Question 1

Which of the following evolution-related events is in the correct cause-and-effect sequence? ​

Accepted Answer

A) mutation → variation → natural selection → adaptation → speciation 
B) variation → adaptation → mutation → natural selection → speciation 
C) speciation → adaptation → variation → mutation → natural selection 
D) mutation → speciation →adaptation → variation → natural selection 
E) natural selection → variation → mutation → adaptation → speciation 
A) mutation → variation → natural selection → adaptation → speciation 
B) variation → adaptation → mutation → natural selection → speciation 
C) speciation → adaptation → variation → mutation → natural selection 
D) mutation → speciation →adaptation → variation → natural selection 
E) natural selection → variation → mutation → adaptation → speciation

Question 2

Microevolution is ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) the appearance of a life form adapted to a new adaptive zone 
B) the formation of a new species 
C) the occurrence of a new mutation 
D) a change in allele frequencies within a population 
E) the gradual change in the form of fossils over geological time 
A) the appearance of a life form adapted to a new adaptive zone 
B) the formation of a new species 
C) the occurrence of a new mutation 
D) a change in allele frequencies within a population 
E) the gradual change in the form of fossils over geological time

Question 3

The process by which successful traits become more common in subsequent generations is called ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) speciation 
B) mutation 
C) natural selection 
D) genetic drift 
E) gene flow 
A) speciation 
B) mutation 
C) natural selection 
D) genetic drift 
E) gene flow

Question 4

Natural selection exerts little or no effect on traits that appear during an individual's ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) preadolescent years 
B) embryonic development 
C) juvenile phase 
D) postreproductive life 
E) reproductive life 
A) preadolescent years 
B) embryonic development 
C) juvenile phase 
D) postreproductive life 
E) reproductive life

Question 5

Distinguish between quantitative and qualitative variation.

Accepted Answer

Both types of variation descri

Question 6

How can harmful alleles persist in a population despite natural selection?

Accepted Answer

The diploid condition reduces the effect

Question 7

Andrew P. Hendry and colleagues discovered that Galápagos ground-finches with small bills and ground-finches with large bills were more common and had higher fitness than birds with bills of intermediate size, a demonstration of ____ selection. ​

Accepted Answer

A) disruptive 
B) directional 
C) stabilizing 
D) sexual 
E) artificial 
A) disruptive 
B) directional 
C) stabilizing 
D) sexual 
E) artificial

Question 8

When a few individuals colonize a distant locality and start a new population, the allele frequencies of the gene pool may be different than those in the original population. This is known as ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) the founder effect 
B) a population bottleneck 
C) genetic equilibrium 
D) the Hardy-Weinberg principle 
E) natural selection 
A) the founder effect 
B) a population bottleneck 
C) genetic equilibrium 
D) the Hardy-Weinberg principle 
E) natural selection

Question 9

The only survivors of a colony on Venus are a man and a woman, who both happen to originally be from southern Ukraine. Their descendants will show the effect of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) genetic drift 
B) punctuated equilibrium 
C) excessive mutation 
D) heterozygote advantage 
E) frequency-dependent selection 
A) genetic drift 
B) punctuated equilibrium 
C) excessive mutation 
D) heterozygote advantage 
E) frequency-dependent selection

Question 10

Microevolutionary change resulting from the differential survivorship or reproduction of individuals with different genotypes is known as ____.

Accepted Answer

A) nonrandom mating 
B) mutation 
C) gene flow 
D) natural selection 
E) genetic drift 
A) nonrandom mating 
B) mutation 
C) gene flow 
D) natural selection 
E) genetic drift

Question 11

Match between columns
                        Premises: stabilizing selection

Accepted Answer

The Answer of  C and  G and  is...

Question 12

The gallmaking fly larvae feeds on goldenrod plants, causing the plant tissue to produce a growth deformity called a gall. How does parasitism of small galls by wasps and predation of fly larvae in large galls by birds result in a higher percentage of medium sized galls?

Accepted Answer

If wasps preferentially parasitize fly l

Question 13

In the 1960s, evolutionary biologists identified protein polymorphisms using ____, which allowed them to infer how much genetic variation exists within populations.

Accepted Answer

A) genome sequencing 
B) gel electrophoresis 
C) artificial selection 
D) polymerase chain reactions 
E) DNA microarrays 
A) genome sequencing 
B) gel electrophoresis 
C) artificial selection 
D) polymerase chain reactions 
E) DNA microarrays

Question 14

In humans, ____ mutations cause forms of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome a disruption of collagen synthesis that may result in loose skin or weak joints. ​

Accepted Answer

A) frameshift 
B) deleterious 
C) advantageous 
D) lethal 
E) neutral 
A) frameshift 
B) deleterious 
C) advantageous 
D) lethal 
E) neutral

Question 15

The agent of microevolutionary change that is most likely to introduce genetic variation from another population is referred to as ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) genetic drift 
B) gene flow 
C) natural selection 
D) mutation 
E) nonrandom mating 
A) genetic drift 
B) gene flow 
C) natural selection 
D) mutation 
E) nonrandom mating

Question 16

With frequency-dependent selection, highest mortality can be expected in ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) the most abundant genotype 
B) the least abundant genotype 
C) the least well-adapted genotype 
D) heterozygous genotypes 
E) homozygous recessive genotypes 
A) the most abundant genotype 
B) the least abundant genotype 
C) the least well-adapted genotype 
D) heterozygous genotypes 
E) homozygous recessive genotypes

Question 17

John G. Swallow and his colleagues used ____ techniques to demonstrate that the observed differences in activity levels of house mice have a genetic basis.

