovary,archegonium,and embryo. 
C)  the embryo,endosperm,and cotyledons. 
D)  sepals and petals. 
E)  the stigma,style,and ovary. 
A)  anthers,filaments,and stamen. 
B)  the ovary,archegonium,and embryo. 
C)  the embryo,endosperm,and cotyledons. 
D)  sepals and petals. 
E)  the stigma,style,and ovary.

Question 20

Which group typically has large leaves with branching vascular strands,can reach heights of up to 20 meters,and has sporangia usually clustered in groups called sori?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ginkgoes 
B)  Horsetails 
C)  Ferns 
D)  Hornworts 
E)  Club mosses 
A)  Ginkgoes 
B)  Horsetails 
C)  Ferns 
D)  Hornworts 
E)  Club mosses

Exam 21: The Evolution of Plants

Which sequence represents the correct ordering of events in the angiosperm life cycle?

In most regions of Earth today,land flora consists predominantly of

Plants invaded the land sometime during the Paleozoic era.In order to evolve and thrive on land,plants had to develop

The evidence suggesting that heterospory probably affords selective advantages is that it

Which structure or characteristic does not enable the nonvascular land plants to obtain water and minerals in the absence of a vascular system?

Although Earth is estimated to be 4-5 billion years old,and although life first appeared a little less than 4 billion years ago,land plants did not appear until about _______ years ago.

The function of the pollen tube is to

How can nonvascular plants survive without true leaves,stems,and roots?

One reason for the enormous evolutionary success of seed plants is their possession of

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the diagram below showing a life cycle. -Suppose you find a new eukaryotic organism with this life cycle.What evidence would lead to the conclusion that it does not belong in the land plant clade?

Amborella

Which structure is thought by some biologists to be the evolutionary origin of microphylls?

The eudicots

Which group has seeds that are in cones,plants with needlelike or scalelike leaves,and includes plants such as pines and redwoods?

Which characteristic does not belong to land plants?

Which statement about most plant-pollinator interactions is false?

All plant life cycles have generations that alternate between the gametophyte generation and the _______ generation.

The megaphyll found in ferns and seed plants is thought to have evolved

The pistil consists of

Which group typically has large leaves with branching vascular strands,can reach heights of up to 20 meters,and has sporangia usually clustered in groups called sori?

Introduction

The Chemistry and Energy of Life

Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Pathways That Harvest and Store Chemical Energy

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

DNA and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Biotechnology

Genes, Development, and Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and Diversity

The Plant Body

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Growth and Development

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plants in the Environment

Fundamentals of Animal Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Breathing

Circulation

Muscle and Movement

Neurons, Sense Organs, and Nervous Systems

Nervous and Endocrine Control

Water and Salts: Excretion

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Behavior

The Distribution of Earths Ecological Systems

Populations

Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Interactions Within and Among Species

Ecological Communities

The Global Ecosystem

Filters