Question 1

Molybdenum has an atomic number of 42.Several common isotopes exist,with mass numbers of 92,94,95,96,97,98,and 100.Therefore,which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The isotopes of molybdenum can have between 50 and 58 neutrons. 
B) The isotopes of molybdenum have different numbers of valence electrons. 
C) The isotopes of molybdenum can have between 50 and 58 protons. 
D) The isotopes of molybdenum can have between 92 and 100 electrons. 
A) The isotopes of molybdenum can have between 50 and 58 neutrons. 
B) The isotopes of molybdenum have different numbers of valence electrons. 
C) The isotopes of molybdenum can have between 50 and 58 protons. 
D) The isotopes of molybdenum can have between 92 and 100 electrons.

Question 2

An equal volume (5 mL)of milk of magnesia from a freshly opened bottle is added to each of the following solutions.After complete mixing,which of the mixtures will have the lowest pH?

Accepted Answer

A) 100 mL of pure water 
B) 100 mL of freshly brewed coffee 
C) 100 mL of household cleanser containing 0.5 M ammonia 
D) 100 mL of freshly squeezed lemon juice 
E) 100 mL of household cleanser containing 0.5 M bleach 
A) 100 mL of pure water 
B) 100 mL of freshly brewed coffee 
C) 100 mL of household cleanser containing 0.5 M ammonia 
D) 100 mL of freshly squeezed lemon juice 
E) 100 mL of household cleanser containing 0.5 M bleach

Question 3

Consider two solutions: solution X has a pH of 4;solution Y has a pH of 7.From this information,we can reasonably conclude that

Accepted Answer

A) solution Y has no free hydrogen ions (H+)because the solution is neutral. 
B) the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution X is 30 times greater than the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution Y. 
C) the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution Y is 1,000 times greater than the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution X. 
D) the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution X is 3 times greater than the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution Y. 
E) the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution X is 1,000 times greater than the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution Y. 
A) solution Y has no free hydrogen ions (H+)because the solution is neutral. 
B) the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution X is 30 times greater than the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution Y. 
C) the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution Y is 1,000 times greater than the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution X. 
D) the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution X is 3 times greater than the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution Y. 
E) the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution X is 1,000 times greater than the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution Y.

Question 4

Unequal sharing of electrons between atoms will result in which of the following interactions?

Accepted Answer

A) a nonpolar covalent bond 
B) a polar covalent bond 
C) an ionic bond 
D) a hydrophobic interaction 
A) a nonpolar covalent bond 
B) a polar covalent bond 
C) an ionic bond 
D) a hydrophobic interaction

Question 5

Figure 2.6
-What results from the chemical reaction illustrated in Figure 2.6?

Accepted Answer

A) formation of a covalent bond 
B) formation of an ionic bond 
C) formation of a hydrogen bond 
D) formation of an anion with a net charge of +1 and a cation with a net charge of -1 
A) formation of a covalent bond 
B) formation of an ionic bond 
C) formation of a hydrogen bond 
D) formation of an anion with a net charge of +1 and a cation with a net charge of -1

Question 6

The atomic number of sulfur is 16,which indicates that a sulfur atom contains

Accepted Answer

A) 16 neutrons. 
B) 16 protons. 
C) 16 protons and 16 neutrons. 
D) 8 electrons in its outermost electron shell. 
E) 8 protons and 8 neutrons. 
A) 16 neutrons. 
B) 16 protons. 
C) 16 protons and 16 neutrons. 
D) 8 electrons in its outermost electron shell. 
E) 8 protons and 8 neutrons.

Question 7

What is the hydroxyl ion (OH-)concentration of a solution of pH 8?

Accepted Answer

A) 8 M 
B) 8 × 10-6 M 
C) 0.01 M 
D) 10-8 M 
E) 10-6 M 
A) 8 M 
B) 8 × 10-6 M 
C) 0.01 M 
D) 10-8 M 
E) 10-6 M

Question 8

In ammonium chloride salt (NH4Cl),the anion is a single chloride ion, (Cl¯).What is the cation of NH4Cl salt?

Accepted Answer

A) N,with a charge of +1 
B) NH,with a charge of +1 
C) H3,with a charge of +1 
D) NH4,with a charge of +1 
E) NH4,with a charge of +4 
A) N,with a charge of +1 
B) NH,with a charge of +1 
C) H3,with a charge of +1 
D) NH4,with a charge of +1 
E) NH4,with a charge of +4

Question 9

Buffers are substances that help resist shifts in pH by

Accepted Answer

A) releasing H+ to a solution when acids are added. 
B) accepting OH- from a solution when bases are added. 
C) releasing OH- to a solution when bases are added. 
D) accepting H+ from a solution when acids are added. 
E) accepting OH- from a solution when acids are added. 
A) releasing H+ to a solution when acids are added. 
B) accepting OH- from a solution when bases are added. 
C) releasing OH- to a solution when bases are added. 
D) accepting H+ from a solution when acids are added. 
E) accepting OH- from a solution when acids are added.

Question 10

The molar mass of glucose (C6H12O6)is 180 g/mol.Which of the following procedures should you carry out to make a 0.5 M solution of glucose?

