Exam 12: A: Moral Understanding and Behaviour

A person who reasons at Kohlberg's conventional level would emphasize personal moral principles.

Chinese toddlers have been found to show more self-control than Canadian toddlers.

Children are not capable of self-regulation until about five years of age.

Children are more likely to be aggressive when parents are coercive and emotionally uninvested in them.

Children who showed greater self-control as preschoolers were more attentive, had higher SAT scores, and were less likely to experiment with drugs and alcohol as adolescents.

Research has shown that moral reasoning is not related to moral behaviour.

Hostile aggression emerges later than instrumental aggression.

In the personal domain, decisions are considered to be "right" or "wrong."

Results from longitudinal studies support Kohlberg's invariant sequence of stages.

Victims of aggression are less tolerant of personal attacks when their self-esteem increases.

Turning to peers for support works for victimized girls but not for victimized boys.

Aggression is behaviour that is meant to harm others.

Research has shown that both men and women use caring for others and justice as bases for moral reasoning.

Moral discussions with individuals who reason at higher levels usually improve the reasoning of those who reason at lower levels.

Playing violent video games leads to aggressive and violent behaviour in much the same way that watching violent TV does.

Most children show no consistency across different tasks that measure self-control.

Preschoolers believe that adults' authority is limited.

Parental monitoring does not seem to be related to children's aggression.

Children are more likely to act altruistically when they do not feel responsible for the person in need.

Around the first birthday, infants become aware of the fact that others impose demands on them and they must react accordingly.