Exam 9: B: Language and Communication

Six-month-old Seiko is growing up in a home where Japanese is the only language spoken. Is she likely to be able to discriminate speech sounds that are used in English but are not used in Japanese?

________ is/are a system that relates sounds (or gestures) to meaning.

Infants who are younger than six months of age

What advice would you give to parents interested in promoting their child's language development?

In the case of understanding metaphors, young children

________ are words or endings of words (such as -ed or -ing) that make a sentence grammatical.

When four-year-olds describe a toy to a two-year-old, they

Seven-month-old Julius hears this conversation: John: I want to go swim. John's dad: Do you want to swim in the pool? John: No, I want to swim in the lake. If Julius then hears the words "run" and "swim," what would you expect him to do?

Dr. White is a learning theorist who believes that language is learned purely through imitation and reinforcement. Which of the following would she have the most difficulty explaining?

According to the ________ approach, children use powerful cognitive mechanisms that allow them to find recurring patterns in the speech they hear.

One characteristic of language is that an infinite number of utterances can be produced from the vocabulary. This is referred to as

The term semantics refers to

Eighteen-month-old Lenny's vocabulary contains some words that are names for objects but also has many social phrases such as "I want it" and "Go away." Lenny has a(n) ________ style of learning language.

Overextensions

Babbling refers to

When presented with a message that is vague or confusing, young children frequently

Three-year-old Steven walks up to his father, who is reading the newspaper, and says "Look at this picture, Daddy!" If his father does not respond, Steven is likely to

Which of the following is the best example of an overextension?

Cochlear implants

Cheyenne makes a sarcastic comment but does not use a mocking or overly enthusiastic tone of voice. Who is likely to realize that sarcasm is intended?