Question 1

Norms of social behavior are virtually identical in all developed countries.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Discuss Charles Darwin's influence on William James and explain how Darwin's theory of evolution contributed to psychology.

Accepted Answer

Charles Darwin's influence on William Ja

Question 3

For survey results to apply to a particular group, every person within that group must respond to the survey questionnaire.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

A case study is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  in-depth investigation of a single individual or a small group of individuals, often involving information from a wide variety of sources. 
B)  method of determining whether an experiment reflects natural conditions. 
C)  survey involving only people who are likely to confirm the experimenter's hypothesis. 
D)  study involving multiple participants who all suffer from the same psychological problems and are given the same experimental treatment. 
A)  in-depth investigation of a single individual or a small group of individuals, often involving information from a wide variety of sources. 
B)  method of determining whether an experiment reflects natural conditions. 
C)  survey involving only people who are likely to confirm the experimenter's hypothesis. 
D)  study involving multiple participants who all suffer from the same psychological problems and are given the same experimental treatment.

Question 5

A correlation coefficient is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  numerical indicator of the strength and direction of a relationship between two factors. 
B)  independent variable that is used in a correlational study. 
C)  numerical indicator of the statistical significance of the findings in a particular research study. 
D)  index of the practical rather than the statistical significance of research findings. 
A)  numerical indicator of the strength and direction of a relationship between two factors. 
B)  independent variable that is used in a correlational study. 
C)  numerical indicator of the statistical significance of the findings in a particular research study. 
D)  index of the practical rather than the statistical significance of research findings.

Question 6

All psychiatrists and clinical psychologists can prescribe medications and treat mental illness with a variety of medical procedures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Researchers who were interested in the effects of alcohol consumption on perceived attractiveness of members of the opposite sex randomly assigned participants to two groups. Each participant in the first group received a fruit flavored drink containing a set amount of alcohol and those in the second group received an identical tasting drink with no alcohol. Next, the participants viewed pictures of members of the opposite sex and rated their attractiveness on a scale of 1 to 10. Which of the following is the independent variable in this study?

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol consumption 
B)  ratings on the attractiveness scale 
C)  the taste of the drinks 
D)  perceived attractiveness 
A)  alcohol consumption 
B)  ratings on the attractiveness scale 
C)  the taste of the drinks 
D)  perceived attractiveness

Question 8

Who conditioned dogs to reflexively salivate at the sound of a bell, even in the absence of food?

Accepted Answer

A)  American psychologist Margaret Washburn 
B)  Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov 
C)  Austrian physician Sigmund Freud 
D)  American psychologist B. F. Skinner 
A)  American psychologist Margaret Washburn 
B)  Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov 
C)  Austrian physician Sigmund Freud 
D)  American psychologist B. F. Skinner

Question 9

Apes and monkeys are, by far, the most commonly used nonhuman animals in psychological research in the United States.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

"What are the most basic units or structures of consciousness?" This is a question that would most likely be of interest to a follower of:

Accepted Answer

A)  humanism. 
B)  behaviorism. 
C)  functionalism. 
D)  structuralism. 
A)  humanism. 
B)  behaviorism. 
C)  functionalism. 
D)  structuralism.

Question 11

Which of the following statements does the Chapter 1 'Focus on Neuroscience' feature NOT mention as a potential limitation of brain imaging studies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because the participants in the brain-imaging studies usually have some type of brain damage, it is difficult to draw conclusions about the functioning of the healthy, intact human brain. 
B)  Because brain-imaging research tends to involve small groups of participants, researchers must exercise caution in generalizing results to a wider population. 
C)  If a psychological process is complex, it is much less likely that brain imaging will identify a specific brain region uniquely associated with that psychological process. 
D)  Knowing that a particular psychological process activates a particular brain area does not necessarily further the explanation or understanding of the psychological process. 
A)  Because the participants in the brain-imaging studies usually have some type of brain damage, it is difficult to draw conclusions about the functioning of the healthy, intact human brain. 
B)  Because brain-imaging research tends to involve small groups of participants, researchers must exercise caution in generalizing results to a wider population. 
C)  If a psychological process is complex, it is much less likely that brain imaging will identify a specific brain region uniquely associated with that psychological process. 
D)  Knowing that a particular psychological process activates a particular brain area does not necessarily further the explanation or understanding of the psychological process.

Question 12

What are the basic ideas and assumptions of behaviorism?

Accepted Answer

Behaviorism is a psychological theory th

Question 13

Who was Sigmund Freud, and what were the basic ideas of the school of psychological thought he founded?

Accepted Answer

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) was an Austria

Question 14

In contrast to collectivistic cultures, individualistic cultures tend to:

Accepted Answer

A)  value the needs and goals of the individual over the needs and goals of the group. 
B)  stress the interdependence of all people. 
C)  be less susceptible to cultural influences. 
D)  downplay individual abilities and achievements. 
A)  value the needs and goals of the individual over the needs and goals of the group. 
B)  stress the interdependence of all people. 
C)  be less susceptible to cultural influences. 
D)  downplay individual abilities and achievements.

