Question 1

Peaks of LH and FSH production occur during

Accepted Answer

A)  the menstrual flow phase of the uterine cycle. 
B)  the beginning of the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle. 
C)  the period just before ovulation. 
D)  the end of the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle. 
E)  the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle. 
A)  the menstrual flow phase of the uterine cycle. 
B)  the beginning of the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle. 
C)  the period just before ovulation. 
D)  the end of the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle. 
E)  the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle.

Question 2

Refer to Figure 36.2, which diagrams the reproductive anatomy of the human male, to answer the following questions.
   Figure 36.2
-In Figure 36.2, which letter points to the testis?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 3

During human heterosexual (mutual) excitement, vasocongestion occurs

Accepted Answer

A)  only in the penis. 
B)  only in the testes. 
C)  only in the clitoris. 
D)  only in the upper vagina. 
E)  in the clitoris, vagina, and penis. 
A)  only in the penis. 
B)  only in the testes. 
C)  only in the clitoris. 
D)  only in the upper vagina. 
E)  in the clitoris, vagina, and penis.

Question 4

Which of the following is a true statement?

Accepted Answer

A)  All mammals have menstrual cycles. 
B)  The endometrial lining is shed in menstrual cycles but reabsorbed in estrous cycles. 
C)  Estrous cycles are more frequent than menstrual cycles. 
D)  Estrous cycles are not controlled by hormones. 
E)  Ovulation occurs before the endometrium thickens in estrous cycles. 
A)  All mammals have menstrual cycles. 
B)  The endometrial lining is shed in menstrual cycles but reabsorbed in estrous cycles. 
C)  Estrous cycles are more frequent than menstrual cycles. 
D)  Estrous cycles are not controlled by hormones. 
E)  Ovulation occurs before the endometrium thickens in estrous cycles.

Question 5

During the early part of the cleavage stage in frog development, the rapidly developing cells

Accepted Answer

A)  skip the mitosis phase of the cell cycle. 
B)  skip the S phase of the cell cycle. 
C)  skip the G1 and G2 phases of the cell cycle. 
D)  rapidly increase the volume and mass of the embryo. 
E)  skip the cytokinesis phase of the cell cycle. 
A)  skip the mitosis phase of the cell cycle. 
B)  skip the S phase of the cell cycle. 
C)  skip the G1 and G2 phases of the cell cycle. 
D)  rapidly increase the volume and mass of the embryo. 
E)  skip the cytokinesis phase of the cell cycle.

Question 6

The primary function of the corpus luteum is to

Accepted Answer

A)  nourish and protect the egg cell. 
B)  produce prolactin in the alveoli. 
C)  maintain progesterone and estrogen synthesis after ovulation has occurred. 
D)  stimulate the development of the mammary glands. 
E)  support pregnancy in the second and third trimesters. 
A)  nourish and protect the egg cell. 
B)  produce prolactin in the alveoli. 
C)  maintain progesterone and estrogen synthesis after ovulation has occurred. 
D)  stimulate the development of the mammary glands. 
E)  support pregnancy in the second and third trimesters.

Question 7

The vertebrate ectoderm is the origin of the

Accepted Answer

A)  nervous system. 
B)  liver. 
C)  pancreas. 
D)  heart. 
E)  kidneys. 
A)  nervous system. 
B)  liver. 
C)  pancreas. 
D)  heart. 
E)  kidneys.

Question 8

Refer to Figure 36.2, which diagrams the reproductive anatomy of the human male, to answer the following questions.
   Figure 36.2
-In Figure 36.2, which letter points to the urethra?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 9

Two contraceptive methods that are generally irreversible and that block the gametes from moving to a site where fertilization can occur are

Accepted Answer

A)  the male condom and the female condom. 
B)  the male condom and oral contraceptives. 
C)  vasectomy and tubal ligation. 
D)  coitus interruptus and the rhythm method. 
E)  the diaphragm and the subcutaneous progesterone implant. 
A)  the male condom and the female condom. 
B)  the male condom and oral contraceptives. 
C)  vasectomy and tubal ligation. 
D)  coitus interruptus and the rhythm method. 
E)  the diaphragm and the subcutaneous progesterone implant.

