Question 1

During transcription, ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) double-stranded RNA chains are produced 
B) the entire DNA molecule is copied to RNA 
C) primase creates an RNA primer to start the RNA strand 
D) only one of the two DNA strands acts as a template 
E) protein is made from RNA 
A) double-stranded RNA chains are produced 
B) the entire DNA molecule is copied to RNA 
C) primase creates an RNA primer to start the RNA strand 
D) only one of the two DNA strands acts as a template 
E) protein is made from RNA

Question 2

The central dogma describes the flow of information of gene expression as ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) DNA RNA protein 
B) RNA DNA 
C) RNA DNA protein 
D) protein DNA RNA 
E) DNA protein RNA 
A) DNA RNA protein 
B) RNA DNA 
C) RNA DNA protein 
D) protein DNA RNA 
E) DNA protein RNA

Question 3

Substitution of one base pair for another in a coding region of a gene can result in a ____ mutation where the changed codon specifies a different amino acid. ​

Accepted Answer

A) missense 
B) chromosomal 
C) frameshift 
D) silent 
E) nonsense 
A) missense 
B) chromosomal 
C) frameshift 
D) silent 
E) nonsense

Question 4

Initiation factors are ____ that assist in the initiation of transcription. ​

Accepted Answer

A) mRNAs 
B) proteins 
C) tRNAs 
D) amino acids 
E) snRNPs 
A) mRNAs 
B) proteins 
C) tRNAs 
D) amino acids 
E) snRNPs

Question 5

Match between columns
                        Premises: Template strand

Accepted Answer

The Answer of  e and  d and  is...

Question 6

In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, the start codon (or initiator codon)is ____, which codes for the amino acid ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) UGA; proline 
B) UUU; phenylalanine 
C) AAA; lysine 
D) ACG; threonine 
E) AUG; methionine 
A) UGA; proline 
B) UUU; phenylalanine 
C) AAA; lysine 
D) ACG; threonine 
E) AUG; methionine

Question 7

A gene being transcribed uses transcription factors to recruit RNA polymerase II to the DNA at the promoter region. After the polymerase is recruited, transcription elongation occurs, and nucleotides are added to the transcript in the 5 ¢ 3 ¢ direction. How do you know that the gene being transcribed is not a prokaryotic gene? ​

Accepted Answer

A) In prokaryotes, the promoter comes after the transcription unit. 
B) Prokaryotes do not have promoters. 
C) In prokaryotes, nucleotides are added to the transcript in the 3 ¢ 5 ¢ direction. 
D) Prokaryotes use ribosomes rather than RNA polymerase to transcribe genes. ​ 
E) Prokaryotes do not use transcription factors to recruit RNA polymerase to the DNA. 
A) In prokaryotes, the promoter comes after the transcription unit. 
B) Prokaryotes do not have promoters. 
C) In prokaryotes, nucleotides are added to the transcript in the 3 ¢ 5 ¢ direction. 
D) Prokaryotes use ribosomes rather than RNA polymerase to transcribe genes. ​ 
E) Prokaryotes do not use transcription factors to recruit RNA polymerase to the DNA.

Question 8

DNA transposons move using a(n)____ intermediate while retrotransposons move using a(n)____ intermediate. ​

Accepted Answer

A) RNA; DNA 
B) DNA; protein 
C) DNA; snRNP 
D) DNA; RNA 
E) RNA; protein 
A) RNA; DNA 
B) DNA; protein 
C) DNA; snRNP 
D) DNA; RNA 
E) RNA; protein

Question 9

The formation of peptide bonds during translation is catalyzed by ____ found in the ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) RNA polymerase; large ribosomal subunit 
B) peptidyl transferase; small ribosomal subunit 
C) peptidyl transferase; large ribosomal subunit 
D) aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase; small ribosomal subunit 
E) aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase; tRNA 
A) RNA polymerase; large ribosomal subunit 
B) peptidyl transferase; small ribosomal subunit 
C) peptidyl transferase; large ribosomal subunit 
D) aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase; small ribosomal subunit 
E) aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase; tRNA

Question 10

Match between columns
                        Premises: TATA box

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Translation and Processing of pre-mRNA and Transcription is...

Question 11

The process of transcription refers to the use of information encoded in ____ to make ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) RNA; a complementary DNA copy 
B) DNA; a polypeptide 
C) DNA; a complementary RNA copy 
D) a polypeptide; RNA 
E) RNA; a polypeptide 
A) RNA; a complementary DNA copy 
B) DNA; a polypeptide 
C) DNA; a complementary RNA copy 
D) a polypeptide; RNA 
E) RNA; a polypeptide

Question 12

Describe the process of mRNA splicing.

