Question 1

A therapy approach that is based on the idea that cognitions, behaviors, and emotional responses are interrelated, with each affecting the other, is called:

Accepted Answer

A) cognitive-behavioral therapy. 
B) motivational interviewing. 
C) contingency management. 
D) interpersonal therapy (IPT). 
A) cognitive-behavioral therapy. 
B) motivational interviewing. 
C) contingency management. 
D) interpersonal therapy (IPT).

Question 2

A new experimental treatment for major depressive disorder that does not induce seizures, called _____, involves stimulation of certain regions of the brain with magnetic impulses of various frequencies.

Accepted Answer

A) vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) 
B) transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) 
C) eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) 
D) deep brain stimulation (DBS) 
A) vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) 
B) transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) 
C) eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) 
D) deep brain stimulation (DBS)

Question 3

Compared to therapists who practice traditional psychoanalysis, therapists who practice one of the forms of short-term dynamic therapy tend to:

Accepted Answer

A) ignore all the techniques developed by Sigmund Freud. 
B) be more directive and actively engage the patient in a dialogue. 
C) ignore the role that unconscious conflicts may be playing in the patient's problems. 
D) be much more neutral than traditional psychoanalysts in responding to the patient. 
A) ignore all the techniques developed by Sigmund Freud. 
B) be more directive and actively engage the patient in a dialogue. 
C) ignore the role that unconscious conflicts may be playing in the patient's problems. 
D) be much more neutral than traditional psychoanalysts in responding to the patient.

Question 4

Free association, dream interpretation, and transference are to _____ as unconditional positive regard, genuineness, and empathic understanding are to _____.

Accepted Answer

A) psychoanalysis; client-centered therapy 
B) short-term dynamic therapy; interpersonal therapy 
C) client-centered therapy; psychoanalysis 
D) cognitive therapy; behavioral therapy 
A) psychoanalysis; client-centered therapy 
B) short-term dynamic therapy; interpersonal therapy 
C) client-centered therapy; psychoanalysis 
D) cognitive therapy; behavioral therapy

Question 5

Both psychoanalysis and client-centered therapy stress:

Accepted Answer

A) the importance of insight and increased self-understanding. 
B) learning new conditioned responses that are incompatible with previously learned responses. 
C) the importance of determining an accurate baseline measurement for the incidence of problem behaviors. 
D) the importance of focusing on current relationships and social interactions rather than on past experiences. 
A) the importance of insight and increased self-understanding. 
B) learning new conditioned responses that are incompatible with previously learned responses. 
C) the importance of determining an accurate baseline measurement for the incidence of problem behaviors. 
D) the importance of focusing on current relationships and social interactions rather than on past experiences.

Question 6

Currently in the United States, who may legally prescribe psychotropic medications to treat psychological disorders?

Accepted Answer

A) only physicians who have received advanced training in psychiatry 
B) only licensed physicians and clinical psychologists 
C) licensed physicians and specially trained licensed psychologists in the U.S. military, New Mexico, and Louisiana 
D) psychiatrists, psychiatric nurses, and licensed psychiatric social workers 
A) only physicians who have received advanced training in psychiatry 
B) only licensed physicians and clinical psychologists 
C) licensed physicians and specially trained licensed psychologists in the U.S. military, New Mexico, and Louisiana 
D) psychiatrists, psychiatric nurses, and licensed psychiatric social workers

Question 7

Historically, medical treatments for psychological disorders:

Accepted Answer

A) were not developed until the 1980s. 
B) were developed by European and North American physicians in the late 1800s, but were not used in Asian or Middle Eastern societies. 
C) predate modern medicine by many centuries and were based on the medical knowledge of the time. 
D) were originally designed to punish the person with a psychological disorder, and thus were cruel and inhumane. 
A) were not developed until the 1980s. 
B) were developed by European and North American physicians in the late 1800s, but were not used in Asian or Middle Eastern societies. 
C) predate modern medicine by many centuries and were based on the medical knowledge of the time. 
D) were originally designed to punish the person with a psychological disorder, and thus were cruel and inhumane.

Question 8

During many of Judith's therapy sessions, Judith's client-centered therapist openly and honestly shares her own feelings about what Judith is saying. Judith's therapist is:

Accepted Answer

A) modeling genuineness in a way that encourages Judith to also express herself in an open and nondefensive way. 
B) fostering countertransference so that Judith will understand the difficulties of being a therapist. 
C) using systematic desensitization so that Judith understands that all people have problems. 
D) trying to counteract Judith's negative cognitive bias. 
A) modeling genuineness in a way that encourages Judith to also express herself in an open and nondefensive way. 
B) fostering countertransference so that Judith will understand the difficulties of being a therapist. 
C) using systematic desensitization so that Judith understands that all people have problems. 
D) trying to counteract Judith's negative cognitive bias.

Question 9

A type of therapy that has been found to be effective in resolving psychological problems within Native American communities and that involves others members of the tribe or community is called _____ .

