Question 1

Which of the following could be considered an evolutionary advantage of asexual reproduction in plants?

Accepted Answer

A) increased success of progeny in a stable environment 
B) increased agricultural productivity in a rapidly changing environment 
C) maintenance and expansion of a large genome 
D) production of numerous progeny 
E) increased ability to adapt to a change in the environment 
A) increased success of progeny in a stable environment 
B) increased agricultural productivity in a rapidly changing environment 
C) maintenance and expansion of a large genome 
D) production of numerous progeny 
E) increased ability to adapt to a change in the environment A

Question 2

Some dioecious species have the XY genotype for male and XX for female. After double fertilization, what would be the genotypes of the embryos and endosperm nuclei?

Accepted Answer

A) embryo X/endosperm XX or embryo Y/endosperm XY 
B) embryo XX/endosperm XX or embryo XY/endosperm XY 
C) embryo XX/endosperm XXX or embryo XY/endosperm XYY 
D) embryo XX/endosperm XXX or embryo XY/endosperm XXY 
E) embryo XY/endosperm XXX or embryo XX/endosperm XXY 
A) embryo X/endosperm XX or embryo Y/endosperm XY 
B) embryo XX/endosperm XX or embryo XY/endosperm XY 
C) embryo XX/endosperm XXX or embryo XY/endosperm XYY 
D) embryo XX/endosperm XXX or embryo XY/endosperm XXY 
E) embryo XY/endosperm XXX or embryo XX/endosperm XXY C

Question 3

The following questions refer to the diagram of an embryo sac of an angiosperm shown below.
  
-What is the function of the triploid endosperm?

Accepted Answer

A) to produce sperm for fertilization 
B) to be the food-storing tissue of the seed 
C) to absorb water for the developing seed 
D) to divide meiotically to produce 3 haploid gametes 
E) to produce the seed coat 
A) to produce sperm for fertilization 
B) to be the food-storing tissue of the seed 
C) to absorb water for the developing seed 
D) to divide meiotically to produce 3 haploid gametes 
E) to produce the seed coat B

Question 4

Which of the following is the correct order of floral organs from the outside to the inside of a complete flower?

Accepted Answer

A) petals → sepals → stamens → carpels 
B) sepals → stamens → petals → carpels 
C) spores → gametes → zygote → embryo 
D) sepals → petals → stamens → carpels 
E) male gametophyte → female gametophyte → sepals → petals 
A) petals → sepals → stamens → carpels 
B) sepals → stamens → petals → carpels 
C) spores → gametes → zygote → embryo 
D) sepals → petals → stamens → carpels 
E) male gametophyte → female gametophyte → sepals → petals

Question 5

The ovary is most often located on/in the

Accepted Answer

A) stamen. 
B) carpel. 
C) petals. 
D) sepals. 
E) receptacle. 
A) stamen. 
B) carpel. 
C) petals. 
D) sepals. 
E) receptacle.

Question 6

All of the following floral parts are involved in pollination or fertilization except the

Accepted Answer

A) stamen. 
B) carpel. 
C) petals. 
D) sepals. 
E) receptacle. 
A) stamen. 
B) carpel. 
C) petals. 
D) sepals. 
E) receptacle.

Question 7

Which of the following is proving to be the most difficult task for plant breeders regardless of the techniques they use for crop improvement due to the complexity of the metabolic pathways involved?

Accepted Answer

A) insect resistance 
B) nitrogen fixation 
C) herbicide resistance 
D) improved nutritional quality 
E) virus resistance 
A) insect resistance 
B) nitrogen fixation 
C) herbicide resistance 
D) improved nutritional quality 
E) virus resistance

Question 8

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
Millions of people suffer from hunger and malnutrition. With artificial selection, farmers have improved the yields of many agricultural crops. More recently, plant biotechnology/genetic engineering has been suggested as a means to further improve crops and combat hunger.
-Golden rice is one example of a transgenic crop that produces beta carotene, a precursor for vitamin A. Golden rice has the potential to decrease blindness in populations that are suffering from vitamin A deficiency. What are some possible alternatives for people to consume adequate amounts of vitamin A?