Question 10

Contact of a sea urchin egg with signal molecules on sperm causes the egg to undergo a brief

Accepted Answer

A)  mitosis. 
B)  membrane depolarization. 
C)  apoptosis. 
D)  vitellogenesis. 
E)  acrosomal reaction. 
A)  mitosis. 
B)  membrane depolarization. 
C)  apoptosis. 
D)  vitellogenesis. 
E)  acrosomal reaction.

Question 11

Regeneration, the regrowth of lost body parts, normally follows

Accepted Answer

A)  all types of asexual reproduction. 
B)  all types of sexual reproduction. 
C)  fission. 
D)  fragmentation. 
E)  parthenogenesis. 
A)  all types of asexual reproduction. 
B)  all types of sexual reproduction. 
C)  fission. 
D)  fragmentation. 
E)  parthenogenesis.

Question 12

For which is the number the same in males and females?

Accepted Answer

A)  interruptions in meiotic divisions 
B)  functional gametes produced by meiosis 
C)  meiotic divisions required to produce each gamete 
D)  gametes produced in a given time period 
E)  different cell types produced by meiosis 
A)  interruptions in meiotic divisions 
B)  functional gametes produced by meiosis 
C)  meiotic divisions required to produce each gamete 
D)  gametes produced in a given time period 
E)  different cell types produced by meiosis

Question 13

A reproductive difference between sea urchins and humans is

Accepted Answer

A)  the sea urchin egg completes meiosis prior to fertilization, but meiosis in humans is completed after fertilization. 
B)  sea urchin eggs are produced by meiosis, but human eggs are produced by mitosis. 
C)  sea urchin eggs and sperm are of equal size, but human eggs are much bigger than human sperm. 
D)  sea urchins, but not humans, have a need to block polyspermy because only in sea urchins can there be more than one source of sperm to fertilize the eggs. 
E)  sea urchin zygotes get their mitochondria from the sperm but human zygotes get their mitochondria from the egg. 
A)  the sea urchin egg completes meiosis prior to fertilization, but meiosis in humans is completed after fertilization. 
B)  sea urchin eggs are produced by meiosis, but human eggs are produced by mitosis. 
C)  sea urchin eggs and sperm are of equal size, but human eggs are much bigger than human sperm. 
D)  sea urchins, but not humans, have a need to block polyspermy because only in sea urchins can there be more than one source of sperm to fertilize the eggs. 
E)  sea urchin zygotes get their mitochondria from the sperm but human zygotes get their mitochondria from the egg.

Question 14

In sea urchins, the "fast block" and the longer-lasting "slow block" to polyspermy, respectively, are

Accepted Answer

A)  the acrosomal reaction and the formation of egg white. 
B)  the cortical reaction and the formation of yolk protein. 
C)  the jelly coat of the egg and the vitelline membrane. 
D)  membrane depolarization and the cortical reaction. 
E)  inactivation of the sperm acrosome. 
A)  the acrosomal reaction and the formation of egg white. 
B)  the cortical reaction and the formation of yolk protein. 
C)  the jelly coat of the egg and the vitelline membrane. 
D)  membrane depolarization and the cortical reaction. 
E)  inactivation of the sperm acrosome.

Question 15

A male's "primary" sex characteristics include

Accepted Answer

A)  deepening of the voice at puberty. 
B)  embryonic differentiation of the seminal vesicles. 
C)  growth of skeletal muscle. 
D)  elongation of the skeleton prior to puberty. 
E)  onset of growth of facial hair at puberty. 
A)  deepening of the voice at puberty. 
B)  embryonic differentiation of the seminal vesicles. 
C)  growth of skeletal muscle. 
D)  elongation of the skeleton prior to puberty. 
E)  onset of growth of facial hair at puberty.

Question 16

Among human males, both semen and urine normally travel along the

Accepted Answer

A)  vas deferens. 
B)  urinary bladder. 
C)  seminal vesicle. 
D)  urethra. 
E)  ureter. 
A)  vas deferens. 
B)  urinary bladder. 
C)  seminal vesicle. 
D)  urethra. 
E)  ureter.

