Question 1

In DNA, the pyrimidines are ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) thymine and cytosine ​ 
B) adenine and cytosine 
C) adenine and guanine 
D) thymine and adenine 
E) guanine and thymine 
A) thymine and cytosine ​ 
B) adenine and cytosine 
C) adenine and guanine 
D) thymine and adenine 
E) guanine and thymine

Question 2

In humans, telomerase ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) adds telomere repeats in some human cells ​ 
B) removes telomere repeats in all human cells 
C) adds telomere repeats in all human cells ​ 
D) removes telomere repeats in some human cells 
E) transcribes telomere repeats in some human cells 
A) adds telomere repeats in some human cells ​ 
B) removes telomere repeats in all human cells 
C) adds telomere repeats in all human cells ​ 
D) removes telomere repeats in some human cells 
E) transcribes telomere repeats in some human cells

Question 3

Match between columns
                        Premises: Stabilizes single-stranded DNA

Accepted Answer

The Answer of sliding clamp and DNA polymerase I and is...

Question 4

DNA polymerase ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) synthesizes a short RNA segment to begin DNA replication ​ 
B) adds nucleotides to the 5' end of an existing strand to synthesize a new DNA strand 
C) adds nucleotides to the 3' end of an existing strand to synthesize a new DNA strand 
D) seals nicks between adjacent segments of DNA 
E) unwinds the DNA double helix at the origin of replication 
A) synthesizes a short RNA segment to begin DNA replication ​ 
B) adds nucleotides to the 5' end of an existing strand to synthesize a new DNA strand 
C) adds nucleotides to the 3' end of an existing strand to synthesize a new DNA strand 
D) seals nicks between adjacent segments of DNA 
E) unwinds the DNA double helix at the origin of replication

Question 5

Match between columns
                        Premises: Y-shape produced by the unwinding of the DNA double-helix

Accepted Answer

The Answer of double helix and lagging strand and replication is...

Question 6

Match between columns
                        Premises: Contains 5 ¢ 3 ¢ exonuclease activity to remove RNA preceding previous Okazaki fragment and uses its 5 ¢ 3 ¢ polymerization activity to replace RNA nucleotides with DNA nucleotides

Accepted Answer

The Answer of primase and sliding clamp and topoisomerase and is...

Question 7

Match between columns
                        Premises: Seals nicks between adjacent DNA segments

Accepted Answer

The Answer of helicase and single-stranded binding proteins and DNA is...

Question 8

Match between columns
                        Premises: Forms as a result of two replication forks being produced at the origin of replication

Accepted Answer

The Answer of origin of replication  and lagging strand is...

Question 9

In eukaryotes, the DNA molecule that comprises a chromosome is ____ and has ____ replication origin. ​

Accepted Answer

A) circular, one ​ 
B) circular, more than one 
C) linear, more than one 
D) linear, one 
E) linear, no 
A) circular, one ​ 
B) circular, more than one 
C) linear, more than one 
D) linear, one 
E) linear, no

Question 10

The T2 bacteriophages used in the Hershey and Chase experiment contain ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) DNA only ​ 
B) RNA and protein 
C) protein, phospholipid, and DNA 
D) DNA and protein 
E) protein, phospholipid, DNA, and RNA 
A) DNA only ​ 
B) RNA and protein 
C) protein, phospholipid, and DNA 
D) DNA and protein 
E) protein, phospholipid, DNA, and RNA

Question 11

Cancer treatments may specifically target rapidly dividing cells by using drugs or chemicals that ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) promote DNA replication only 
B) inhibit DNA repair enzymes only 
C) inhibit DNA replication only 
D) promote DNA replication or inhibit DNA repair enzymes 
E) inhibit DNA replication or DNA repair enzymes 
A) promote DNA replication only 
B) inhibit DNA repair enzymes only 
C) inhibit DNA replication only 
D) promote DNA replication or inhibit DNA repair enzymes 
E) inhibit DNA replication or DNA repair enzymes

Question 12

In their experiments to identify the transforming principle, Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty used enzymes that break down ____.

Accepted Answer

A) protein, DNA, and RNA ​ 
B) protein and RNA only 
C) DNA only 
D) protein, lipids, and RNA 
E) lipids and DNA only 
A) protein, DNA, and RNA ​ 
B) protein and RNA only 
C) DNA only 
D) protein, lipids, and RNA 
E) lipids and DNA only

Question 13

During normal DNA replication, part of the sequence at the ends of linear chromosomes is not copied into the new DNA strands because ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) DNA ligase cannot join pieces at the end of a chromosome ​ 
B) RNA primers at the beginning of a new strand cannot be replaced with DNA 
C) those ends are Okazaki fragments that are lost 
D) cells do not need the DNA at the ends of chromosomes 
E) the ends of chromosomes are made of protein, not DNA 
A) DNA ligase cannot join pieces at the end of a chromosome ​ 
B) RNA primers at the beginning of a new strand cannot be replaced with DNA 
C) those ends are Okazaki fragments that are lost 
D) cells do not need the DNA at the ends of chromosomes 
E) the ends of chromosomes are made of protein, not DNA

Question 14

During DNA replication, the ____ strand is assembled in the ____ direction from helix unwinding and is synthesized by ____ replication. ​

Accepted Answer

A) leading; opposite; continuous ​ 
B) lagging; same; discontinuous ​ 
C) leading; same; discontinuous 
D) lagging; opposite; continuous 
E) leading; same; continuous 
A) leading; opposite; continuous ​ 
B) lagging; same; discontinuous ​ 
C) leading; same; discontinuous 
D) lagging; opposite; continuous 
E) leading; same; continuous