Accepted Answer

A) provide and encourage people to consume higher quantities of polished rice 
B) provide and encourage people to consume unpolished rice 
C) provide and encourage people to consume leafy greens and local fruits naturally high in vitamin A 
D) keep genetically modifying rice to make it produce higher amounts of beta carotene 
E) B and C 
A) provide and encourage people to consume higher quantities of polished rice 
B) provide and encourage people to consume unpolished rice 
C) provide and encourage people to consume leafy greens and local fruits naturally high in vitamin A 
D) keep genetically modifying rice to make it produce higher amounts of beta carotene 
E) B and C

Question 9

Which of the following occurs in an angiosperm ovule?

Accepted Answer

A) An antheridium forms from the megasporophyte. 
B) A megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosis. 
C) The egg nucleus is usually diploid. 
D) A pollen tube emerges to accept pollen after pollination. 
E) The endosperm surrounds the megaspore mother cell. 
A) An antheridium forms from the megasporophyte. 
B) A megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosis. 
C) The egg nucleus is usually diploid. 
D) A pollen tube emerges to accept pollen after pollination. 
E) The endosperm surrounds the megaspore mother cell.

Question 10

All of the following are primary functions of flowers except

Accepted Answer

A) pollen production. 
B) photosynthesis. 
C) meiosis. 
D) egg production. 
E) sexual reproduction. 
A) pollen production. 
B) photosynthesis. 
C) meiosis. 
D) egg production. 
E) sexual reproduction.

Question 11

Regardless of where in the world a vineyard is located, in order for the winery to produce a Burgundy, it must use varietal grapes that originated in Burgundy, France. The most effective way for a new California grower to plant a vineyard to produce Burgundy is to

Accepted Answer

A) plant seeds obtained from French varietal Burgundy grapes. 
B) transplant varietal Burgundy plants from France. 
C) acquire a tissue culture of varietal Burgundy grapes from France. 
D) cross French Burgundy grapes with native American grapes. 
E) graft varietal Burgundy grape scions onto native (Californian)root stocks. 
A) plant seeds obtained from French varietal Burgundy grapes. 
B) transplant varietal Burgundy plants from France. 
C) acquire a tissue culture of varietal Burgundy grapes from France. 
D) cross French Burgundy grapes with native American grapes. 
E) graft varietal Burgundy grape scions onto native (Californian)root stocks.

Question 12

When comparing the mature seeds of a pine tree to an apple tree, which of the following is a correct statement?

Accepted Answer

A) The developmental sequences postfertilization are identical. 
B) Both contain triploid tissue. 
C) The nutritive tissues are both haploid. 
D) Only the apple seed has a diploid seed coat. 
E) Both contain haploid and diploid tissues. 
A) The developmental sequences postfertilization are identical. 
B) Both contain triploid tissue. 
C) The nutritive tissues are both haploid. 
D) Only the apple seed has a diploid seed coat. 
E) Both contain haploid and diploid tissues.

Question 13

Genetic incompatibility does not affect the

Accepted Answer

A) attraction of a suitable insect pollinator. 
B) germination of the pollen on the stigma. 
C) growth of the pollen tube in the style. 
D) membrane permeability of cells. 
E) different individuals of the same species. 
A) attraction of a suitable insect pollinator. 
B) germination of the pollen on the stigma. 
C) growth of the pollen tube in the style. 
D) membrane permeability of cells. 
E) different individuals of the same species.

Question 14

Recent research has shown that pollination requires that carpels recognize pollen grains as "self or nonself." For self-incompatibility, the system requires

Accepted Answer

A) the rejection of nonself cells. 
B) the rejection of self cells. 
C) carpel incompatibility with the egg cells. 
D) that the flowers be incomplete. 
E) the union of genetically identical sperm and egg cells. 
A) the rejection of nonself cells. 
B) the rejection of self cells. 
C) carpel incompatibility with the egg cells. 
D) that the flowers be incomplete. 
E) the union of genetically identical sperm and egg cells.

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct sequence during the alternation of generations life cycle in a flowering plant?

