Question 1

The concentration of ____ has the greatest influence on the regulation of breathing rate. ​

Accepted Answer

A) O2 
B) CO2 
C) H+ 
D) N2 
E) CO 
A) O2 
B) CO2 
C) H+ 
D) N2 
E) CO

Question 2

O2 is transported from air in the lungs into the blood through the process of ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) active transport ​ 
B) simple diffusion 
C) facilitated diffusion 
D) osmosis 
E) active transport 
A) active transport ​ 
B) simple diffusion 
C) facilitated diffusion 
D) osmosis 
E) active transport

Question 3

The function of carbonic anhydrase is to increase the rate ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) of conversion of CO2 and H2O into HCO3  -  and H+ ​ 
B) of conversion of HCO3  -  and H+ into CO2 and H2O 
C) at which CO2 binds to hemoglobin 
D) at which O2 binds to hemoglobin 
E) of conversion of HCO3  -  and H+ into CO2 and H2O, and the rate at which CO2 binds to hemoglobin 
A) of conversion of CO2 and H2O into HCO3  -  and H+ ​ 
B) of conversion of HCO3  -  and H+ into CO2 and H2O 
C) at which CO2 binds to hemoglobin 
D) at which O2 binds to hemoglobin 
E) of conversion of HCO3  -  and H+ into CO2 and H2O, and the rate at which CO2 binds to hemoglobin

Question 4

Which mechanism is used to encourage the movement of water over gills? ​

Accepted Answer

A) beating of cilia 
B) contraction of the diaphragm 
C) relaxation of a muscular mantle 
D) a fish swimming with its mouth closed 
E) relaxation of body muscles 
A) beating of cilia 
B) contraction of the diaphragm 
C) relaxation of a muscular mantle 
D) a fish swimming with its mouth closed 
E) relaxation of body muscles

Question 5

Match between columns
                        Premises: pleura

Accepted Answer

The Answer of 9 and 1 and 3 and 7 is...

Question 6

Some deer mice are physiologically adapted to live at high altitudes because ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) adults maintain fetal forms of hemoglobin 
B) of mutations in hemoglobin that increase its oxygen-binding affinity 
C) of mutations in myoglobin that increase its oxygen-binding affinity 
D) of mutations that increase heart rates 
E) of mutations that decrease heart rates 
A) adults maintain fetal forms of hemoglobin 
B) of mutations in hemoglobin that increase its oxygen-binding affinity 
C) of mutations in myoglobin that increase its oxygen-binding affinity 
D) of mutations that increase heart rates 
E) of mutations that decrease heart rates

Question 7

Which event occurs in the lungs? ​

Accepted Answer

A) Free H+ binds to hemoglobin. 
B) Plasma HCO3  -  enters erythrocytes. 
C) CO2 and H2O are converted into HCO3  -  and H+ in the plasma. 
D) Carbonic anhydrase converts CO2 and H2O into HCO3  -  and H+ in erythrocytes. 
E) CO2 binds to hemoglobin. 
A) Free H+ binds to hemoglobin. 
B) Plasma HCO3  -  enters erythrocytes. 
C) CO2 and H2O are converted into HCO3  -  and H+ in the plasma. 
D) Carbonic anhydrase converts CO2 and H2O into HCO3  -  and H+ in erythrocytes. 
E) CO2 binds to hemoglobin.

Question 8

The process of ____ is the exchange of gases between a respiratory surface and the circulatory system. ​

Accepted Answer

A) ventilation 
B) cellular respiration 
C) perfusion 
D) bulk flow 
E) physiological respiration 
A) ventilation 
B) cellular respiration 
C) perfusion 
D) bulk flow 
E) physiological respiration

Question 9

The ____ changes during exercise. ​

Accepted Answer

A) residual volume 
B) tidal volume 
C) vital capacity 
D) lung capacity 
E) lung volume 
A) residual volume 
B) tidal volume 
C) vital capacity 
D) lung capacity 
E) lung volume

Question 10

The ____ stimulates forceful inhalation and exhalation. ​

Accepted Answer

A) ventral interneuron group 
B) pons interneuron groups 
C) carotid bodies 
D) dorsal respiratory group 
E) aortic bodies 
A) ventral interneuron group 
B) pons interneuron groups 
C) carotid bodies 
D) dorsal respiratory group 
E) aortic bodies

Question 11

The primary muscle(s)involved in human breathing is/are the ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) external intercostals ​ 
B) internal intercostals 
C) diaphragm 
D) abdominal wall 
E) lung 
A) external intercostals ​ 
B) internal intercostals 
C) diaphragm 
D) abdominal wall 
E) lung