Question 15

Variability in offspring is largely a result of ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) mutations ​ 
B) nucleosomes 
C) Okazaki fragments 
D) DNA repairs 
E) RNA primers 
A) mutations ​ 
B) nucleosomes 
C) Okazaki fragments 
D) DNA repairs 
E) RNA primers

Question 16

Adding nucleotides onto a growing DNA strand during DNA replication in cells occurs in ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) the 5' 3' direction for the leading strand and the 3' 5' direction on the lagging strand 
B) either the 5' 3' direction or the 3' 5' direction on both strands, depending on where replication begins 
C) the 5' 3' direction only 
D) the 3' 5' direction for the leading strand and the 5' 3' direction on the lagging strand 
E) the 3' 5' direction only 
A) the 5' 3' direction for the leading strand and the 3' 5' direction on the lagging strand 
B) either the 5' 3' direction or the 3' 5' direction on both strands, depending on where replication begins 
C) the 5' 3' direction only 
D) the 3' 5' direction for the leading strand and the 5' 3' direction on the lagging strand 
E) the 3' 5' direction only

Question 17

DNA replication is said to be semiconservative because ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) the number of nucleotides within genes remains constant 
B) half of the DNA in a cell comes from one parent and the other half from the other parent. 
C) the same process of DNA replication is used by all organisms 
D) the total amount of DNA within an individual remains the same 
E) each new DNA molecule is composed of one old strand and one new strand 
A) the number of nucleotides within genes remains constant 
B) half of the DNA in a cell comes from one parent and the other half from the other parent. 
C) the same process of DNA replication is used by all organisms 
D) the total amount of DNA within an individual remains the same 
E) each new DNA molecule is composed of one old strand and one new strand

Question 18

If a stretch of human double stranded DNA contains 47% G and C bases, then ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) it contains 47% A and T bases 
B) there are more pyrimidines than purines 
C) there are more purines than pyrimidines 
D) it contains 53% A and T bases 
E) there are no genes in this stretch of DNA 
A) it contains 47% A and T bases 
B) there are more pyrimidines than purines 
C) there are more purines than pyrimidines 
D) it contains 53% A and T bases 
E) there are no genes in this stretch of DNA

Question 19

In the Meselson-Stahl experiment, bacterial DNA was labeled completely with heavy nitrogen (15N)and then grown in the presence of light nitrogen (14N). When only mixed DNA was observed after ONE generation of growth in 14N, what was the conclusion?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA replication is semiconservative 
B) DNA replication is conservative 
C) DNA replication is dispersive 
D) DNA replication is either semiconservative or dispersive 
E) DNA replication is either semiconservative or conservative 
A) DNA replication is semiconservative 
B) DNA replication is conservative 
C) DNA replication is dispersive 
D) DNA replication is either semiconservative or dispersive 
E) DNA replication is either semiconservative or conservative

Question 20

The alteration of a cell's hereditary type by the uptake of DNA released by the breakdown of another cell is called ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) replication 
B) transformation 
C) crossing-over 
D) excision repair 
E) ligation 
A) replication 
B) transformation 
C) crossing-over 
D) excision repair 
E) ligation

Exam 14: DNA Structure, Replication, and Organization

In DNA, the pyrimidines are ____. ​

In humans, telomerase ____. ​

DNA polymerase ____. ​

In eukaryotes, the DNA molecule that comprises a chromosome is ____ and has ____ replication origin. ​

The T2 bacteriophages used in the Hershey and Chase experiment contain ____. ​

Cancer treatments may specifically target rapidly dividing cells by using drugs or chemicals that ____. ​

In their experiments to identify the transforming principle, Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty used enzymes that break down ____.

During normal DNA replication, part of the sequence at the ends of linear chromosomes is not copied into the new DNA strands because ____. ​

During DNA replication, the ____ strand is assembled in the ____ direction from helix unwinding and is synthesized by ____ replication. ​

Variability in offspring is largely a result of ____. ​

Adding nucleotides onto a growing DNA strand during DNA replication in cells occurs in ____. ​

DNA replication is said to be semiconservative because ____. ​

If a stretch of human double stranded DNA contains 47% G and C bases, then ____. ​

In the Meselson-Stahl experiment, bacterial DNA was labeled completely with heavy nitrogen (15N)and then grown in the presence of light nitrogen (14N). When only mixed DNA was observed after ONE generation of growth in 14N, what was the conclusion?

The alteration of a cell's hereditary type by the uptake of DNA released by the breakdown of another cell is called ____. ​

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

From DNA to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technologies: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

Filters

In DNA, the pyrimidines are ____.

In humans, telomerase ____.

DNA polymerase ____.

In eukaryotes, the DNA molecule that comprises a chromosome is and has replication origin.

The T2 bacteriophages used in the Hershey and Chase experiment contain ____.

Cancer treatments may specifically target rapidly dividing cells by using drugs or chemicals that ____.

During normal DNA replication, part of the sequence at the ends of linear chromosomes is not copied into the new DNA strands because ____.

During DNA replication, the strand is assembled in the direction from helix unwinding and is synthesized by replication.

Variability in offspring is largely a result of ____.

Adding nucleotides onto a growing DNA strand during DNA replication in cells occurs in ____.

DNA replication is said to be semiconservative because ____.

If a stretch of human double stranded DNA contains 47% G and C bases, then ____.

In the Meselson-Stahl experiment, bacterial DNA was labeled completely with heavy nitrogen (¹⁵N)and then grown in the presence of light nitrogen (¹⁴N). When only mixed DNA was observed after ONE generation of growth in ¹⁴N, what was the conclusion?

The alteration of a cell's hereditary type by the uptake of DNA released by the breakdown of another cell is called ____.