Question 1

The regulation of body temperature derives from the activity of the

Accepted Answer

A) cerebrum. 
B) cerebellum. 
C) thalamus. 
D) hypothalamus. 
E) medulla oblongata. 
A) cerebrum. 
B) cerebellum. 
C) thalamus. 
D) hypothalamus. 
E) medulla oblongata. D

Question 2

The human knee-jerk reflex requires an intact

Accepted Answer

A) spinal cord. 
B) hypothalamus. 
C) corpus callosum. 
D) cerebellum. 
E) medulla. 
A) spinal cord. 
B) hypothalamus. 
C) corpus callosum. 
D) cerebellum. 
E) medulla. A

Question 3

The endogenous nature of biological rhythms is based on the observations that animals isolated from light and dark cues

Accepted Answer

A) continue to have cycles of exactly 24 hours' duration. 
B) continue to have cycles of approximately 24 hours' duration; some more rapid, some slower. 
C) synchronize activity with whatever lighting cycle is imposed on them. 
D) cease having any rhythms. 
E) are independent of any genetic determinants. 
A) continue to have cycles of exactly 24 hours' duration. 
B) continue to have cycles of approximately 24 hours' duration; some more rapid, some slower. 
C) synchronize activity with whatever lighting cycle is imposed on them. 
D) cease having any rhythms. 
E) are independent of any genetic determinants. B

Question 4

Bipolar disorder is similar to schizophrenia in that researchers suspect that both include trouble with the neurotransmitter

Accepted Answer

A) dopamine. 
B) acetylcholine. 
C) norepinephrine. 
D) nitric oxide. 
E) ethanol. 
A) dopamine. 
B) acetylcholine. 
C) norepinephrine. 
D) nitric oxide. 
E) ethanol.

Question 5

Cerebrospinal fluid can be described as all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) functioning in transport of nutrients and hormones through the brain. 
B) a product of the filtration of blood in the brain. 
C) formed from layers of connective tissue. 
D) functioning to cushion the brain. 
E) filling cavities in the brain called ventricles. 
A) functioning in transport of nutrients and hormones through the brain. 
B) a product of the filtration of blood in the brain. 
C) formed from layers of connective tissue. 
D) functioning to cushion the brain. 
E) filling cavities in the brain called ventricles.

Question 6

Use the following information to answer the next few questions.
While deployed to Agfanistan, a soldier steps on a landmine and loses the lower portion of his right leg and also sustains a substantial brain injury. In time, doctors observe that the soldier is not acquiring new long-term memories since the explosion occurred; however, his recollection of times previous to the explosion is impeccable. Sometimes the soldier can feel a tingling sensation in his missing limb.
-With regard to memory, which region of the brain has been affected by the explosion?

Accepted Answer

A) somatosensory cortex 
B) hippocampus 
C) pallium 
D) Wernicke's area 
E) parietal lobe 
A) somatosensory cortex 
B) hippocampus 
C) pallium 
D) Wernicke's area 
E) parietal lobe

Question 7

Which animal would you expect to have the most sophisticated nervous system organization?

Accepted Answer

A) anemone 
B) oyster 
C) clam 
D) octopus 
E) chiton 
A) anemone 
B) oyster 
C) clam 
D) octopus 
E) chiton

Question 8

The blood-brain barrier

Accepted Answer

A) is formed by tight junctions. 
B) is formed by oligodendrocytes. 
C) tightly regulates the intracellular environment of the CNS. 
D) uses chemical signals to communicate with the spinal cord. 
E) provides support to the brain tissue. 
A) is formed by tight junctions. 
B) is formed by oligodendrocytes. 
C) tightly regulates the intracellular environment of the CNS. 
D) uses chemical signals to communicate with the spinal cord. 
E) provides support to the brain tissue.

Question 9

When Phineas Gage had a metal rod driven into his frontal lobe, or when someone had a frontal lobotomy, they would

Accepted Answer

A) lose the ability to reason. 
B) lose all short-term memory. 
C) have greatly altered emotional responses. 
D) lose all long-term memory. 
E) lose their sense of balance. 
A) lose the ability to reason. 
B) lose all short-term memory. 
C) have greatly altered emotional responses. 
D) lose all long-term memory. 
E) lose their sense of balance.

Question 10

If you were writing an essay, the part of your brain that would be actively involved in this task would be the

Accepted Answer

A) temporal and frontal lobes. 
B) parietal lobe. 
C) Broca's area. 
D) Wernicke's area. 
E) occipital lobe. 
A) temporal and frontal lobes. 
B) parietal lobe. 
C) Broca's area. 
D) Wernicke's area. 
E) occipital lobe.

Question 11

Failure of an embryonic neuron to establish a synaptic connection to another cell

Accepted Answer

A) converts that neuron to an ependymal cell. 
B) causes the neuron to migrate to another part of the brain. 
C) converts that neuron to a glial cell. 
D) leads to Alzheimer's disease. 
E) results in the apoptosis of that neuron. 
A) converts that neuron to an ependymal cell. 
B) causes the neuron to migrate to another part of the brain. 
C) converts that neuron to a glial cell. 
D) leads to Alzheimer's disease. 
E) results in the apoptosis of that neuron.

Question 12

Increases and decreases of the heart rate result from changes in the activity of the

Accepted Answer

A) corpus callosum. 
B) medulla oblongata. 
C) thalamus. 
D) pituitary. 
E) cerebellum. 
A) corpus callosum. 
B) medulla oblongata. 
C) thalamus. 
D) pituitary. 
E) cerebellum.

