Exam 16: Motivating Employees

Tim is a manager at Chuck's Construction. He sees little opportunity for advancement at Chuck's Construction, regardless of how well he performs. Which of the following expectancies is low for Tim?

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, freedom from violence is an example of physiological needs.

There are several accepted theories that explain how people decide which behavioral actions meet their needs and assess whether their choices are successful. Three process theories are goal setting, equity, and expectancy. In a short essay, choose one process theory and argue why it is most effective in energizing and motivating workers.

Which of the following is the administration of a pleasant and rewarding consequence following a desired behavior?

Which component of goal-setting theory means that people get information about how well they are doing in progressing toward goal achievement?

Employee stock ownership plans give employees part ownership of the company, enabling them to share in improved profits.

__________ is the name given to the set of techniques by which reinforcement theory is used to modify human behavior.

Describe the four elements that enable employees to become empowered.

__________ is a major part of the job characteristics model.

Samuel, a sales associate at an electronics store, learns that his base pay is higher than any other sales associate in the store. He justifies his higher salary to the idea that he must be a top sales associate, generating more revenue than anyone else. This example demonstrates which method for reducing perceived inequity?

The job characteristic of autonomy influences the worker's experiencing meaningfulness of work.

The desire to form close personal relationships, avoid conflict, and establish warm friendships describes:

Katie dislikes almost everything about her job. The only reason she continues to work at Mace Autobody is the excellent benefits package she receives. Katie is motivated by:

Valence is the value of outcomes, or attraction to outcomes, for the individual.

Highroller Casinos provides good salaries and benefits, including bonuses of up to 25 percent of annual salaries. However, the company has been criticized for not establishing an achievement or recognition program for its employees. Which of the following best describes the company in terms of the two-factor theory?

__________explain how people select behavioral actions to meet their needs and determine whether their choices were successful.

__________proposes that managers can increase motivation and enhance performance by setting specific, challenging goals, and then helping people track their progress toward goal achievement by providing timely feedback.

Explain employee growth-need strength and its relationship to the job characteristics model.

__________ theory focuses on individuals' perceptions of how fairly they are treated relative to others.

Explain how Alderfer's ERG theory is both similar to and different from Maslow's needs hierarchy.