Accepted Answer

A) Naikan 
B) group 
C) family 
D) network 
A) Naikan 
B) group 
C) family 
D) network

Question 10

A therapy that uses a pragmatic approach and involves a treatment plan that integrates behavior modification techniques and cognitive therapy techniques is called:

Accepted Answer

A) systematic desensitization. 
B) virtual reality therapy. 
C) rational-emotive therapy. 
D) cognitive-behavioral therapy. 
A) systematic desensitization. 
B) virtual reality therapy. 
C) rational-emotive therapy. 
D) cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Question 11

_____ therapy refers to therapy that is provided by one or more therapists working with several people simultaneously.

Accepted Answer

A) Client-centered 
B) Psychodynamic 
C) Group 
D) Behavior 
A) Client-centered 
B) Psychodynamic 
C) Group 
D) Behavior

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the effectiveness of psychotherapy is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Most people with psychological symptoms seek help from a mental health professional. 
B) Research has consistently shown that most people must be in psychotherapy for a year or longer before any significant improvements occur. 
C) The gains that people make as a result of psychotherapy, including brief forms of psychotherapy, tend to be long lasting. 
D) As a general rule, the benefits of psychotherapy are minimal when compared to the almost identical improvement rates of untreated people with psychological problems. 
A) Most people with psychological symptoms seek help from a mental health professional. 
B) Research has consistently shown that most people must be in psychotherapy for a year or longer before any significant improvements occur. 
C) The gains that people make as a result of psychotherapy, including brief forms of psychotherapy, tend to be long lasting. 
D) As a general rule, the benefits of psychotherapy are minimal when compared to the almost identical improvement rates of untreated people with psychological problems.

Question 13

Working with Mike's parents and his teachers at preschool, the behavior therapist first identified specific problem behaviors related to Mike's aggressiveness. Then, the behavior therapist observed Mike in both situations to determine how frequently these behaviors occurred in order to determine:

Accepted Answer

A) how much unconditional positive regard Mike was getting from his parents and preschool teachers. 
B) the nature and extent of Mike's unconscious conflicts. 
C) the baseline rate of the problem behaviors before beginning behavior therapy. 
D) whether Mike, his parents, and his teachers were good candidates for rational-emotive therapy. 
A) how much unconditional positive regard Mike was getting from his parents and preschool teachers. 
B) the nature and extent of Mike's unconscious conflicts. 
C) the baseline rate of the problem behaviors before beginning behavior therapy. 
D) whether Mike, his parents, and his teachers were good candidates for rational-emotive therapy.

Question 14

Which of the following is true of BOTH short-term dynamic therapy and traditional psychoanalysis?

Accepted Answer

A) The therapist maintains therapeutic neutrality. 
B) The patient sees the therapist for a minimum of three sessions per week. 
C) The therapist and patient agree on specific, concrete goals for the therapy. 
D) The therapist uses interpretations to help the patient recognize hidden feelings and transference issues that may be affecting his or her current relationships. 
A) The therapist maintains therapeutic neutrality. 
B) The patient sees the therapist for a minimum of three sessions per week. 
C) The therapist and patient agree on specific, concrete goals for the therapy. 
D) The therapist uses interpretations to help the patient recognize hidden feelings and transference issues that may be affecting his or her current relationships.

Question 15

According to Carl Rogers, psychological problems develop when:

Accepted Answer

A) unconscious conflicts are not recognized. 
B) a person consistently experiences conditional acceptance from other significant people in his or her life. 
C) a person is exposed to excessive unconditional positive regard. 
D) a person's parents unconsciously reinforce unhealthy behaviors rather than healthy behaviors. 
A) unconscious conflicts are not recognized. 
B) a person consistently experiences conditional acceptance from other significant people in his or her life. 
C) a person is exposed to excessive unconditional positive regard. 
D) a person's parents unconsciously reinforce unhealthy behaviors rather than healthy behaviors.

Question 16

According to Carl Rogers, the client-centered therapist ideally should demonstrate:

Accepted Answer

A) modeling, adaptive thinking patterns, and collaboration. 
B) challenge, confrontation, and resolution. 
C) therapeutic neutrality, interpretations, and transference capacity. 
D) genuineness, unconditional positive regard, and empathic understanding. 
A) modeling, adaptive thinking patterns, and collaboration. 
B) challenge, confrontation, and resolution. 
C) therapeutic neutrality, interpretations, and transference capacity. 
D) genuineness, unconditional positive regard, and empathic understanding.

Question 17

The so-called "first generation" of antidepressants:

Accepted Answer

A) include the tricyclics and MAO inhibitors and affect multiple neurotransmitter pathways in the brain. 
B) include Prozac, Zoloft, and Paxil and affect only serotonin in the brain. 
C) have very few side effects. 
D) have limited effectiveness and were used primarily in combination with electroconvulsive therapy. 
A) include the tricyclics and MAO inhibitors and affect multiple neurotransmitter pathways in the brain. 
B) include Prozac, Zoloft, and Paxil and affect only serotonin in the brain. 
C) have very few side effects. 
D) have limited effectiveness and were used primarily in combination with electroconvulsive therapy.

