Exam 7: Section 2: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

On Wechsler's WAIS intelligence test, the _____ is calculated by comparing an individual's overall score to the scores of others in the same general age group whose average score was statistically fixed at 100.

When a test has the ability to measure what it is intended to measure, it is said to be:

_____ put forth the notion that different mental abilities are biologically distinct and controlled by different parts of the brain.

Benjamin Whorf is best known in psychology for his:

Lopez assesses the correlation between scores obtained on two halves of his new test measuring the ability to cope with stress. He is checking the _____ of his new test.

Brian's car was not running smoothly. The car would occasionally lose power or stall out. Brian thought about the possible solutions: changing the ignition wires, putting an additive in the gas tank, or taking his car to a mechanic and letting the mechanic figure out the problem. Brian decided that he would try putting an additive in the gas tank first to see if that corrected the problem. Which one of Sternberg's intelligences was Brian MOST likely using?

Lindsay hopes to gain admission to graduate school to become a chemical engineer, and needs to take the Graduate Record Exams (GRE) in physics and chemistry as part of her application. Although she has gotten excellent grades in both chemistry and physics in college, when she enters the room for her physics test she can't help but notice that almost all of the students taking the test are male, and she is only one of a handful of female students. According to research by Claude Steele, what might be the effect of Lindsay's awareness that she is vastly outnumbered by male students?

In order to find out if her new abstract reasoning test is good at measuring what it was designed to measure, Dr. Marshall compares the scores on her test with the scores and grades of college students enrolled in courses that involve abstract reasoning. In this instance, Dr. Marshall is in the process of:

When reminded of the "elderly as wise" stereotype, senior adults scored higher on a memory test than those who were not reminded of that positive stereotype. This example illustrates which of the following?

Marilyn wanted to buy a new sport utility vehicle (SUV). First, she identified those SUVs that were in her price range. Next, she only considered SUVs that possessed four-wheel drive, and then identified the model with the best safety record. Finally, there was only one SUV that met all of her criteria. Marilyn was using the _____ model of decision-making.

Benjamin Whorf's belief that language determines perception and the structure of thought:

On the WAIS, the _____ score represents subtest scores on verbal tasks, such as vocabulary, comprehension, and general knowledge; the _____ score represents subtest scores on nonverbal tasks, such as identifying missing parts in incomplete pictures, arranging pictures to tell a story, or arranging blocks to match a pattern.

When a young scientist went hiking in the Swiss Alps, he found that the thorny burrs on some plants stuck to his pants and shirt. Rather than dismissing this trivial annoyance, Heinz took the burrs to his lab and analyzed their properties. His work eventually led to the invention of Velcro. This illustrates one aspect of creativity called:

An intuitive hunch is most likely to be accurate when:

Jonathan is untidy, outgoing, and a chain smoker. He frequently stays up late and has a very flexible work schedule. Given this description, most people would guess that Jonathan is a bartender (which he is not) rather than a tax accountant (which he is). This example illustrates the influence of:

The linguistic relativity hypothesis is the idea that:

A measure of general intelligence that is derived by comparing an individual's score to scores of others in the same age group is a definition of:

Sheldon's score on the WAIS was 160. Sheldon's score indicates that he is in the:

After media coverage of two spectacular train crashes, people overestimated the probability of being killed or injured in a train crash and exaggerated the dangers of train travel. This example illustrates:

Nikki wandered into a produce store in Chinatown and saw a bin marked "LITCHIS" that was filled with small round objects with bumpy red shells. As she was trying to decide whether "litchis" were fruits or vegetables, she was mentally comparing them to her memories of other instances of fruits and vegetables, such as cherry tomatoes, raspberries, strawberries, and grapes. In her attempt to classify the litchis, Nikki was using: