Question 1

According to Aaron Beck's cognitive therapy, people who suffer from major depressive disorder:

Accepted Answer

A) are reinforced by others for their self-defeating behaviors and attitudes. 
B) have a deep-seated, often unconscious, need to suffer. 
C) have developed a negative cognitive bias that distorts their perceptions of events and situations. 
D) grew up in an atmosphere of conditional rather than unconditional positive regard. 
A) are reinforced by others for their self-defeating behaviors and attitudes. 
B) have a deep-seated, often unconscious, need to suffer. 
C) have developed a negative cognitive bias that distorts their perceptions of events and situations. 
D) grew up in an atmosphere of conditional rather than unconditional positive regard.

Question 2

Virtual reality (VR) therapy consists of:

Accepted Answer

A) watching videos of the traumatic event over and over until the feared response is extinguished. 
B) the patient visually following the therapist's moving finger as he is exposed to images of the traumatic event. 
C) computer-generated scenes that a person views using goggles and a special motion sensitive headset. 
D) the therapist aggressively challenging the patient's irrational fears while he is watching videos of other people acting without fear or anxiety. 
A) watching videos of the traumatic event over and over until the feared response is extinguished. 
B) the patient visually following the therapist's moving finger as he is exposed to images of the traumatic event. 
C) computer-generated scenes that a person views using goggles and a special motion sensitive headset. 
D) the therapist aggressively challenging the patient's irrational fears while he is watching videos of other people acting without fear or anxiety.

Question 3

Liz wants to quit smoking. She consults a therapist, Dr. Jones, who develops a specific treatment plan for her. The treatment involves several components: (1) modeling and role-playing to help Liz learn how to overcome the urge to smoke in social situations; (2) sessions in which Liz identified her beliefs and automatic thoughts regarding smoking and learned how to modify those thoughts; and (3) helping Liz change her automatic responses to situational cues that prompted her to smoke. Dr. Jones is probably using:

Accepted Answer

A) systematic desensitization. 
B) contingency management. 
C) cognitive-behavioral therapy. 
D) interpersonal therapy. 
A) systematic desensitization. 
B) contingency management. 
C) cognitive-behavioral therapy. 
D) interpersonal therapy.

Question 4

Naikan therapy is a type of:

Accepted Answer

A) therapy that involves as many members of the client's community as possible. 
B) therapy that involves including members of the client's immediate and extended family. 
C) Japanese psychotherapy that involves self-criticism for failing other people and meditation upon one's obligations to others. 
D) Japanese psychotherapy that involves group therapy with the client's coworkers. 
A) therapy that involves as many members of the client's community as possible. 
B) therapy that involves including members of the client's immediate and extended family. 
C) Japanese psychotherapy that involves self-criticism for failing other people and meditation upon one's obligations to others. 
D) Japanese psychotherapy that involves group therapy with the client's coworkers.

Question 5

Which of the following procedures is based on the principles of classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A) token economy 
B) aversive conditioning 
C) contingency management 
D) positive reinforcement 
A) token economy 
B) aversive conditioning 
C) contingency management 
D) positive reinforcement

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of group therapy over individual therapy?

Accepted Answer

A) Group therapy is typically less expensive than individual therapy. 
B) Clients receive support and encouragement from other group members. 
C) The client can establish a deeply personal, intimate relationship with the therapist. 
D) Working within the group provides an opportunity for clients to try out new behaviors in a safe environment. 
A) Group therapy is typically less expensive than individual therapy. 
B) Clients receive support and encouragement from other group members. 
C) The client can establish a deeply personal, intimate relationship with the therapist. 
D) Working within the group provides an opportunity for clients to try out new behaviors in a safe environment.

Question 7

Carolyn's therapist told her to relax and spontaneously say whatever thoughts or images came to her mind. Carolyn's therapist was using the psychoanalytic technique of:

Accepted Answer

A) transference. 
B) free association. 
C) dream interpretation. 
D) interpretation. 
A) transference. 
B) free association. 
C) dream interpretation. 
D) interpretation.

Question 8

Cognitive therapy, abbreviated CT, was developed by:

Accepted Answer

A) Aaron Beck. 
B) Albert Ellis. 
C) Carl Rogers. 
D) Mary Cover Jones. 
A) Aaron Beck. 
B) Albert Ellis. 
C) Carl Rogers. 
D) Mary Cover Jones.

Question 9

JoAnn has just begun taking a tricyclic antidepressant. When can she expect to experience a reduction in her symptoms of major depressive disorder?

Accepted Answer

A) within hours, as neurotransmitter levels rise shortly after taking a tricyclic antidepressant 
B) within days, as it takes a few days for neurotransmitter levels to increase 
C) within about four to six weeks, even though neurotransmitter levels increase within hours of taking a tricyclic antidepressant 
D) within hours, as neurotransmitter levels decrease shortly after taking a tricyclic antidepressant 
A) within hours, as neurotransmitter levels rise shortly after taking a tricyclic antidepressant 
B) within days, as it takes a few days for neurotransmitter levels to increase 
C) within about four to six weeks, even though neurotransmitter levels increase within hours of taking a tricyclic antidepressant 
D) within hours, as neurotransmitter levels decrease shortly after taking a tricyclic antidepressant

Question 10

Unresolved grief, role disputes, role transitions, and interpersonal deficits are:

Accepted Answer

A) best treated with behavioral therapy. 
B) examples of unconscious conflicts in traditional psychoanalysis. 
C) key categories of personal problems in interpersonal therapy (IPT). 
D) most frequently treated with family or couples therapy. 
A) best treated with behavioral therapy. 
B) examples of unconscious conflicts in traditional psychoanalysis. 
C) key categories of personal problems in interpersonal therapy (IPT). 
D) most frequently treated with family or couples therapy.

Question 11

One advantage of using virtual reality technology in the treatment of phobias is that:

Accepted Answer

A) the computer program automatically delivers magnetic impulses of various frequencies to regions of the brain thought to be involved in phobic responses. 
B) it closely monitors the client's pulse, heart rate, and breathing so that the clinical psychologist has a detailed record of any physiological changes that occur during the therapy session. 
C) people with severe phobias are more willing to seek virtual reality treatment than graduated exposure to the actual feared object or situation. 
D) the implanted electrodes automatically send electrical impulses to the brainstem every time the individual feels anxious or fearful. 
A) the computer program automatically delivers magnetic impulses of various frequencies to regions of the brain thought to be involved in phobic responses. 
B) it closely monitors the client's pulse, heart rate, and breathing so that the clinical psychologist has a detailed record of any physiological changes that occur during the therapy session. 
C) people with severe phobias are more willing to seek virtual reality treatment than graduated exposure to the actual feared object or situation. 
D) the implanted electrodes automatically send electrical impulses to the brainstem every time the individual feels anxious or fearful.

Question 12

Which medications used to go by the name "tranquilizers" because they calm jittery feelings, relax the muscles, and promote sleep?

Accepted Answer

A) MAO inhibitors 
B) SSRIs 
C) clozapines 
D) benzodiazepines 
A) MAO inhibitors 
B) SSRIs 
C) clozapines 
D) benzodiazepines

Question 13

Not all psychologists favor the idea of extending prescription privileges to qualified psychologists. Some argue that clinical psychologists should:

Accepted Answer

A) focus on what they do best: providing psychological interventions and treatments that help people acquire more effective patterns of thinking and behaving. 
B) only use cognitive therapy because all other types of therapy are ineffectual. 
C) not be allowed to treat mental disorders at all. 
D) only conduct research. 
A) focus on what they do best: providing psychological interventions and treatments that help people acquire more effective patterns of thinking and behaving. 
B) only use cognitive therapy because all other types of therapy are ineffectual. 
C) not be allowed to treat mental disorders at all. 
D) only conduct research.

Question 14

Which of the following represents an irrational belief?

Accepted Answer

A) "I'm always patient with coworkers. Getting irritated helps no one." 
B) "It is OK to become extremely upset by other people's problems." 
C) "I can't afford to go on vacation so I'll get a pass to the local swimming pool." 
D) "It is OK if some people don't like or love me. That's life." 
A) "I'm always patient with coworkers. Getting irritated helps no one." 
B) "It is OK to become extremely upset by other people's problems." 
C) "I can't afford to go on vacation so I'll get a pass to the local swimming pool." 
D) "It is OK if some people don't like or love me. That's life."

Question 15

Mary has been taking Valium for four weeks for her symptoms of anxiety. When her family doctor refused to renew the prescription, Mary went to another physician and got an even stronger dosage prescription for Valium. Mary is running the risk of:

Accepted Answer

A) developing tardive dyskinesia. 
B) becoming addicted to Valium. 
C) developing some of the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, such as hallucination and delusions. 
D) decreasing the level of GABA in her brain to dangerously low levels. 
A) developing tardive dyskinesia. 
B) becoming addicted to Valium. 
C) developing some of the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, such as hallucination and delusions. 
D) decreasing the level of GABA in her brain to dangerously low levels.

Question 16

Which of the following is a class of antidepressant medication?

Accepted Answer

A) benzodiazepines 
B) depakotes 
C) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors 
D) neuroleptics 
A) benzodiazepines 
B) depakotes 
C) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors 
D) neuroleptics

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a cultural value or assumption of Western psychotherapies?

Accepted Answer

A) a focus on the individual's goals and needs 
B) the belief that problems are due to internal causes and can be resolved by an individual alone 
C) the belief that exploring painful thoughts and feelings should be avoided, as it tends to intensify psychological problems 
D) the importance of becoming self-sufficient and not being dependent upon others for psychological well-being 
A) a focus on the individual's goals and needs 
B) the belief that problems are due to internal causes and can be resolved by an individual alone 
C) the belief that exploring painful thoughts and feelings should be avoided, as it tends to intensify psychological problems 
D) the importance of becoming self-sufficient and not being dependent upon others for psychological well-being

Question 18

The best known antianxiety medications are the _____, which includes the trade name drug _____.