Question 18

Most therapists today identify their approach or orientation as:

Accepted Answer

A) psychoanalytic. 
B) eclectic. 
C) behavioral. 
D) rational-emotive. 
A) psychoanalytic. 
B) eclectic. 
C) behavioral. 
D) rational-emotive.

Question 19

Hailey's therapist had her put on a pair of special motion-sensitive goggles. Hailey could see computer-generated images that very closely resembled the images that a person would see as he or she boarded a commercial aircraft. When Hailey turned her head, the scenes changed accordingly. Hailey's therapist is using _____ to help Hailey overcome her fear of flying.

Accepted Answer

A) transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) 
B) virtual reality (VR) therapy 
C) deep brain stimulation (DBS) 
D) electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) 
A) transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) 
B) virtual reality (VR) therapy 
C) deep brain stimulation (DBS) 
D) electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Question 20

Which of the following statements about psychoanalysis is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Traditional psychoanalysis is a slow therapeutic process that may last for years. 
B) It is a myth that Sigmund Freud's patients lay on a couch during psychoanalytical sessions. 
C) The traditional form of psychoanalysis that lasts for years is still used today. 
D) As part of the therapeutic process in traditional psychoanalysis, the therapist purposely remains as neutral as possible to produce "optimal frustration" in the patient so that the patient transfers and projects unresolved conflicts onto the psychoanalyst. 
A) Traditional psychoanalysis is a slow therapeutic process that may last for years. 
B) It is a myth that Sigmund Freud's patients lay on a couch during psychoanalytical sessions. 
C) The traditional form of psychoanalysis that lasts for years is still used today. 
D) As part of the therapeutic process in traditional psychoanalysis, the therapist purposely remains as neutral as possible to produce "optimal frustration" in the patient so that the patient transfers and projects unresolved conflicts onto the psychoanalyst.

Exam 14: Section 2: Therapies

A therapy approach that is based on the idea that cognitions, behaviors, and emotional responses are interrelated, with each affecting the other, is called:

A new experimental treatment for major depressive disorder that does not induce seizures, called _____, involves stimulation of certain regions of the brain with magnetic impulses of various frequencies.

Compared to therapists who practice traditional psychoanalysis, therapists who practice one of the forms of short-term dynamic therapy tend to:

Free association, dream interpretation, and transference are to _____ as unconditional positive regard, genuineness, and empathic understanding are to _____.

Both psychoanalysis and client-centered therapy stress:

Currently in the United States, who may legally prescribe psychotropic medications to treat psychological disorders?

Historically, medical treatments for psychological disorders:

During many of Judith's therapy sessions, Judith's client-centered therapist openly and honestly shares her own feelings about what Judith is saying. Judith's therapist is:

A type of therapy that has been found to be effective in resolving psychological problems within Native American communities and that involves others members of the tribe or community is called _____ .

A therapy that uses a pragmatic approach and involves a treatment plan that integrates behavior modification techniques and cognitive therapy techniques is called:

_____ therapy refers to therapy that is provided by one or more therapists working with several people simultaneously.

Which of the following statements about the effectiveness of psychotherapy is TRUE?

Working with Mike's parents and his teachers at preschool, the behavior therapist first identified specific problem behaviors related to Mike's aggressiveness. Then, the behavior therapist observed Mike in both situations to determine how frequently these behaviors occurred in order to determine:

Which of the following is true of BOTH short-term dynamic therapy and traditional psychoanalysis?

According to Carl Rogers, psychological problems develop when:

According to Carl Rogers, the client-centered therapist ideally should demonstrate:

The so-called "first generation" of antidepressants:

Most therapists today identify their approach or orientation as:

Which of the following statements about psychoanalysis is FALSE?

Section 1: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 2: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 3: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 4: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 5: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 1: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 2: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 3: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 4: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 5: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 1: Sensation and Perception

Section 2: Sensation and Perception

Section 3: Sensation and Perception

Section 4: Sensation and Perception

Section 5: Sensation and Perception

Section 1: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 2: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 3: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 4: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 5: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 1: Learning

Section 2: Learning

Section 3: Learning

Section 4: Learning

Section 5: Learning

Section 1: Memory

Section 2: Memory

Section 3: Memory

Section 4: Memory

Section 5: Memory

Section 1: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 2: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 3: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 4: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 5: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 1: Motivation and Emotion

Section 2: Motivation and Emotion

Section 3: Motivation and Emotion

Section 4: Motivation and Emotion

Section 5: Motivation and Emotion

Section 1: Lifespan Development

Section 2: Lifespan Development

Section 3: Lifespan Development

Section 4: Lifespan Development

Section 5: Lifespan Development

Section 1: Personality

Section 2: Personality

Section 3: Personality

Section 4: Personality

Section 5: Personality

Section 1: Social Psychology

Section 2: Social Psychology

Section 3: Social Psychology

Section 4: Social Psychology

Section 5: Social Psychology

Section 1: Stress, Health, and Coping

Section 2: Stress, Health, and Coping

Section 3: Stress, Health, and Coping

Section 4: Stress, Health, and Coping

Section 5: Stress, Health, and Coping

Free association, dream interpretation, and transference are to _ as unconditional positive regard, genuineness, and empathic understanding are to _.