Question 1

Ovulation is the follicular response to a burst of secretion of

Accepted Answer

A)  LH. 
B)  progesterone. 
C)  inhibin. 
D)  prolactin. 
E)  estradiol. 
A)  LH. 
B)  progesterone. 
C)  inhibin. 
D)  prolactin. 
E)  estradiol.

Question 2

If gastrulation was blocked by an environmental toxin, then

Accepted Answer

A)  cleavage would not occur in the zygote. 
B)  embryonic germ layers would not form. 
C)  fertilization would be blocked. 
D)  the blastula would not be formed. 
E)  the blastopore would form above the gray crescent in the animal pole. 
A)  cleavage would not occur in the zygote. 
B)  embryonic germ layers would not form. 
C)  fertilization would be blocked. 
D)  the blastula would not be formed. 
E)  the blastopore would form above the gray crescent in the animal pole.

Question 3

Fertilization of an egg without activation is most like

Accepted Answer

A)  placing the key in the ignition of a car but not starting the engine. 
B)  resting during halftime of a basketball game. 
C)  preparing a pie from scratch and baking it in the oven. 
D)  walking to the cafeteria and eating lunch. 
E)  dropping a rock off a cliff and watching it land in the valley below. 
A)  placing the key in the ignition of a car but not starting the engine. 
B)  resting during halftime of a basketball game. 
C)  preparing a pie from scratch and baking it in the oven. 
D)  walking to the cafeteria and eating lunch. 
E)  dropping a rock off a cliff and watching it land in the valley below.

Question 4

The secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone from the anterior pituitary gland is reduced by

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibin. 
B)  luteinizing hormone. 
C)  oxytocin. 
D)  prolactin. 
E)  vasopressin. 
A)  inhibin. 
B)  luteinizing hormone. 
C)  oxytocin. 
D)  prolactin. 
E)  vasopressin.

Question 5

Assume that successful reproduction in a rare salamander species, wherein all individuals are females, relies on those females having access to sperm from males of another species but that the resulting embryos show no signs of a genetic contribution from the sperm. In this case, the sperm appear to be used only for

Accepted Answer

A)  morphogenesis. 
B)  epigenesis. 
C)  egg activation. 
D)  cell differentiation. 
E)  the creation of a diploid cell. 
A)  morphogenesis. 
B)  epigenesis. 
C)  egg activation. 
D)  cell differentiation. 
E)  the creation of a diploid cell.

Question 6

Even in the absence of sperm, metabolic activity in an egg can be artificially activated by

Accepted Answer

A)  abnormally high levels of carbonic acid in the cytosol. 
B)  abnormally low levels of extracellular oxygen. 
C)  injection of calcium ions into the cytosol. 
D)  exposure to the low pH of the uterus. 
E)  depletion of its ATP supplies. 
A)  abnormally high levels of carbonic acid in the cytosol. 
B)  abnormally low levels of extracellular oxygen. 
C)  injection of calcium ions into the cytosol. 
D)  exposure to the low pH of the uterus. 
E)  depletion of its ATP supplies.

Question 7

The moment of orgasm is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)  the ovulation of the oocyte from the ovary. 
B)  the release of sperm from the seminiferous tubules. 
C)  rhythmic contraction of many parts of the reproductive system. 
D)  increased synthesis and release of ovarian steroid hormones. 
E)  increased synthesis and release of testicular steroid hormones. 
A)  the ovulation of the oocyte from the ovary. 
B)  the release of sperm from the seminiferous tubules. 
C)  rhythmic contraction of many parts of the reproductive system. 
D)  increased synthesis and release of ovarian steroid hormones. 
E)  increased synthesis and release of testicular steroid hormones.

Question 8

Refer to the following figure, which diagrams the reproductive anatomy of the human female, to answer the following questions.
   Figure 36.1
-In Figure 36.1, which letter points to the oviduct?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 9

Refer to Figure 36.2, which diagrams the reproductive anatomy of the human male, to answer the following questions.
   Figure 36.2
-In Figure 36.2, which letter points to the scrotum?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 10

Refer to Figure 36.2, which diagrams the reproductive anatomy of the human male, to answer the following questions.
   Figure 36.2
-In Figure 36.2, which letter points to the prostate gland?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 11

In excreted urine, a reliable "marker" that a pregnancy has initiated is

Accepted Answer

A)  progesterone. 
B)  estrogen. 
C)  follicle-stimulating hormone. 
D)  chorionic gonadotropin. 
E)  hypothalamic-releasing hormones. 
A)  progesterone. 
B)  estrogen. 
C)  follicle-stimulating hormone. 
D)  chorionic gonadotropin. 
E)  hypothalamic-releasing hormones.

Question 12

The archenteron of the developing sea urchin eventually develops into the

Accepted Answer

A)  reproductive organs. 
B)  blastocoel. 
C)  heart and lungs. 
D)  digestive tract. 
E)  brain and spinal cord. 
A)  reproductive organs. 
B)  blastocoel. 
C)  heart and lungs. 
D)  digestive tract. 
E)  brain and spinal cord.

Question 13

Select the choice that correctly associates the organ with its embryonic sources.

