Question 1

Humans have no way to break down

Accepted Answer

A)  cellulose. 
B)  amino acids. 
C)  DNA. 
D)  lipids. 
E)  lactose. 
A)  cellulose. 
B)  amino acids. 
C)  DNA. 
D)  lipids. 
E)  lactose. A

Question 2

Use the following to answer questions :
Facilities that recycle consumer electronics such as computers and cell phones often have entrance halls leading to disassembly rooms where the products are broken down into their parts,such as transistors,useful wires,and so on.The parts are then put on conveyor belts taking them to other areas where they can be re-used.
-In this scenario,the disassembly room is analogous to the _______ in a digestive system.

Accepted Answer

A)  esophagus 
B)  stomach and small intestine 
C)  pancreas 
D)  liver 
E)  rectum 
A)  esophagus 
B)  stomach and small intestine 
C)  pancreas 
D)  liver 
E)  rectum B

Question 3

The key difference between digestion and absorption is that

Accepted Answer

A)  absorption does not occur in most animals. 
B)  digestion does not occur in most animals. 
C)  digestion occurs on molecules absorbed from the blood into the gut lumen. 
D)  absorption transfers digested molecules across the gut epithelium. 
E)  The two terms are interchangeable;there is no significant difference. 
A)  absorption does not occur in most animals. 
B)  digestion does not occur in most animals. 
C)  digestion occurs on molecules absorbed from the blood into the gut lumen. 
D)  absorption transfers digested molecules across the gut epithelium. 
E)  The two terms are interchangeable;there is no significant difference. D

Question 4

The term "suspension feeder" has replaced the term "filter feeder" because

Accepted Answer

A)  biologists realized that suspension is easier to understand. 
B)  food sources in these cases are typically suspended above the animals,while filter feeding implies a food source below the animal. 
C)  suspension feeding includes the process of filtering. 
D)  filter feeders only take substances from blood. 
E)  many suspension feeders collect large numbers of food particles without a filter. 
A)  biologists realized that suspension is easier to understand. 
B)  food sources in these cases are typically suspended above the animals,while filter feeding implies a food source below the animal. 
C)  suspension feeding includes the process of filtering. 
D)  filter feeders only take substances from blood. 
E)  many suspension feeders collect large numbers of food particles without a filter.

Question 5

The enzyme lactase

Accepted Answer

A)  cleaves lactose into glucose and galactose. 
B)  is produced by the intestine. 
C)  is not produced by many humans after childhood. 
D)  cleaves milk sugar. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  cleaves lactose into glucose and galactose. 
B)  is produced by the intestine. 
C)  is not produced by many humans after childhood. 
D)  cleaves milk sugar. 
E)  All of the above

Question 6

The effects of glucagon include

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulation of glucose uptake into cells. 
B)  stimulation of liver cells to break down glycogen. 
C)  control of blood glycogen levels in the absence of insulin. 
D)  stimulation of cells to store energy as fat. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  stimulation of glucose uptake into cells. 
B)  stimulation of liver cells to break down glycogen. 
C)  control of blood glycogen levels in the absence of insulin. 
D)  stimulation of cells to store energy as fat. 
E)  None of the above

Question 7

We can synthesize almost all the lipids required by the body from building blocks obtained from carbohydrates or fats,but we must have a dietary source of essential _______,such as linoleic acid.

Accepted Answer

The answer of We can synthesize almost all the lipids...

Question 8

If the thyroid gland is unable to make thyroid hormone due to an inadequate supply of a micronutrient,a feedback loop causes more TSH to be released by the pituitary gland,which in turn causes the thyroid gland to grow as it attempts to make more thyroid hormone.If the lack of the micronutrient continues,the thyroid gland can grow quite large and is called a goiter.The lack of which micronutrient is most likely to cause a goiter?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fluoride 
B)  Iodine 
C)  Chromium 
D)  Zinc 
E)  Copper 
A)  Fluoride 
B)  Iodine 
C)  Chromium 
D)  Zinc 
E)  Copper

Question 9

Which layer of the vertebrate gut shows adaptations for increasing absorptive surface area?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lumen 
B)  Mucosa 
C)  Longitudinal muscle layer 
D)  Circular muscle layer 
E)  Nerve net 
A)  Lumen 
B)  Mucosa 
C)  Longitudinal muscle layer 
D)  Circular muscle layer 
E)  Nerve net

Question 10

Which statement about the cecum in an herbivore such as a rabbit is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It reabsorbs water from the feces. 
B)  It is the region of the stomach that produces digestive enzymes. 
C)  It is a region where bacteria are removed from the large intestine. 
D)  It is a fermentation chamber that follows the stomach and small intestine. 
E)  It is the part of the rectum that compacts fecal matter. 
A)  It reabsorbs water from the feces. 
B)  It is the region of the stomach that produces digestive enzymes. 
C)  It is a region where bacteria are removed from the large intestine. 
D)  It is a fermentation chamber that follows the stomach and small intestine. 
E)  It is the part of the rectum that compacts fecal matter.

Question 11

In vertebrates,a major function of the colon,or large intestine,is the

Accepted Answer

A)  digestive breakdown of foods. 
B)  absorption of nutrients from foods. 
C)  housing of parasitic bacteria. 
D)  secretion of bile and enzymes. 
E)  reabsorption of water. 
A)  digestive breakdown of foods. 
B)  absorption of nutrients from foods. 
C)  housing of parasitic bacteria. 
D)  secretion of bile and enzymes. 
E)  reabsorption of water.

Question 12

The hormone secretin is a chemical message

Accepted Answer

A)  secreted by the pancreas. 
B)  secreted by the stomach. 
C)  whose release is stimulated by the nervous system. 
D)  that decreases the effects of CCK. 
E)  that triggers pancreatic secretion. 
A)  secreted by the pancreas. 
B)  secreted by the stomach. 
C)  whose release is stimulated by the nervous system. 
D)  that decreases the effects of CCK. 
E)  that triggers pancreatic secretion.

Question 13

Insulin is released by the pancreas when blood levels of

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose fall. 
B)  glucagon fall. 
C)  glucose rise. 
D)  glucagon rise. 
E)  secretin fall. 
A)  glucose fall. 
B)  glucagon fall. 
C)  glucose rise. 
D)  glucagon rise. 
E)  secretin fall.

Question 14

Use the following to answer questions :
Facilities that recycle consumer electronics such as computers and cell phones often have entrance halls leading to disassembly rooms where the products are broken down into their parts,such as transistors,useful wires,and so on.The parts are then put on conveyor belts taking them to other areas where they can be re-used.
-In this scenario,the conveyor belts and distribution of useful items to other areas are most analogous to the blood and lymph vessels in the _______ of a digestive system.

Accepted Answer

A)  esophagus 
B)  gizzard 
C)  intestine 
D)  anus 
E)  crop 
A)  esophagus 
B)  gizzard 
C)  intestine 
D)  anus 
E)  crop

Question 15

Which statement about vitamins is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamins,like essential amino acids and fatty acids,are organic molecules. 
B)  All vertebrates require the same vitamins. 
C)  Vitamins function mostly as,or as parts of,coenzymes. 
D)  Vitamins are required only in very small amounts. 
E)  Humans require more water-soluble vitamins than fat-soluble vitamins. 
A)  Vitamins,like essential amino acids and fatty acids,are organic molecules. 
B)  All vertebrates require the same vitamins. 
C)  Vitamins function mostly as,or as parts of,coenzymes. 
D)  Vitamins are required only in very small amounts. 
E)  Humans require more water-soluble vitamins than fat-soluble vitamins.

Question 16

The major enzyme produced by your stomach is

Accepted Answer

A)  amylase. 
B)  HCl. 
C)  mucus. 
D)  trypsin. 
E)  pepsin. 
A)  amylase. 
B)  HCl. 
C)  mucus. 
D)  trypsin. 
E)  pepsin.

Question 17

In your small intestine,nutrients are absorbed by the intestinal epithelium and then passed to blood and lymph vessels lying in the _______ layer(s)of the intestine.These vessels then carry the nutrients away from the gut.

Accepted Answer

A)  microvilli 
B)  villi,only 
C)  villi,mucosa,and submucosa 
D)  circular muscle 
E)  longitudinal muscle 
A)  microvilli 
B)  villi,only 
C)  villi,mucosa,and submucosa 
D)  circular muscle 
E)  longitudinal muscle

Question 18

Which statement about vitamin C is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wounds heal slowly without it. 
B)  It is obtained from fresh greens and fruit in the diet. 
C)  It is an essential vitamin for humans. 
D)  It is a lipid-soluble vitamin. 
E)  A deficiency in it can cause bleeding gums. 
A)  Wounds heal slowly without it. 
B)  It is obtained from fresh greens and fruit in the diet. 
C)  It is an essential vitamin for humans. 
D)  It is a lipid-soluble vitamin. 
E)  A deficiency in it can cause bleeding gums.

Question 19

Colonies of beneficial bacteria live within the digestive tracts of many species.This relationship between the bacteria and the host species is called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Colonies of beneficial bacteria live within the...

Question 20

An animal's ability to digest foods can be determined by all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  the types of enzymes present in the ingested food. 
B)  how fast a particular food passes through its digestive system. 
C)  the amount of nutritional value the animal derives from the food. 
D)  the particular enzymes the animal synthesizes. 
E)  the types of gut microbes the animal possesses. 
A)  the types of enzymes present in the ingested food. 
B)  how fast a particular food passes through its digestive system. 
C)  the amount of nutritional value the animal derives from the food. 
D)  the particular enzymes the animal synthesizes. 
E)  the types of gut microbes the animal possesses.

Exam 30: Nutrition and Digestion

Humans have no way to break down

The key difference between digestion and absorption is that

The term "suspension feeder" has replaced the term "filter feeder" because

The enzyme lactase

The effects of glucagon include

We can synthesize almost all the lipids required by the body from building blocks obtained from carbohydrates or fats,but we must have a dietary source of essential _______,such as linoleic acid.

Which layer of the vertebrate gut shows adaptations for increasing absorptive surface area?

Which statement about the cecum in an herbivore such as a rabbit is true?

In vertebrates,a major function of the colon,or large intestine,is the

The hormone secretin is a chemical message

Insulin is released by the pancreas when blood levels of

Which statement about vitamins is false?

The major enzyme produced by your stomach is

In your small intestine,nutrients are absorbed by the intestinal epithelium and then passed to blood and lymph vessels lying in the _______ layer(s)of the intestine.These vessels then carry the nutrients away from the gut.

Which statement about vitamin C is false?

Colonies of beneficial bacteria live within the digestive tracts of many species.This relationship between the bacteria and the host species is called _______.

An animal's ability to digest foods can be determined by all of the following except

Introduction

The Chemistry and Energy of Life

Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Pathways That Harvest and Store Chemical Energy

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

DNA and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Biotechnology

Genes, Development, and Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Evolution of Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and Diversity

The Plant Body

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Growth and Development

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plants in the Environment

Fundamentals of Animal Function

Breathing

Circulation

Muscle and Movement

Neurons, Sense Organs, and Nervous Systems

Nervous and Endocrine Control

Water and Salts: Excretion

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Behavior

The Distribution of Earths Ecological Systems

Populations

Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Interactions Within and Among Species

Ecological Communities

The Global Ecosystem

Filters