Question 12

As altitude increases, ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) PO2 increases ​ 
B) PO2 decreases 
C) PCO2 increases 
D) PCO2 decreases 
E) PN2 increases 
A) PO2 increases ​ 
B) PO2 decreases 
C) PCO2 increases 
D) PCO2 decreases 
E) PN2 increases

Question 13

Which animal uses positive pressure breathing to ventilate its lungs? ​

Accepted Answer

A) human ​ 
B) lizard 
C) bird 
D) cat 
E) salamander 
A) human ​ 
B) lizard 
C) bird 
D) cat 
E) salamander

Question 14

When the diaphragm contracts , it moves up into the thoracic cavity, thereby decreasing its volume. ​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A ____ uses air sacs to ventilate its lungs. ​

Accepted Answer

A) human ​ 
B) bird 
C) frog 
D) reptile 
E) horse 
A) human ​ 
B) bird 
C) frog 
D) reptile 
E) horse

Question 16

A larynx is found at the beginning of each insect trachea. ​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Respiratory neurons from the dissected brainstem of a neonatal rodent can maintain rhythmic firing for ____ hours. ​

Accepted Answer

A) 0.5 
B) 1.0 
C) 4.5 
D) 6.0 
E) 8.5 
A) 0.5 
B) 1.0 
C) 4.5 
D) 6.0 
E) 8.5

Question 18

Describe three adaptations that enhance the function of a respiratory surface. ​

Accepted Answer

Gas diffusion can be enhanced across a r

Question 19

Humans ventilate their lungs by negative pressure breathing . ​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Figure 46.2 
Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Llamas, which are customarily known as mountain dwellers, have hemoglobin with higher O2 binding affinity than that of humans. How would the llama hemoglobin-O2 dissociation curve differ from that of a human? ​

Accepted Answer

The slope of the llama hemoglobin-O₂ diss

Exam 46: Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

The concentration of ____ has the greatest influence on the regulation of breathing rate. ​

O2 is transported from air in the lungs into the blood through the process of ____. ​

The function of carbonic anhydrase is to increase the rate ____. ​

Which mechanism is used to encourage the movement of water over gills? ​

Some deer mice are physiologically adapted to live at high altitudes because ____. ​

Which event occurs in the lungs? ​

The process of ____ is the exchange of gases between a respiratory surface and the circulatory system. ​

The ____ changes during exercise. ​

The ____ stimulates forceful inhalation and exhalation. ​

The primary muscle(s)involved in human breathing is/are the ____. ​

As altitude increases, ____. ​

Which animal uses positive pressure breathing to ventilate its lungs? ​

When the diaphragm contracts , it moves up into the thoracic cavity, thereby decreasing its volume. ​

A ____ uses air sacs to ventilate its lungs. ​

A larynx is found at the beginning of each insect trachea. ​

Respiratory neurons from the dissected brainstem of a neonatal rodent can maintain rhythmic firing for ____ hours. ​

Describe three adaptations that enhance the function of a respiratory surface. ​

Humans ventilate their lungs by negative pressure breathing . ​

Figure 46.2 Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Llamas, which are customarily known as mountain dwellers, have hemoglobin with higher O2 binding affinity than that of humans. How would the llama hemoglobin-O2 dissociation curve differ from that of a human? ​

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

DNA Structure, Replication, and Organization

From DNA to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technologies: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

Filters

The concentration of ____ has the greatest influence on the regulation of breathing rate.

O₂ is transported from air in the lungs into the blood through the process of ____.

The function of carbonic anhydrase is to increase the rate ____.

Which mechanism is used to encourage the movement of water over gills?

Some deer mice are physiologically adapted to live at high altitudes because ____.

Which event occurs in the lungs?

The process of ____ is the exchange of gases between a respiratory surface and the circulatory system.

The ____ changes during exercise.

The ____ stimulates forceful inhalation and exhalation.

The primary muscle(s)involved in human breathing is/are the ____.

As altitude increases, ____.

Which animal uses positive pressure breathing to ventilate its lungs?

When the diaphragm contracts , it moves up into the thoracic cavity, thereby decreasing its volume.

A ____ uses air sacs to ventilate its lungs.

A larynx is found at the beginning of each insect trachea.

Respiratory neurons from the dissected brainstem of a neonatal rodent can maintain rhythmic firing for ____ hours.

Describe three adaptations that enhance the function of a respiratory surface.

Humans ventilate their lungs by negative pressure breathing .

Figure 46.2 Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Llamas, which are customarily known as mountain dwellers, have hemoglobin with higher O₂ binding affinity than that of humans. How would the llama hemoglobin-O₂ dissociation curve differ from that of a human?