Question 1

Which three factors do psychologists who take the psychodynamic perspective emphasize in explaining the underlying dynamics of human behavior?

Accepted Answer

Psychologists who take the psychodynamic

Question 2

A recent meta-analysis found a moderately strong correlation between parental socioeconomic status and use of corporal punishment. The correlation revealed that as parental level of socioeconomic status increased, rates of parents' use of corporal punishment decreased. This finding represents a negative correlation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

In Crum and Langer's hotel experiment, the participants were:

Accepted Answer

A)  eighty-four female housekeeping staff at seven carefully matched hotels. 
B)  all undergraduate students in introductory psychology classes at Harvard University. 
C)  given either ginkgo biloba or a placebo depending on their assigned group. 
D)  all male employees selected from the administrative staff of seven carefully matched hotels. 
A)  eighty-four female housekeeping staff at seven carefully matched hotels. 
B)  all undergraduate students in introductory psychology classes at Harvard University. 
C)  given either ginkgo biloba or a placebo depending on their assigned group. 
D)  all male employees selected from the administrative staff of seven carefully matched hotels.

Question 4

The participants assigned to the control group or condition in Crum and Langer's hotel experiment were led to believe that housekeeping work was unhealthy and contributed to health problems.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

When psychologists report the findings of a study in a scientific journal, it's important that they include a description of all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  how the study participants were chosen. 
B)  how the data were analyzed. 
C)  how variables were operationally defined. 
D)  how the journal reviewers responded to the findings. 
A)  how the study participants were chosen. 
B)  how the data were analyzed. 
C)  how variables were operationally defined. 
D)  how the journal reviewers responded to the findings.

Question 6

Random assignment means that all participants in the study have an equal chance of being assigned to any of the groups or conditions in an experiment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The results of Crum and Langer's hotel experiment:

Accepted Answer

A)  were contradicted by the results of correlational research based on a student survey about health, diet, and exercise and personality measures. 
B)  had little impact because the statistical analysis was flawed. 
C)  provided additional support for the idea that people's beliefs and expectations can have a powerful influence. 
D)  were discounted because the evidence was purely correlational. 
A)  were contradicted by the results of correlational research based on a student survey about health, diet, and exercise and personality measures. 
B)  had little impact because the statistical analysis was flawed. 
C)  provided additional support for the idea that people's beliefs and expectations can have a powerful influence. 
D)  were discounted because the evidence was purely correlational.

Question 8

When psychologists systematically observe and record behaviors as they occur in their natural settings, they are using a descriptive method called:

Accepted Answer

A)  case study survey research. 
B)  meta-analysis. 
C)  naturalistic observation. 
D)  the experimental method. 
A)  case study survey research. 
B)  meta-analysis. 
C)  naturalistic observation. 
D)  the experimental method.

Question 9

If the original source of a professional publication of a study is noted in a television or magazine report, you can be completely confident the findings of the study are valid and accurate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Researchers at the United Family Therapy Center are conducting a study to determine how quickly different forms of psychotherapy reduce symptoms of anxiety. What is the dependent variable in this study?

Accepted Answer

A)  change in the symptoms of anxiety 
B)  the method used to recruit participants for the study 
C)  the type of psychotherapy used to treat anxiety 
D)  the number of participants receiving each type of psychotherapy 
A)  change in the symptoms of anxiety 
B)  the method used to recruit participants for the study 
C)  the type of psychotherapy used to treat anxiety 
D)  the number of participants receiving each type of psychotherapy

Question 11

A hypothesis is to a question as a theory is to a model.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

All psychologists are automatically health psychologists because they are trained to administer psychotherapy to people with mental disorders.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Dr. Jackson is interested in how stress affects the brain and examines PET scans of individuals before and after stressful situations. Dr. Jackson's approach is part of the _____ perspective.

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral 
B)  cross-cultural 
C)  biological 
D)  psychodynamic 
A)  behavioral 
B)  cross-cultural 
C)  biological 
D)  psychodynamic

Question 14

For centuries, philosophers have debated which is more important: the inborn nature of the individual or the environmental influences that nurture the individual.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Crum and Langer formally reported the findings of their hotel experiment about the effect of perceiving work as exercise in Psychological Science.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Carl Sagan stated that "extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

In collectivistic cultures, a person's sense of identity is:

Accepted Answer

A)  primarily determined by his or her outstanding accomplishments. 
B)  strongly influenced by the person's interdependent relationships with others, such as the person's family. 
C)  largely a matter of individual preferences and attitudes. 
D)  best characterized as independent, autonomous, and distinctive. 
A)  primarily determined by his or her outstanding accomplishments. 
B)  strongly influenced by the person's interdependent relationships with others, such as the person's family. 
C)  largely a matter of individual preferences and attitudes. 
D)  best characterized as independent, autonomous, and distinctive.

