Question 1

A protein kinase catalyzes which of the following types of chemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

A) oxidation 
B) phosphorylation 
C) dephosphorylation 
D) hydrolysis 
E) condensation 
A) oxidation 
B) phosphorylation 
C) dephosphorylation 
D) hydrolysis 
E) condensation

Question 2

Start with the following chemical reaction at equilibrium: A -B. If you add product B to the system from a separate pathway, then what change in the reaction occurs?

Accepted Answer

A) Because the reaction is at equilibrium, there will be no change in rates of either the forward or reverse reaction. 
B) Because the reaction is at equilibrium, the rates of both the forward and reverse reactions increase. 
C) The rate of the forward reaction increases. 
D) The rate of the reverse reaction increases. 
E) The rate of the forward and reverse reactions both decrease. 
A) Because the reaction is at equilibrium, there will be no change in rates of either the forward or reverse reaction. 
B) Because the reaction is at equilibrium, the rates of both the forward and reverse reactions increase. 
C) The rate of the forward reaction increases. 
D) The rate of the reverse reaction increases. 
E) The rate of the forward and reverse reactions both decrease.

Question 3

An increase in the concentration of enzyme will increase the reaction rate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

In the induced- fit model for enzyme activity, the substrate alters the _ _ of the site on the enzyme.

Accepted Answer

A) shape : allosteric 
B) conformation : inactive 
C) conformation : allosteric 
D) activity : active 
E) conformation : active 
A) shape : allosteric 
B) conformation : inactive 
C) conformation : allosteric 
D) activity : active 
E) conformation : active

Question 5

Phosphorylation reactions are specific examples of a condensation reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

An increase in the affinity of an enzyme for its substrate will increase the reaction rate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Identify the following chemical reaction by its type: C6H12O6 + 6 O2 -6 CO2 + 6 H2O.

Accepted Answer

A) condensation 
B) oxidation 
C) phosphorylation 
D) reduction 
E) hydrolysis 
A) condensation 
B) oxidation 
C) phosphorylation 
D) reduction 
E) hydrolysis

Question 8

A-B + H2O -A-OH + H-B describes what type of reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) hydrolysis 
B) oxidation 
C) condensation 
D) phosphorylation 
E) reduction 
A) hydrolysis 
B) oxidation 
C) condensation 
D) phosphorylation 
E) reduction

Question 9

In order for a reaction to proceed past the transition state, the reaction must overcome what energy barrier?

Accepted Answer

A) kinetic energy 
B) equilibrium 
C) the law of mass action 
D) potential energy 
E) the activation energy barrier 
A) kinetic energy 
B) equilibrium 
C) the law of mass action 
D) potential energy 
E) the activation energy barrier

Question 10

Identify the following chemical reaction by its type: Protein + Phosphate -Protein - Phosphate.

Accepted Answer

A) oxidation 
B) condensation 
C) hydrolysis 
D) phosphorylation 
E) reduction 
A) oxidation 
B) condensation 
C) hydrolysis 
D) phosphorylation 
E) reduction

Question 11

Energy- releasing reactions occur spontaneously.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Enzymes are proteins. If the enzyme concentration is increased, the rate of activity of the enzyme will increase exponentially as long as there is substrate to bind. How does the body increase the enzyme concentration?

Accepted Answer

A) by increasing the body's core temperature 
B) through feedback inhibition 
C) by increasing the catalytic rate 
D) through protein synthesis 
E) through DNA replication 
A) by increasing the body's core temperature 
B) through feedback inhibition 
C) by increasing the catalytic rate 
D) through protein synthesis 
E) through DNA replication

Question 13

Which of the following statements about the law of mass action is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) An increase in the concentration of reactants relative to products tends to push a reaction forward, and an increase in the concentration of products relative to reactants tends to push a reaction in reverse. 
B) After reaching equilibrium, more reactant is added, which causes the production of more product. 
C) Equilibrium is reached when the concentration of reactant equals the concentration of product. 
D) It is critical in physiological processes because concentrations of reactants and products in cells and body fluids constantly change. 
E) The slope of a curve represents the rate of reaction; the greater the slope the faster the rate of reaction. 
A) An increase in the concentration of reactants relative to products tends to push a reaction forward, and an increase in the concentration of products relative to reactants tends to push a reaction in reverse. 
B) After reaching equilibrium, more reactant is added, which causes the production of more product. 
C) Equilibrium is reached when the concentration of reactant equals the concentration of product. 
D) It is critical in physiological processes because concentrations of reactants and products in cells and body fluids constantly change. 
E) The slope of a curve represents the rate of reaction; the greater the slope the faster the rate of reaction.

Question 14

Proteins are broken down to amino acids by

Accepted Answer

A) protein synthesis. 
B) beta oxidation. 
C) gluconeogenesis. 
D) proteolysis. 
E) lipolysis. 
A) protein synthesis. 
B) beta oxidation. 
C) gluconeogenesis. 
D) proteolysis. 
E) lipolysis.