Accepted Answer

A) artificial selection 
B) sexual selection 
C) random mating 
D) gel electrophoresis 
E) DNA sequencing 
A) artificial selection 
B) sexual selection 
C) random mating 
D) gel electrophoresis 
E) DNA sequencing

Question 18

The bipedal posture of humans evolved from ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) deleterious mutations 
B) a novel mutation 
C) quadrupedal ancestors 
D) bipedal ancestors 
E) flightless birds 
A) deleterious mutations 
B) a novel mutation 
C) quadrupedal ancestors 
D) bipedal ancestors 
E) flightless birds

Question 19

The phenomenon of chance events causing the allele frequencies in a population to change unpredictably is known as ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) genetic drift 
B) gene flow 
C) deleterious mutations 
D) nonrandom mating 
E) natural selection 
A) genetic drift 
B) gene flow 
C) deleterious mutations 
D) nonrandom mating 
E) natural selection

Question 20

In an isolated population of fruit flies, 4 percent of the individuals have pink eyes, a homozygous recessive condition, and 96 percent have the dominant black eye phenotype. What percentage of the population are heterozygotes? ​

Accepted Answer

A) 32% 
B) 16% 
C) 48% 
D) 88% 
E) 4% 
A) 32% 
B) 16% 
C) 48% 
D) 88% 
E) 4%

Exam 21: Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Which of the following evolution-related events is in the correct cause-and-effect sequence? ​

Microevolution is ____. ​

The process by which successful traits become more common in subsequent generations is called ____. ​

Natural selection exerts little or no effect on traits that appear during an individual's ____. ​

Distinguish between quantitative and qualitative variation.

How can harmful alleles persist in a population despite natural selection?

Andrew P. Hendry and colleagues discovered that Galápagos ground-finches with small bills and ground-finches with large bills were more common and had higher fitness than birds with bills of intermediate size, a demonstration of ____ selection. ​

When a few individuals colonize a distant locality and start a new population, the allele frequencies of the gene pool may be different than those in the original population. This is known as ____. ​

The only survivors of a colony on Venus are a man and a woman, who both happen to originally be from southern Ukraine. Their descendants will show the effect of ____.

Microevolutionary change resulting from the differential survivorship or reproduction of individuals with different genotypes is known as ____.

The gallmaking fly larvae feeds on goldenrod plants, causing the plant tissue to produce a growth deformity called a gall. How does parasitism of small galls by wasps and predation of fly larvae in large galls by birds result in a higher percentage of medium sized galls?

In the 1960s, evolutionary biologists identified protein polymorphisms using ____, which allowed them to infer how much genetic variation exists within populations.

In humans, ____ mutations cause forms of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome a disruption of collagen synthesis that may result in loose skin or weak joints. ​

The agent of microevolutionary change that is most likely to introduce genetic variation from another population is referred to as ____. ​

With frequency-dependent selection, highest mortality can be expected in ____. ​

John G. Swallow and his colleagues used ____ techniques to demonstrate that the observed differences in activity levels of house mice have a genetic basis.

The bipedal posture of humans evolved from ____. ​

The phenomenon of chance events causing the allele frequencies in a population to change unpredictably is known as ____. ​

In an isolated population of fruit flies, 4 percent of the individuals have pink eyes, a homozygous recessive condition, and 96 percent have the dominant black eye phenotype. What percentage of the population are heterozygotes? ​

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

DNA Structure, Replication, and Organization

From DNA to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technologies: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

Filters

Which of the following evolution-related events is in the correct cause-and-effect sequence?

Microevolution is ____.

The process by which successful traits become more common in subsequent generations is called ____.

Natural selection exerts little or no effect on traits that appear during an individual's ____.

Andrew P. Hendry and colleagues discovered that Galápagos ground-finches with small bills and ground-finches with large bills were more common and had higher fitness than birds with bills of intermediate size, a demonstration of ____ selection.

When a few individuals colonize a distant locality and start a new population, the allele frequencies of the gene pool may be different than those in the original population. This is known as ____.

In humans, ____ mutations cause forms of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome a disruption of collagen synthesis that may result in loose skin or weak joints.

The agent of microevolutionary change that is most likely to introduce genetic variation from another population is referred to as ____.

With frequency-dependent selection, highest mortality can be expected in ____.

The bipedal posture of humans evolved from ____.

The phenomenon of chance events causing the allele frequencies in a population to change unpredictably is known as ____.

In an isolated population of fruit flies, 4 percent of the individuals have pink eyes, a homozygous recessive condition, and 96 percent have the dominant black eye phenotype. What percentage of the population are heterozygotes?