Accepted Answer

A) sporophyte → meiosis → gametophyte → gametes → fertilization → diploid zygote 
B) sporophyte → mitosis → gametophyte → meiosis → sporophyte 
C) haploid gametophyte → gametes → meiosis → fertilization → diploid sporophyte 
D) sporophyte → spores → meiosis → gametophyte → gametes 
E) haploid sporophyte → spores → fertilization → diploid gametophyte 
A) sporophyte → meiosis → gametophyte → gametes → fertilization → diploid zygote 
B) sporophyte → mitosis → gametophyte → meiosis → sporophyte 
C) haploid gametophyte → gametes → meiosis → fertilization → diploid sporophyte 
D) sporophyte → spores → meiosis → gametophyte → gametes 
E) haploid sporophyte → spores → fertilization → diploid gametophyte

Question 16

The following questions refer to the diagram of an embryo sac of an angiosperm shown below.
  
-Based on the above figure, which cell(s), after fertilization, give(s)rise to the embryo plant?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 17

Carpellate flowers

Accepted Answer

A) are perfect. 
B) are complete. 
C) produce pollen. 
D) are found only on dioecious plants. 
E) develop into fruits. 
A) are perfect. 
B) are complete. 
C) produce pollen. 
D) are found only on dioecious plants. 
E) develop into fruits.

Question 18

One disadvantage of monoculture is that

Accepted Answer

A) the whole crop ripens at the same time. 
B) genetic uniformity makes a crop more vulnerable to a new pest or disease. 
C) it predominantly uses vegetative propagation. 
D) most grain crops self-pollinate. 
E) it allows for the cultivation of large areas of land. 
A) the whole crop ripens at the same time. 
B) genetic uniformity makes a crop more vulnerable to a new pest or disease. 
C) it predominantly uses vegetative propagation. 
D) most grain crops self-pollinate. 
E) it allows for the cultivation of large areas of land.

Question 19

A mature, unfertilized ovule in an angiosperm is the result of

Accepted Answer

A) a single meiotic division. 
B) a single mitotic division. 
C) both meiotic and mitotic divisions. 
D) mitosis from the megaspore mother cell. 
E) differentiation from the suspensor tissues. 
A) a single meiotic division. 
B) a single mitotic division. 
C) both meiotic and mitotic divisions. 
D) mitosis from the megaspore mother cell. 
E) differentiation from the suspensor tissues.

Question 20

Based on studies of plant evolution and anatomy, which flower part is least likely to have evolved from a leaf?

Accepted Answer

A) stamen 
B) carpel 
C) petals 
D) sepals 
E) receptacle 
A) stamen 
B) carpel 
C) petals 
D) sepals 
E) receptacle

Exam 38: Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Which of the following could be considered an evolutionary advantage of asexual reproduction in plants?

Some dioecious species have the XY genotype for male and XX for female. After double fertilization, what would be the genotypes of the embryos and endosperm nuclei?

The following questions refer to the diagram of an embryo sac of an angiosperm shown below. -What is the function of the triploid endosperm?

Which of the following is the correct order of floral organs from the outside to the inside of a complete flower?

The ovary is most often located on/in the

All of the following floral parts are involved in pollination or fertilization except the

Which of the following is proving to be the most difficult task for plant breeders regardless of the techniques they use for crop improvement due to the complexity of the metabolic pathways involved?

Which of the following occurs in an angiosperm ovule?

All of the following are primary functions of flowers except

Regardless of where in the world a vineyard is located, in order for the winery to produce a Burgundy, it must use varietal grapes that originated in Burgundy, France. The most effective way for a new California grower to plant a vineyard to produce Burgundy is to

When comparing the mature seeds of a pine tree to an apple tree, which of the following is a correct statement?

Genetic incompatibility does not affect the

Recent research has shown that pollination requires that carpels recognize pollen grains as "self or nonself." For self-incompatibility, the system requires

Which of the following is the correct sequence during the alternation of generations life cycle in a flowering plant?

The following questions refer to the diagram of an embryo sac of an angiosperm shown below. -Based on the above figure, which cell(s), after fertilization, give(s)rise to the embryo plant?

Carpellate flowers

One disadvantage of monoculture is that

A mature, unfertilized ovule in an angiosperm is the result of

Based on studies of plant evolution and anatomy, which flower part is least likely to have evolved from a leaf?

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Dna Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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