Accepted Answer

A) MAO inhibitors; Elavil 
B) SSRIs; Tofranil 
C) clozapines; Clozaril 
D) benzodiazepines; Valium 
A) MAO inhibitors; Elavil 
B) SSRIs; Tofranil 
C) clozapines; Clozaril 
D) benzodiazepines; Valium

Question 19

Zelda is an REBT therapist working with a client named Linda. After first identifying Linda's core irrational beliefs, the second step that Dr. Zelda will take in Linda's therapy is to:

Accepted Answer

A) monitor Linda's behavior changes. 
B) encourage Linda's use of free association so that she gains insight into the unconscious sources of her irrational beliefs. 
C) vigorously dispute and challenge Linda's irrational beliefs. 
D) provide a warm, supportive atmosphere of genuineness and unconditional positive regard, which will allow Linda to accept her irrational beliefs and incorporate them into her self-concept. 
A) monitor Linda's behavior changes. 
B) encourage Linda's use of free association so that she gains insight into the unconscious sources of her irrational beliefs. 
C) vigorously dispute and challenge Linda's irrational beliefs. 
D) provide a warm, supportive atmosphere of genuineness and unconditional positive regard, which will allow Linda to accept her irrational beliefs and incorporate them into her self-concept.

Question 20

_____ is to rational-emotive therapy (REBT) as _____ is to cognitive therapy (CT).

Accepted Answer

A) Sigmund Freud; Albert Ellis 
B) Albert Ellis; Carl Rogers 
C) Carl Rogers; Aaron Beck 
D) Albert Ellis; Aaron Beck 
A) Sigmund Freud; Albert Ellis 
B) Albert Ellis; Carl Rogers 
C) Carl Rogers; Aaron Beck 
D) Albert Ellis; Aaron Beck

Exam 14: Section 2: Therapies

According to Aaron Beck's cognitive therapy, people who suffer from major depressive disorder:

Virtual reality (VR) therapy consists of:

Naikan therapy is a type of:

Which of the following procedures is based on the principles of classical conditioning?

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of group therapy over individual therapy?

Carolyn's therapist told her to relax and spontaneously say whatever thoughts or images came to her mind. Carolyn's therapist was using the psychoanalytic technique of:

Cognitive therapy, abbreviated CT, was developed by:

JoAnn has just begun taking a tricyclic antidepressant. When can she expect to experience a reduction in her symptoms of major depressive disorder?

Unresolved grief, role disputes, role transitions, and interpersonal deficits are:

One advantage of using virtual reality technology in the treatment of phobias is that:

Which medications used to go by the name "tranquilizers" because they calm jittery feelings, relax the muscles, and promote sleep?

Not all psychologists favor the idea of extending prescription privileges to qualified psychologists. Some argue that clinical psychologists should:

Which of the following represents an irrational belief?

Mary has been taking Valium for four weeks for her symptoms of anxiety. When her family doctor refused to renew the prescription, Mary went to another physician and got an even stronger dosage prescription for Valium. Mary is running the risk of:

Which of the following is a class of antidepressant medication?

Which of the following is NOT a cultural value or assumption of Western psychotherapies?

The best known antianxiety medications are the _____, which includes the trade name drug _____.

Zelda is an REBT therapist working with a client named Linda. After first identifying Linda's core irrational beliefs, the second step that Dr. Zelda will take in Linda's therapy is to:

_____ is to rational-emotive therapy (REBT) as _____ is to cognitive therapy (CT).

Section 1: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 2: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 3: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 4: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 5: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 1: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 2: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 3: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 4: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 5: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 1: Sensation and Perception

Section 2: Sensation and Perception

Section 3: Sensation and Perception

Section 4: Sensation and Perception

Section 5: Sensation and Perception

Section 1: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 2: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 3: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 4: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 5: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 1: Learning

Section 2: Learning

Section 3: Learning

Section 4: Learning

Section 5: Learning

Section 1: Memory

Section 2: Memory

Section 3: Memory

Section 4: Memory

Section 5: Memory

Section 1: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 2: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 3: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 4: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 5: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 1: Motivation and Emotion

Section 2: Motivation and Emotion

Section 3: Motivation and Emotion

Section 4: Motivation and Emotion

Section 5: Motivation and Emotion

Section 1: Lifespan Development

Section 2: Lifespan Development

Section 3: Lifespan Development

Section 4: Lifespan Development

Section 5: Lifespan Development

Section 1: Personality

Section 2: Personality

Section 3: Personality

Section 4: Personality

Section 5: Personality

Section 1: Social Psychology

Section 2: Social Psychology

Section 3: Social Psychology

Section 4: Social Psychology

Section 5: Social Psychology

Section 1: Stress, Health, and Coping

Section 2: Stress, Health, and Coping

Section 3: Stress, Health, and Coping

Section 4: Stress, Health, and Coping

Section 5: Stress, Health, and Coping

The best known antianxiety medications are the _, which includes the trade name drug _.

_ is to rational-emotive therapy (REBT) as _ is to cognitive therapy (CT).