Exam 21: Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Genetic variation can originate both from the production of new alleles and from the arrangement of existing alleles. ​

The Hardy-Weinberg formula is used to calculate changes in ____.

Most copies of rare recessive alleles exist in ____.  ​

The fossil record reveals that the structure of shoulder joints in birds, which is essential for flight, is an adaptation that originated in ____. ​

Snow geese usually select mates of their own color, an example of ____. ​

The stable presence of two or more phenotypes in a population is called a ____. ​

Changing environmental conditions would most likely cause an existing species to undergo ____. ​

Mendel inferred the genetic basis of ____, such as flower color in peas, by crossing plants with different phenotypes. ​

Genetic drift is non-selective and therefore does not contribute to microevolution. ​

The success of camouflage from predatory birds drives the predominant phenotypes in snail color. This is an example of ____. ​

Dog breeders produced the long body and short legs of a dachshund by employing ____ selection. ​

Characters that exist in two or more discrete states are described as exhibiting ____.

On occasion, a stressful factor such as disease, starvation, or drought kills a large proportion of the individuals in a population, producing ____ that dramatically reduces the population size. ​

Sometimes the most abundant color form of an animal is preyed upon more extensively than less common forms. This illustrates the phenomenon of ____ selection. ​

If there are two alleles for a gene in a population, and the frequency of the dominant allele (p)is .5, then the frequency of the recessive allele (q)is ____.

The accumulation of traits that increase the relative fitness of organisms in their environment over time results in ____. ​