Exam 1: Introduction and Research Methods

A meta-analysis is most useful when:

As scientists, psychologists are guided by several attitudes, including being open-minded, maintaining a healthy sense of scientific skepticism, and critically evaluating the evidence for new findings.

According to Freud, glimpses of unconscious impulses were revealed in everyday life in dreams, memory blocks, and slips of the tongue.

As you flip through the television channels, you come across the "Psychic Circle," which advertises "psychics" who use "scientifically proven methods" to see the future. This is an example of:

Which of the following statements about Francis C. Sumner is TRUE?

In Crum and Langer's hotel experiment, the participants were randomly assigned on an individual basis to either the high exercise group or the low exercise group.

Individualistic cultures emphasize the importance of the individual in meeting the needs and the goals of the cultural group.

When college students are enrolled in a class in which participation in psychological research is part of the course requirement:

Contrast the approach to psychology taken by those who follow the behavioral perspective to those who follow the cognitive perspective.

Lynn has just received a research grant to study the effect of downsizing on morale at a large computer company. Lynn is most likely a(n) _____ psychologist.

Dr. Campbell helps returning soldiers and their families deal with combat stress, readjust to civilian life, and cope with injuries. Dr. Campbell would be classified as a(n) _____ psychologist.

A common problem in trying to evaluate psychology research presented in the mass media is that reporters often want to boil complex psychological studies down to a 10-second sound bite.

Which type of research method is used to show that one variable causes change in another variable?

The experimental group is the group of:

The results of correlational research based on a student survey about health, diet and exercise, and personality measures contradicted the results of Crum and Langer's hotel experiment.

The primary goal of naturalistic observation is to:

Today's psychologists tend to identify themselves with a particular perspective in psychology according to the psychological topics that they investigate and the specialty areas in which they have been trained.

The early school of psychology called behaviorism:

What was the independent variable in Crum and Langer's hotel experiment?

Theresa is attracted to a relatively new area of psychology that focuses on the conditions and processes that contribute to optimal functioning of people, groups, and institutions. She believes that psychology should be concerned with topics such as personal happiness, optimism, creativity, wisdom, and the institutions that foster these qualities in individuals and communities. Her views are most consistent with the _____ perspective in psychology.