Exam 1: Introduction and Research Methods

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of collectivistic cultures?

A noninvasive technique that produces detailed images of the brain using electromagnetic signals generated by the brain in response to magnetic fields is called magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

List and describe the eight major perspectives in contemporary psychology described in the text. Be sure to address how each perspective differs in emphasis and approach.

Which of the following early psychologists wrote The Animal Mind and strongly advocated the scientific study of the mental processes of different animal species?

The _____ perspective emphasizes studying the physical bases of human and animal behavior, including the nervous system, endocrine system, immune system, and genetics.

Who would have been most likely to say: "You behave the way you do for unconscious reasons, not because of reasons in your consciousness"?

When a student participates as a research subject to fulfill a course requirement, the student must be given a choice of an alternative activity to fulfill the course requirement.

What relatively recent developments have reinforced interest in the biological perspective of psychology?

Which perspective in contemporary psychology did Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow influence? What is the focus of this perspective?

The critical thinker first draws conclusions and then evaluates the evidence for the conclusions.

Even if two factors are very strongly correlated, correlation does NOT necessarily indicate causality.

Dr. Bremmer investigates mental processes, including reasoning and thinking, problem solving, perception, memory, and language. Dr. Bremmer is a cognitive psychologist.

The word replicate refers to:

What are some of the reasons that psychologists use animals in research?

_____ psychology is most interested in examining individual differences and the characteristics that make each person unique.

In his research, Dr. Klein explores the effects of social environments on psychological well-being. He is particularly interested in helping behavior, conformity, obedience, prejudice, and aggression. Dr. Klein is a social psychologist.

Researchers who were interested in the effects of alcohol consumption on perceived attractiveness of members of the opposite sex randomly assigned participants to two groups. Each participant in the first group received a fruit flavored drink containing a set amount of alcohol and those in the second group received an identical tasting drink with no alcohol. Next, the participants viewed pictures of members of the opposite sex and rated their attractiveness on a scale of 1 to 10. What was the operational definition of the treatment or independent variable?

One criticism of Crum and Langer's hotel experiment was that:

Which of the following people developed a theory of motivation that emphasized psychological growth?

In a research study, subtle cues or signals the research expresses that communicate the kind of response or behavior that is expected from the participant are referred to as practice effects.