Question 17

Thalidomide, now banned for use as a sedative in pregnancy, was used in the early 1960s by many women in their first trimester of pregnancy. Some of these women gave birth to children with arm and leg deformities, suggesting that the drug most likely influenced

Accepted Answer

A)  early cleavage divisions. 
B)  determination of the polarity of the zygote. 
C)  differentiation of bone tissue. 
D)  morphogenesis. 
E)  organogenesis. 
A)  early cleavage divisions. 
B)  determination of the polarity of the zygote. 
C)  differentiation of bone tissue. 
D)  morphogenesis. 
E)  organogenesis.

Question 18

Animals with reproduction dependent on internal fertilization need not have

Accepted Answer

A)  any copulatory organs. 
B)  a receptacle that receives sperm. 
C)  behavioral interaction between males and females. 
D)  internal development of embryos. 
E)  haploid gametes. 
A)  any copulatory organs. 
B)  a receptacle that receives sperm. 
C)  behavioral interaction between males and females. 
D)  internal development of embryos. 
E)  haploid gametes.

Question 19

From earliest to latest, the overall sequence of early development proceeds in which of the following sequences?

Accepted Answer

A)  gastrulation → organogenesis → cleavage 
B)  ovulation → gastrulation → fertilization 
C)  cleavage → gastrulation → organogenesis 
D)  gastrulation → blastulation → neurulation 
E)  preformation → morphogenesis → neurulation 
A)  gastrulation → organogenesis → cleavage 
B)  ovulation → gastrulation → fertilization 
C)  cleavage → gastrulation → organogenesis 
D)  gastrulation → blastulation → neurulation 
E)  preformation → morphogenesis → neurulation

Question 20

The hypothalamic hormone that stimulates hormone secretion by the anterior pituitary gland is

Accepted Answer

A)  LH. 
B)  FSH. 
C)  inhibin. 
D)  GnRH. 
E)  estradiol. 
A)  LH. 
B)  FSH. 
C)  inhibin. 
D)  GnRH. 
E)  estradiol.

Exam 36: Reproduction and Development

Peaks of LH and FSH production occur during

Refer to Figure 36.2, which diagrams the reproductive anatomy of the human male, to answer the following questions. Figure 36.2 -In Figure 36.2, which letter points to the testis?

During human heterosexual (mutual) excitement, vasocongestion occurs

Which of the following is a true statement?

During the early part of the cleavage stage in frog development, the rapidly developing cells

The primary function of the corpus luteum is to

The vertebrate ectoderm is the origin of the

Refer to Figure 36.2, which diagrams the reproductive anatomy of the human male, to answer the following questions. Figure 36.2 -In Figure 36.2, which letter points to the urethra?

Two contraceptive methods that are generally irreversible and that block the gametes from moving to a site where fertilization can occur are

Contact of a sea urchin egg with signal molecules on sperm causes the egg to undergo a brief

Regeneration, the regrowth of lost body parts, normally follows

For which is the number the same in males and females?

A reproductive difference between sea urchins and humans is

In sea urchins, the "fast block" and the longer-lasting "slow block" to polyspermy, respectively, are

A male's "primary" sex characteristics include

Among human males, both semen and urine normally travel along the

Thalidomide, now banned for use as a sedative in pregnancy, was used in the early 1960s by many women in their first trimester of pregnancy. Some of these women gave birth to children with arm and leg deformities, suggesting that the drug most likely influenced

Animals with reproduction dependent on internal fertilization need not have

From earliest to latest, the overall sequence of early development proceeds in which of the following sequences?

The hypothalamic hormone that stimulates hormone secretion by the anterior pituitary gland is

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development, Stem Cells, and Cancer

Viruses

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

Broad Patterns of Evolution

Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Plant Structure and Growth

Resource Acquisition, Nutrition, and Transport in Vascular Plants

Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Species Interactions

Ecosystems and Energy

Global Ecology and Conservation Biology

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