Question 18

The hypothesis in the Crum and Langer hotel experiment was that:

Accepted Answer

A)  elderly people, who were led to believe that their health was "poor," have more health problems than those who perceived their health was "excellent." 
B)  there was a positive correlation between perception of health and longevity. 
C)  changing a person's beliefs and perceptions about the exercise benefits of a particular activity would result in actual health benefits. 
D)  there was a negative correlation between perception of health and longevity. 
A)  elderly people, who were led to believe that their health was "poor," have more health problems than those who perceived their health was "excellent." 
B)  there was a positive correlation between perception of health and longevity. 
C)  changing a person's beliefs and perceptions about the exercise benefits of a particular activity would result in actual health benefits. 
D)  there was a negative correlation between perception of health and longevity.

Question 19

What guidelines should you keep in mind when evaluating psychology-related information reported in the mass media?

Accepted Answer

When evaluating psychology-related infor

Question 20

The placebo control group is a control group in which participants are exposed to a fake independent variable, or placebo.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Which three factors do psychologists who take the psychodynamic perspective emphasize in explaining the underlying dynamics of human behavior?

In Crum and Langer's hotel experiment, the participants were:

The participants assigned to the control group or condition in Crum and Langer's hotel experiment were led to believe that housekeeping work was unhealthy and contributed to health problems.

When psychologists report the findings of a study in a scientific journal, it's important that they include a description of all of the following EXCEPT:

Random assignment means that all participants in the study have an equal chance of being assigned to any of the groups or conditions in an experiment.

The results of Crum and Langer's hotel experiment:

When psychologists systematically observe and record behaviors as they occur in their natural settings, they are using a descriptive method called:

If the original source of a professional publication of a study is noted in a television or magazine report, you can be completely confident the findings of the study are valid and accurate.

Researchers at the United Family Therapy Center are conducting a study to determine how quickly different forms of psychotherapy reduce symptoms of anxiety. What is the dependent variable in this study?

A hypothesis is to a question as a theory is to a model.

All psychologists are automatically health psychologists because they are trained to administer psychotherapy to people with mental disorders.

Dr. Jackson is interested in how stress affects the brain and examines PET scans of individuals before and after stressful situations. Dr. Jackson's approach is part of the _____ perspective.

For centuries, philosophers have debated which is more important: the inborn nature of the individual or the environmental influences that nurture the individual.

Crum and Langer formally reported the findings of their hotel experiment about the effect of perceiving work as exercise in Psychological Science.

Carl Sagan stated that "extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence."

In collectivistic cultures, a person's sense of identity is:

The hypothesis in the Crum and Langer hotel experiment was that:

What guidelines should you keep in mind when evaluating psychology-related information reported in the mass media?

The placebo control group is a control group in which participants are exposed to a fake independent variable, or placebo.

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness and Its Variations

Learning

Memory

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Lifespan Development

Personality

Social Psychology

Stress, Health, and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Filters

Exam 1: Introduction and Research Methods

Which three factors do psychologists who take the psychodynamic perspective emphasize in explaining the underlying dynamics of human behavior?

In Crum and Langer's hotel experiment, the participants were:

The participants assigned to the control group or condition in Crum and Langer's hotel experiment were led to believe that housekeeping work was unhealthy and contributed to health problems.

When psychologists report the findings of a study in a scientific journal, it's important that they include a description of all of the following EXCEPT:

Random assignment means that all participants in the study have an equal chance of being assigned to any of the groups or conditions in an experiment.

The results of Crum and Langer's hotel experiment:

When psychologists systematically observe and record behaviors as they occur in their natural settings, they are using a descriptive method called:

If the original source of a professional publication of a study is noted in a television or magazine report, you can be completely confident the findings of the study are valid and accurate.

Researchers at the United Family Therapy Center are conducting a study to determine how quickly different forms of psychotherapy reduce symptoms of anxiety. What is the dependent variable in this study?

A hypothesis is to a question as a theory is to a model.

All psychologists are automatically health psychologists because they are trained to administer psychotherapy to people with mental disorders.

Dr. Jackson is interested in how stress affects the brain and examines PET scans of individuals before and after stressful situations. Dr. Jackson's approach is part of the _____ perspective.

For centuries, philosophers have debated which is more important: the inborn nature of the individual or the environmental influences that nurture the individual.

Crum and Langer formally reported the findings of their hotel experiment about the effect of perceiving work as exercise in Psychological Science.

Carl Sagan stated that "extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence."

In collectivistic cultures, a person's sense of identity is:

The hypothesis in the Crum and Langer hotel experiment was that:

What guidelines should you keep in mind when evaluating psychology-related information reported in the mass media?

The placebo control group is a control group in which participants are exposed to a fake independent variable, or placebo.

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness and Its Variations

Learning

Memory

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Lifespan Development

Personality

Social Psychology

Stress, Health, and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Filters