Accepted Answer

First, snRNPs bind with sequences at the

Question 13

Helper proteins that assist in protein folding are called ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) snRNPs 
B) chaperones 
C) ribosomes 
D) spliceosomes 
E) polysomes 
A) snRNPs 
B) chaperones 
C) ribosomes 
D) spliceosomes 
E) polysomes

Question 14

​  
Use the table above for questions 67-69.
See the provided genetic code table. The start codon for translation directs incorporation of which amino acid? ​

Accepted Answer

A) lysine 
B) phenylalanine 
C) methionine 
D) glycine 
E) no amino acid is encoded; the start codon simply begins the process 
A) lysine 
B) phenylalanine 
C) methionine 
D) glycine 
E) no amino acid is encoded; the start codon simply begins the process

Question 15

Using the genetic code shown here, predict the amino acid sequence that would be produced from the following partial DNA sequence if the top strand is the template strand: 
3'-...TAC ACG TGG ACG TGA TTC TTA...-5' 
5'-...ATG TGC ACC TGC ACT AAG AAT...-3'

Accepted Answer

If the top strand is the template strand

Question 16

Which bases are found in RNA? ​

Accepted Answer

A) adenine and uracil only 
B) adenine, thymine, and cytosine only 
C) adenine, uracil, and cytosine only 
D) adenine, uracil, guanine, and cytosine 
E) adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine 
A) adenine and uracil only 
B) adenine, thymine, and cytosine only 
C) adenine, uracil, and cytosine only 
D) adenine, uracil, guanine, and cytosine 
E) adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine

Question 17

Match between columns
                        Premises: Signal peptidase

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Sorting proteins in cells and Processing of is...

Question 18

Protein-encoding genes in eukaryotes are transcribed by ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) RNA polymerase I 
B) RNA polymerase II 
C) RNA polymerase III 
D) either RNA polymerase I or III 
E) either RNA polymerase II or III 
A) RNA polymerase I 
B) RNA polymerase II 
C) RNA polymerase III 
D) either RNA polymerase I or III 
E) either RNA polymerase II or III

Question 19

Match between columns
                        Premises: Stop codon

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Amino-acid coding sequence retained in mature mRNA is...

Question 20

In an mRNA transcript, the 3' UTR refers to the region of the mRNA that is ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) upstream from the start codon 
B) upstream from the site for initiation of transcription 
C) downstream from the stop codon 
D) the coding region 
E) downstream from the site for termination of transcription 
A) upstream from the start codon 
B) upstream from the site for initiation of transcription 
C) downstream from the stop codon 
D) the coding region 
E) downstream from the site for termination of transcription

Exam 15: From DNA to Protein

During transcription, ____. ​

The central dogma describes the flow of information of gene expression as ____. ​

Substitution of one base pair for another in a coding region of a gene can result in a ____ mutation where the changed codon specifies a different amino acid. ​

Initiation factors are ____ that assist in the initiation of transcription. ​

In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, the start codon (or initiator codon)is ____, which codes for the amino acid ____. ​

DNA transposons move using a(n)____ intermediate while retrotransposons move using a(n)____ intermediate. ​

The formation of peptide bonds during translation is catalyzed by ____ found in the ____. ​

The process of transcription refers to the use of information encoded in ____ to make ____. ​

Describe the process of mRNA splicing.

Helper proteins that assist in protein folding are called ____. ​

​ Use the table above for questions 67-69. See the provided genetic code table. The start codon for translation directs incorporation of which amino acid? ​

Using the genetic code shown here, predict the amino acid sequence that would be produced from the following partial DNA sequence if the top strand is the template strand: 3'-...TAC ACG TGG ACG TGA TTC TTA...-5' 5'-...ATG TGC ACC TGC ACT AAG AAT...-3'

Which bases are found in RNA? ​

Protein-encoding genes in eukaryotes are transcribed by ____. ​

In an mRNA transcript, the 3' UTR refers to the region of the mRNA that is ____. ​

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

DNA Structure, Replication, and Organization

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technologies: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

Filters

During transcription, ____.

The central dogma describes the flow of information of gene expression as ____.

Substitution of one base pair for another in a coding region of a gene can result in a ____ mutation where the changed codon specifies a different amino acid.

Initiation factors are ____ that assist in the initiation of transcription.

In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, the start codon (or initiator codon)is , which codes for the amino acid .

DNA transposons move using a(n) intermediate while retrotransposons move using a(n) intermediate.

The formation of peptide bonds during translation is catalyzed by found in the .

The process of transcription refers to the use of information encoded in to make .

Helper proteins that assist in protein folding are called ____.

Use the table above for questions 67-69. See the provided genetic code table. The start codon for translation directs incorporation of which amino acid?

Which bases are found in RNA?

Protein-encoding genes in eukaryotes are transcribed by ____.

In an mRNA transcript, the 3' UTR refers to the region of the mRNA that is ____.