Accepted Answer

A) Dissolve 0.5 g of glucose in a small volume of water,and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L. 
B) Dissolve 90 g of glucose in a small volume of water,and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L. 
C) Dissolve 180 g of glucose in a small volume of water,and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L. 
D) Dissolve 0.5 g of glucose in 1 L of water. 
E) Dissolve 180 g of glucose in 0.5 L of water. 
A) Dissolve 0.5 g of glucose in a small volume of water,and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L. 
B) Dissolve 90 g of glucose in a small volume of water,and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L. 
C) Dissolve 180 g of glucose in a small volume of water,and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L. 
D) Dissolve 0.5 g of glucose in 1 L of water. 
E) Dissolve 180 g of glucose in 0.5 L of water.

Question 11

The chemical behavior of an atom depends primarily upon which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) the number of neutrons in the nucleus 
B) the number of protons in the nucleus 
C) the number of electrons in the valence shell 
D) the total number of electrons contained by the atom 
E) the number of electron shells contained by the atom 
A) the number of neutrons in the nucleus 
B) the number of protons in the nucleus 
C) the number of electrons in the valence shell 
D) the total number of electrons contained by the atom 
E) the number of electron shells contained by the atom

Question 12

Carbon dioxide (CO2)is readily soluble in water,according to the equation CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3.Carbonic acid (H2CO3)is a weak acid.If CO2 is bubbled into a beaker containing pure,freshly distilled water,which of the following graphs correctly describes the results?

Accepted Answer

A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) 
  
E) 
  
A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) 
  
E)

Question 13

Research indicates that acid precipitation can damage marine corals by

Accepted Answer

A) buffering ocean waters. 
B) decreasing the H+ concentration in oceans. 
C) increasing the OH- concentration in oceans. 
D) decreasing the concentration of carbonate ions in oceans. 
E) decreasing the calcium ion concentration in oceans. 
A) buffering ocean waters. 
B) decreasing the H+ concentration in oceans. 
C) increasing the OH- concentration in oceans. 
D) decreasing the concentration of carbonate ions in oceans. 
E) decreasing the calcium ion concentration in oceans.

Question 14

Figure 2.1
Which of the following best describes the relationship between the atoms described in Figure 2.1?

Accepted Answer

A) They are compounds. 
B) They are polymers. 
C) They are isotopes. 
D) They contain 1 and 3 protons,respectively. 
E) They each contain 1 neutron. 
A) They are compounds. 
B) They are polymers. 
C) They are isotopes. 
D) They contain 1 and 3 protons,respectively. 
E) They each contain 1 neutron.

Question 15

What is the pH of a 10-3 M NaOH solution?

Accepted Answer

A) pH 3 
B) pH 8 
C) pH 9 
D) pH 10 
E) pH 11 
A) pH 3 
B) pH 8 
C) pH 9 
D) pH 10 
E) pH 11

Exam 2: The Chemical Context of Life

Molybdenum has an atomic number of 42.Several common isotopes exist,with mass numbers of 92,94,95,96,97,98,and 100.Therefore,which of the following is true?

An equal volume (5 mL)of milk of magnesia from a freshly opened bottle is added to each of the following solutions.After complete mixing,which of the mixtures will have the lowest pH?

Consider two solutions: solution X has a pH of 4;solution Y has a pH of 7.From this information,we can reasonably conclude that

Unequal sharing of electrons between atoms will result in which of the following interactions?

Figure 2.6 -What results from the chemical reaction illustrated in Figure 2.6?

The atomic number of sulfur is 16,which indicates that a sulfur atom contains

What is the hydroxyl ion (OH-)concentration of a solution of pH 8?

In ammonium chloride salt (NH4Cl),the anion is a single chloride ion, (Cl¯).What is the cation of NH4Cl salt?

Buffers are substances that help resist shifts in pH by

The molar mass of glucose (C6H12O6)is 180 g/mol.Which of the following procedures should you carry out to make a 0.5 M solution of glucose?

The chemical behavior of an atom depends primarily upon which of the following?

Carbon dioxide (CO2)is readily soluble in water,according to the equation CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3.Carbonic acid (H2CO3)is a weak acid.If CO2 is bubbled into a beaker containing pure,freshly distilled water,which of the following graphs correctly describes the results?

Research indicates that acid precipitation can damage marine corals by

Figure 2.1 Which of the following best describes the relationship between the atoms described in Figure 2.1?

What is the pH of a 10-3 M NaOH solution?

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development,stem Cells,and Cancer

Viruses

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

Broad Patterns of Evolution

Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Plant Structure and Growth

Resource Acquisition,nutrition,and Transport in Vascular Plants

Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Neurons,synapses,and Signaling

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems and Energy

Conservation Biology and Global Change

Filters

What is the hydroxyl ion (OH^-)concentration of a solution of pH 8?

In ammonium chloride salt (NH₄Cl),the anion is a single chloride ion, (Cl¯).What is the cation of NH₄Cl salt?

The molar mass of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)is 180 g/mol.Which of the following procedures should you carry out to make a 0.5 M solution of glucose?

Carbon dioxide (CO₂)is readily soluble in water,according to the equation CO₂ + H₂O ↔ H₂CO₃.Carbonic acid (H₂CO₃)is a weak acid.If CO₂ is bubbled into a beaker containing pure,freshly distilled water,which of the following graphs correctly describes the results?

What is the pH of a 10^-3 M NaOH solution?