Question 15

Researchers adhere to ethical guidelines by allowing students who don't want to participate in an experiment the option of choosing a different activity to fulfill the class requirement or to get extra credit.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In an experiment investigating the hypothesis that aerobic exercise improves concentration and memory, all the participants had an equal chance of being assigned to any of the three conditions in the study. The researchers used _____ to minimize the possibility of bias when assigning participants to the different groups.

Accepted Answer

A)  the practice effect 
B)  random assignment 
C)  the single-blind technique 
D)  the double-blind technique 
A)  the practice effect 
B)  random assignment 
C)  the single-blind technique 
D)  the double-blind technique

Question 17

_____ is a branch of biology that studies the functions and parts of living organisms, including humans.

Accepted Answer

A)  Neuroscience 
B)  Interactive dualism 
C)  Comparative psychology 
D)  Physiology 
A)  Neuroscience 
B)  Interactive dualism 
C)  Comparative psychology 
D)  Physiology

Question 18

In striving to identify and understand consistent patterns of behavior, psychologists are open-minded. That is, they are willing to consider new or alternative explanations of behavior and mental processes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

A disadvantage of the experimental method is that results obtained in an artificial, well-controlled environment may not generalize well to everyday life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Descriptive methods are research strategies for observing and describing behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Norms of social behavior are virtually identical in all developed countries.

Discuss Charles Darwin's influence on William James and explain how Darwin's theory of evolution contributed to psychology.

For survey results to apply to a particular group, every person within that group must respond to the survey questionnaire.

A case study is a(n):

A correlation coefficient is a(n):

All psychiatrists and clinical psychologists can prescribe medications and treat mental illness with a variety of medical procedures.

Who conditioned dogs to reflexively salivate at the sound of a bell, even in the absence of food?

Apes and monkeys are, by far, the most commonly used nonhuman animals in psychological research in the United States.

"What are the most basic units or structures of consciousness?" This is a question that would most likely be of interest to a follower of:

Which of the following statements does the Chapter 1 'Focus on Neuroscience' feature NOT mention as a potential limitation of brain imaging studies?

What are the basic ideas and assumptions of behaviorism?

Who was Sigmund Freud, and what were the basic ideas of the school of psychological thought he founded?

In contrast to collectivistic cultures, individualistic cultures tend to:

Researchers adhere to ethical guidelines by allowing students who don't want to participate in an experiment the option of choosing a different activity to fulfill the class requirement or to get extra credit.

_____ is a branch of biology that studies the functions and parts of living organisms, including humans.

In striving to identify and understand consistent patterns of behavior, psychologists are open-minded. That is, they are willing to consider new or alternative explanations of behavior and mental processes.

A disadvantage of the experimental method is that results obtained in an artificial, well-controlled environment may not generalize well to everyday life.

Descriptive methods are research strategies for observing and describing behavior.

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness and Its Variations

Learning

Memory

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Lifespan Development

Personality

Social Psychology

Stress, Health, and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Filters

Exam 1: Introduction and Research Methods

Norms of social behavior are virtually identical in all developed countries.

Discuss Charles Darwin's influence on William James and explain how Darwin's theory of evolution contributed to psychology.

For survey results to apply to a particular group, every person within that group must respond to the survey questionnaire.

A case study is a(n):

A correlation coefficient is a(n):

All psychiatrists and clinical psychologists can prescribe medications and treat mental illness with a variety of medical procedures.

Who conditioned dogs to reflexively salivate at the sound of a bell, even in the absence of food?

Apes and monkeys are, by far, the most commonly used nonhuman animals in psychological research in the United States.

"What are the most basic units or structures of consciousness?" This is a question that would most likely be of interest to a follower of:

Which of the following statements does the Chapter 1 'Focus on Neuroscience' feature NOT mention as a potential limitation of brain imaging studies?

What are the basic ideas and assumptions of behaviorism?

Who was Sigmund Freud, and what were the basic ideas of the school of psychological thought he founded?

In contrast to collectivistic cultures, individualistic cultures tend to:

Researchers adhere to ethical guidelines by allowing students who don't want to participate in an experiment the option of choosing a different activity to fulfill the class requirement or to get extra credit.

_____ is a branch of biology that studies the functions and parts of living organisms, including humans.

In striving to identify and understand consistent patterns of behavior, psychologists are open-minded. That is, they are willing to consider new or alternative explanations of behavior and mental processes.

A disadvantage of the experimental method is that results obtained in an artificial, well-controlled environment may not generalize well to everyday life.

Descriptive methods are research strategies for observing and describing behavior.

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness and Its Variations

Learning

Memory

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Lifespan Development

Personality

Social Psychology

Stress, Health, and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Filters