Exam 5: Nature, Nurture, and Human Development

To test whether a young child has the concept of object permanence, Piaget would watch whether the child can

Whether a particular child learns to speak English, German, or Portuguese will be determined by his/her __________, so the heritability for spoken language would be __________.

Adolescents who have explored various identities and have made their own decisions about their future are said to have

Which of the following exerts effects on both men and women, but is more likely to exert its effects in men than in women?

An adolescent's concerns and decisions about the future and quest for self-understanding is called the

When an infant hears a novel sound, the infant increases its sucking rate. After several presentations of the same sound, the sucking rate shows less of a response. This decrease in responding is called

When infants view an impossible event (for example, a toy car going down a ramp and going through a place where it should have been blocked), they

Many psychologists have drawn cause-and-effect conclusions from relationships seen between parents' behavior and their children's behavior. The conclusion that parents influence their children would be more justifiable if the results were the same for

An infant's heart rate decreases when a tone is presented. After the tone has been presented 20 times, it no longer causes a change in heart rate. Then, on trial 21, the loudness of the tone is decreased. It is most likely that the heart rate will __________ as a result of __________.

Infants with a "difficult" temperament are likely to grow up to be difficult children and eventually troubled adults. That statement must be based on evidence from which kind of study?

A mother gives birth to a set of twins-one boy and one girl. Which of the following MUST be true about these twins?

Most Asian adults drink little or no milk and seldom eat dairy products. The primary reason is

Researchers have identified many ways in which women and men differ from one another. The reason for these gender differences is

According to Piaget, children in the concrete-operations stage

People are most likely to become emotionally upset during a midlife transition (at about age 40) if they

In one series of studies, 6-month-olds watch a toy car come down a ramp, go behind a screen, and emerge on the other side in either a "possible" or an "impossible" condition, as researchers record any evidence that the infant is "surprised." The research is an attempt to infer whether the infant understands

Which of the following would be considered evidence that a child is thinking "egocentrically" in Piaget's meaning of that term?

An experimenter shows a child two equal glasses of water and then pours the water from one of them into a glass of a different shape. Then the experimenter asks whether the new glass has more or less water than the other one. What concept is the experimenter testing?

To test whether an infant has the concept of object permanence, what would Piaget be most likely to examine?

One study examined children who had spent their first two years of life in orphanages in Romania, where they had received very little attention. Results indicated that