Exam 2: The Chemical Context of Life

Identical heat lamps are arranged to shine on identical containers of water and methanol (wood alcohol)so that each liquid absorbs the same amount of energy minute by minute.The covalent bonds of methanol molecules are nonpolar,so there are no hydrogen bonds among methanol molecules.Which of the following graphs correctly describes what will happen to the temperature of the water and the methanol?

Which of the following are the strongest molecular interactions?

Figure 2.3 -Which drawing in Figure 2.3 depicts the electron configuration of an atom that can form covalent bonds with up to two hydrogen atoms?

Approximately what percentage of human-generated atmospheric CO₂ is absorbed by the oceans?

How would acidification of seawater affect marine organisms?

Figure 2.4 -In Figure 2.4,how many electrons does nitrogen have in its valence shell?

Figure 2.7 Based on your knowledge of the polarity of water molecules,the solute molecule depicted in Figure 2.7 is most likely

If an atom of sulfur (atomic number 16)were allowed to react with atoms of hydrogen (atomic number 1),which of the following molecules would be formed?

How many glucose molecules are contained in 0.1 liter of a 10 M solution of glucose in water?

One liter of a solution of pH 4 has how many more hydrogen ions (H⁺)than 1 L of a solution of pH 9?

Figure 2.4 -In Figure 2.4,how many unpaired electrons does phosphorus have in its valence shell?

CO₂ absorbed by the oceans combines with water to form H₂CO₃.Which of the following will result from increasing the concentration of H₂CO₃ in the oceans?

Sulfur has an atomic number of 16 and a mass number of 32.How many electrons are needed to complete the valence shell of a sulfur atom?

Which of the following solutions would require addition of the greatest amount of base to bring the solution to neutral pH?

Conversion of liquid water to water vapor requires breaking which of the following types of bonds?

Which bond or interaction would be most difficult to disrupt when compounds are put into water?

Which of the atoms shown would be most likely to form an anion with a charge of +1?

Which of the following takes place as an ice cube cools a drink?

If the cytoplasm of a cell is at pH 7,and the interior of an organelle is pH 8,this means that

Given only a mass number,one can deduce the number of ________ in each atom of an element.