Question 13

The cerebrospinal fluid is

Accepted Answer

A) a filtrate of the blood. 
B) a secretion of glial cells. 
C) a secretion of interneurons. 
D) cytosol secreted from ependymal cells. 
E) secreted by the hypothalamus. 
A) a filtrate of the blood. 
B) a secretion of glial cells. 
C) a secretion of interneurons. 
D) cytosol secreted from ependymal cells. 
E) secreted by the hypothalamus.

Question 14

Refer to the following illustration of the limbic system to help answer the next few questions.
  
-In the figure, which letter points to the amygdala?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 15

Exercise and emergency reactions include

Accepted Answer

A) increased activity in all parts of the peripheral nervous system. 
B) increased activity in the sympathetic, and decreased activity in the parasympathetic, branches. 
C) decreased activity in the sympathetic, and increased activity in the parasympathetic, branches. 
D) increased activity in the enteric nervous system. 
E) reduced heart rate and blood pressure. 
A) increased activity in all parts of the peripheral nervous system. 
B) increased activity in the sympathetic, and decreased activity in the parasympathetic, branches. 
C) decreased activity in the sympathetic, and increased activity in the parasympathetic, branches. 
D) increased activity in the enteric nervous system. 
E) reduced heart rate and blood pressure.

Question 16

In the human knee-jerk reflex, as the calf is raised from the vertical toward the horizontal, the muscles of the quadriceps (flexors on the ventral side of the thighs)and the muscles of the hamstring (extensors on the dorsal side of the thighs)are

Accepted Answer

A) both excited and contracting. 
B) both inhibited and relaxed. 
C) excited and inhibited, respectively. 
D) inhibited and excited, respectively. 
A) both excited and contracting. 
B) both inhibited and relaxed. 
C) excited and inhibited, respectively. 
D) inhibited and excited, respectively.

Question 17

Increased activity in the sympathetic nervous system leads to

Accepted Answer

A) decreased heart rate. 
B) increased secretion by the pancreas. 
C) increased secretion by the gallbladder. 
D) increased contraction of the stomach. 
E) relaxation of the airways in the lungs. 
A) decreased heart rate. 
B) increased secretion by the pancreas. 
C) increased secretion by the gallbladder. 
D) increased contraction of the stomach. 
E) relaxation of the airways in the lungs.

Question 18

The activation of the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system is associated with

Accepted Answer

A) resting and digesting. 
B) release of epinephrine into the blood. 
C) increased metabolic rate. 
D) fight-or-flight responses. 
E) intensive aerobic exercise. 
A) resting and digesting. 
B) release of epinephrine into the blood. 
C) increased metabolic rate. 
D) fight-or-flight responses. 
E) intensive aerobic exercise.

Question 19

Which of the following shows a brain structure correctly paired with one of its primary functions?

Accepted Answer

A) frontal lobe-decision making 
B) occipital lobe-control of skeletal muscles 
C) temporal lobe-visual processing 
D) cerebellum-language comprehension 
E) occipital lobe-speech production 
A) frontal lobe-decision making 
B) occipital lobe-control of skeletal muscles 
C) temporal lobe-visual processing 
D) cerebellum-language comprehension 
E) occipital lobe-speech production

Question 20

The stretch receptors of the sensory neurons in the human knee-jerk reflex are located in the

Accepted Answer

A) gastrocnemius muscle, in the calf. 
B) cartilage of the knee. 
C) quadriceps, the flexor muscles on the ventral side of the thighs. 
D) hamstring, the extensor muscles on the dorsal side of the thighs. 
E) brain, the sensorimotor relay. 
A) gastrocnemius muscle, in the calf. 
B) cartilage of the knee. 
C) quadriceps, the flexor muscles on the ventral side of the thighs. 
D) hamstring, the extensor muscles on the dorsal side of the thighs. 
E) brain, the sensorimotor relay.

Exam 49: Nervous Systems

The regulation of body temperature derives from the activity of the

The human knee-jerk reflex requires an intact

The endogenous nature of biological rhythms is based on the observations that animals isolated from light and dark cues

Bipolar disorder is similar to schizophrenia in that researchers suspect that both include trouble with the neurotransmitter

Cerebrospinal fluid can be described as all of the following except

Which animal would you expect to have the most sophisticated nervous system organization?

The blood-brain barrier

When Phineas Gage had a metal rod driven into his frontal lobe, or when someone had a frontal lobotomy, they would

If you were writing an essay, the part of your brain that would be actively involved in this task would be the

Failure of an embryonic neuron to establish a synaptic connection to another cell

Increases and decreases of the heart rate result from changes in the activity of the

The cerebrospinal fluid is

Refer to the following illustration of the limbic system to help answer the next few questions. -In the figure, which letter points to the amygdala?

Exercise and emergency reactions include

In the human knee-jerk reflex, as the calf is raised from the vertical toward the horizontal, the muscles of the quadriceps (flexors on the ventral side of the thighs)and the muscles of the hamstring (extensors on the dorsal side of the thighs)are

Increased activity in the sympathetic nervous system leads to

The activation of the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system is associated with

Which of the following shows a brain structure correctly paired with one of its primary functions?

The stretch receptors of the sensory neurons in the human knee-jerk reflex are located in the

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Dna Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signalling

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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