Question 15

During , a phosphate group is transferred from a metabolic intermediate to an ADP to synthesize ATP.

Accepted Answer

A) feedforward activation 
B) feedback inhibition 
C) oxidative phosphorylation 
D) chemiosmotic coupling 
E) substrate- level phosphorylation 
A) feedforward activation 
B) feedback inhibition 
C) oxidative phosphorylation 
D) chemiosmotic coupling 
E) substrate- level phosphorylation

Question 16

Which of the following molecules is a substrate for gluconeogenesis?

Accepted Answer

A) amino acids only 
B) glycogen only 
C) glycerol only 
D) amino acids and glycerol only 
E) amino acids, glycogen, and glycerol 
A) amino acids only 
B) glycogen only 
C) glycerol only 
D) amino acids and glycerol only 
E) amino acids, glycogen, and glycerol

Question 17

The conversion of triglycerides to glycerol and fatty acids is called

Accepted Answer

A) triglycerolysis. 
B) lipolysis. 
C) liposuction. 
D) gluconeogenesis. 
E) glycolysis. 
A) triglycerolysis. 
B) lipolysis. 
C) liposuction. 
D) gluconeogenesis. 
E) glycolysis.

Question 18

The greater the attractive forces between substrate and enzyme, that enzyme is said to have a higher for the substrate.

Accepted Answer

A) affinity 
B) coenzyme activity 
C) cofactor activity 
D) repulsion 
E) catalytic rate 
A) affinity 
B) coenzyme activity 
C) cofactor activity 
D) repulsion 
E) catalytic rate

Question 19

Pyruvate is the final product of what stage of glucose oxidation?

Accepted Answer

A) glycolysis 
B) Krebs cycle 
C) electron transport chain 
D) glycogenesis 
E) gluconeogenesis 
A) glycolysis 
B) Krebs cycle 
C) electron transport chain 
D) glycogenesis 
E) gluconeogenesis

Question 20

Which of the following would NOT increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) adding a catalyst 
B) adding an enzyme 
C) increasing the activation energy barrier 
D) increasing the concentration of reactants 
E) increasing the temperature 
A) adding a catalyst 
B) adding an enzyme 
C) increasing the activation energy barrier 
D) increasing the concentration of reactants 
E) increasing the temperature

Exam 3: Cell Metabolism

A protein kinase catalyzes which of the following types of chemical reactions?

Start with the following chemical reaction at equilibrium: A -B. If you add product B to the system from a separate pathway, then what change in the reaction occurs?

An increase in the concentration of enzyme will increase the reaction rate.

In the induced- fit model for enzyme activity, the substrate alters the _ _ of the site on the enzyme.

Phosphorylation reactions are specific examples of a condensation reaction.

An increase in the affinity of an enzyme for its substrate will increase the reaction rate.

Identify the following chemical reaction by its type: C6H12O6 + 6 O2 -6 CO2 + 6 H2O.

A-B + H2O -A-OH + H-B describes what type of reaction?

In order for a reaction to proceed past the transition state, the reaction must overcome what energy barrier?

Identify the following chemical reaction by its type: Protein + Phosphate -Protein - Phosphate.

Energy- releasing reactions occur spontaneously.

Enzymes are proteins. If the enzyme concentration is increased, the rate of activity of the enzyme will increase exponentially as long as there is substrate to bind. How does the body increase the enzyme concentration?

Which of the following statements about the law of mass action is FALSE?

Proteins are broken down to amino acids by

During , a phosphate group is transferred from a metabolic intermediate to an ADP to synthesize ATP.

Which of the following molecules is a substrate for gluconeogenesis?

The conversion of triglycerides to glycerol and fatty acids is called

The greater the attractive forces between substrate and enzyme, that enzyme is said to have a higher for the substrate.

Pyruvate is the final product of what stage of glucose oxidation?

Which of the following would NOT increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

Introduction to Physiology

The Cell: Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Transport

Chemical Messengers

The Endocrine System: Endocrine Glands and Hormone Actions

Nerve Cells and Electrical Signaling

Synaptic Transmission and Neural Integration

The Nervous System: Central Nervous System

The Nervous System: Sensory Systems

The Nervous System: Autonomic and Motor Systems

Muscle Physiology

The Cardiovascular System: Cardiac Function

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels, Blood Flow, and Blood Pressure

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Respiratory System: Pulmonary Ventilation

The Respiratory System: Gas Exchange and the Regulation of Breathing

The Urinary System: Renal Function

The Urinary System: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Gastrointestinal System

The Endocrine System: Regulation of Energy Metabolism and Growth

The Reproductive System

The Immune System

Diabetes Mellitus

Filters