Accepted Answer

A)  anterior pituitary gland-mesoderm and endoderm 
B)  thyroid gland-mesoderm and ectoderm 
C)  adrenal gland-ectoderm and mesoderm 
D)  skin-endoderm and mesoderm 
E)  brain-mesoderm and endoderm 
A)  anterior pituitary gland-mesoderm and endoderm 
B)  thyroid gland-mesoderm and ectoderm 
C)  adrenal gland-ectoderm and mesoderm 
D)  skin-endoderm and mesoderm 
E)  brain-mesoderm and endoderm

Question 14

Mature human sperm and ova are similar in that they

Accepted Answer

A)  both have the same number of chromosomes. 
B)  are approximately the same size 
C)  each have a flagellum that provides motility. 
D)  are produced from puberty until death. 
E)  are formed before birth. 
A)  both have the same number of chromosomes. 
B)  are approximately the same size 
C)  each have a flagellum that provides motility. 
D)  are produced from puberty until death. 
E)  are formed before birth.

Question 15

For the 10 days following ovulation in a nonpregnant menstrual cycle, the main source of progesterone is the

Accepted Answer

A)  adrenal cortex. 
B)  anterior pituitary. 
C)  corpus luteum. 
D)  developing follicle. 
E)  placenta. 
A)  adrenal cortex. 
B)  anterior pituitary. 
C)  corpus luteum. 
D)  developing follicle. 
E)  placenta.

Question 16

Evidence that parthenogenic whiptail lizards are derived from sexually reproducing ancestors includes

Accepted Answer

A)  the requirement for male-like behaviors in some females before their partners will ovulate. 
B)  the development and then regression of testes prior to sexual maturation. 
C)  the observation that all of the offspring are haploid. 
D)  dependence on favorable weather conditions for ovulation to occur. 
E)  the persistence of a vestigial penis among some of the females. 
A)  the requirement for male-like behaviors in some females before their partners will ovulate. 
B)  the development and then regression of testes prior to sexual maturation. 
C)  the observation that all of the offspring are haploid. 
D)  dependence on favorable weather conditions for ovulation to occur. 
E)  the persistence of a vestigial penis among some of the females.

Question 17

As an embryo develops, new cells are produced as the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  differentiation. 
B)  preformation. 
C)  cell division. 
D)  morphogenesis. 
E)  epigenesis. 
A)  differentiation. 
B)  preformation. 
C)  cell division. 
D)  morphogenesis. 
E)  epigenesis.

Question 18

Labor contractions can be increased by the medical use of a synthetic drug that mimics the action of

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibin. 
B)  luteinizing hormone. 
C)  oxytocin. 
D)  prolactin. 
E)  vasopressin. 
A)  inhibin. 
B)  luteinizing hormone. 
C)  oxytocin. 
D)  prolactin. 
E)  vasopressin.

Question 19

Increasing the temperature of the human scrotum by 2°C (i.e., near the normal body core temperature) and holding it there would

Accepted Answer

A)  reduce the fertility of the man by impairing the production of gonadal steroid hormones. 
B)  reduce the fertility of the man by impairing spermatogenesis. 
C)  reduce the man's sexual interest. 
D)  increase the fertility of the affected man by enhancing the rate of steroidogenesis. 
E)  have no effect on male reproductive processes. 
A)  reduce the fertility of the man by impairing the production of gonadal steroid hormones. 
B)  reduce the fertility of the man by impairing spermatogenesis. 
C)  reduce the man's sexual interest. 
D)  increase the fertility of the affected man by enhancing the rate of steroidogenesis. 
E)  have no effect on male reproductive processes.

Question 20

Most of the noncellular fluid in ejaculated human semen is composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  the secretions of the seminiferous tubules. 
B)  the secretions of the bulbourethral glands. 
C)  the secretions of the seminal vesicles. 
D)  the secretions of the prostate gland. 
E)  anticoagulant enzymes. 
A)  the secretions of the seminiferous tubules. 
B)  the secretions of the bulbourethral glands. 
C)  the secretions of the seminal vesicles. 
D)  the secretions of the prostate gland. 
E)  anticoagulant enzymes.

Exam 36: Reproduction and Development

Ovulation is the follicular response to a burst of secretion of

If gastrulation was blocked by an environmental toxin, then

Fertilization of an egg without activation is most like

The secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone from the anterior pituitary gland is reduced by

Even in the absence of sperm, metabolic activity in an egg can be artificially activated by

The moment of orgasm is characterized by

Refer to the following figure, which diagrams the reproductive anatomy of the human female, to answer the following questions. Figure 36.1 -In Figure 36.1, which letter points to the oviduct?

Refer to Figure 36.2, which diagrams the reproductive anatomy of the human male, to answer the following questions. Figure 36.2 -In Figure 36.2, which letter points to the scrotum?

Refer to Figure 36.2, which diagrams the reproductive anatomy of the human male, to answer the following questions. Figure 36.2 -In Figure 36.2, which letter points to the prostate gland?

In excreted urine, a reliable "marker" that a pregnancy has initiated is

The archenteron of the developing sea urchin eventually develops into the

Select the choice that correctly associates the organ with its embryonic sources.

Mature human sperm and ova are similar in that they

For the 10 days following ovulation in a nonpregnant menstrual cycle, the main source of progesterone is the

Evidence that parthenogenic whiptail lizards are derived from sexually reproducing ancestors includes

As an embryo develops, new cells are produced as the result of

Labor contractions can be increased by the medical use of a synthetic drug that mimics the action of

Increasing the temperature of the human scrotum by 2°C (i.e., near the normal body core temperature) and holding it there would

Most of the noncellular fluid in ejaculated human semen is composed of

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development, Stem Cells, and Cancer

Viruses

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

Broad Patterns of Evolution

Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Plant Structure and Growth

Resource Acquisition, Nutrition, and Transport in Vascular Plants

Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Species Interactions

Ecosystems and Energy

Global Ecology and Conservation Biology

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