Question 1

Where is the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

A) inner mitochondrial membrane 
B) intermembrane space of the mitochondria 
C) cytosol 
D) mitochondrial matrix 
E) outer mitochondrial membrane 
A) inner mitochondrial membrane 
B) intermembrane space of the mitochondria 
C) cytosol 
D) mitochondrial matrix 
E) outer mitochondrial membrane

Question 2

Identify the following chemical reaction by its type: FAD + 2H -FADH2.

Accepted Answer

A) phosphorylation 
B) oxidation 
C) reduction 
D) condensation 
E) hydrolysis 
A) phosphorylation 
B) oxidation 
C) reduction 
D) condensation 
E) hydrolysis

Question 3

Under anaerobic conditions, which of the following is a final product of glucose catabolism?

Accepted Answer

A) carbon dioxide 
B) lactic acid 
C) water 
D) pyruvic acid 
E) acetyl coenzyme A 
A) carbon dioxide 
B) lactic acid 
C) water 
D) pyruvic acid 
E) acetyl coenzyme A

Question 4

What process uses glucose to synthesize a larger molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) glycolysis 
B) electron transport chain 
C) Krebs cycle 
D) glycogenesis 
E) gluconeogenesis 
A) glycolysis 
B) electron transport chain 
C) Krebs cycle 
D) glycogenesis 
E) gluconeogenesis

Question 5

When a substrate binds to a protein via weak interactions, the substrate is referred to as a

Accepted Answer

A) ligand. 
B) modulator. 
C) reactant. 
D) peptide bond. 
E) product. 
A) ligand. 
B) modulator. 
C) reactant. 
D) peptide bond. 
E) product.

Question 6

Reaction rates higher or lower than required by the body lead to disease states. How does the body regulate its metabolic needs?

Accepted Answer

A) Reaction rates are regulated to match the body's needs at a particular moment. 
B) Product is produced faster than substrate. 
C) Reactants and products are at equilibrium. 
D) The control center maintains a constant temperature so reaction rates remain the same. 
E) Reactions move in the forward direction to produce product. 
A) Reaction rates are regulated to match the body's needs at a particular moment. 
B) Product is produced faster than substrate. 
C) Reactants and products are at equilibrium. 
D) The control center maintains a constant temperature so reaction rates remain the same. 
E) Reactions move in the forward direction to produce product.

Question 7

In a reaction that proceeds in the forward direction spontaneously, which has more free energy, the reactant or the product?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a reaction that proceeds in the...

Question 8

Where are the enzymes of glycolysis located within the cell?

Accepted Answer

A) outer mitochondrial membrane 
B) nucleus 
C) lysosome 
D) cytosol 
E) inner mitochondrial membrane 
A) outer mitochondrial membrane 
B) nucleus 
C) lysosome 
D) cytosol 
E) inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 9

How is glucose stored in muscle and liver cells?

Accepted Answer

A) amino acids 
B) lipids 
C) starch 
D) glycogen 
E) cellulose 
A) amino acids 
B) lipids 
C) starch 
D) glycogen 
E) cellulose

Question 10

The final product of glycolysis under aerobic conditions is pyruvate. What happens to pyruvate under aerobic conditions?

Accepted Answer

A) Pyruvate provides electrons to the electron transport chain. 
B) Pyruvate is converted to lactic acid in the cytosol. 
C) Pyruvate is converted to lactic acid in the mitochondrial matrix. 
D) Pyruvate is converted into acetyl CoA in the cytosol, and the acetyl CoA then enters the mitochondrial matrix. 
E) Pyruvate enters the mitochondrial matrix where it is converted into acetyl CoA. 
A) Pyruvate provides electrons to the electron transport chain. 
B) Pyruvate is converted to lactic acid in the cytosol. 
C) Pyruvate is converted to lactic acid in the mitochondrial matrix. 
D) Pyruvate is converted into acetyl CoA in the cytosol, and the acetyl CoA then enters the mitochondrial matrix. 
E) Pyruvate enters the mitochondrial matrix where it is converted into acetyl CoA.

Question 11

What is the strength of binding between an enzyme and substrate called?

Accepted Answer

A) peptide bond 
B) covalent modulator 
C) affinity 
D) enzyme- substrate complex 
E) ligand 
A) peptide bond 
B) covalent modulator 
C) affinity 
D) enzyme- substrate complex 
E) ligand

Question 12

Coenzyme A is derived from which of the following vitamins?

Accepted Answer

A) vitamin C 
B) niacin 
C) pantothenic acid 
D) riboflavin 
E) vitamin A 
A) vitamin C 
B) niacin 
C) pantothenic acid 
D) riboflavin 
E) vitamin A

Question 13

According to the law of mass action, an increase in the concentration of product will cause a reaction to move in the (forward / reverse)direction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the law of mass action,...

Question 14

What is the net energy yield for the anaerobic metabolism of one glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) two molecules of ATP and 0 NADH 
B) two molecules of ATP and three NADH 
C) two molecules of ATP and two NADH 
D) two molecules of NADH and 0 ATP 
E) 36 molecules of ATP and 0 NADH 
A) two molecules of ATP and 0 NADH 
B) two molecules of ATP and three NADH 
C) two molecules of ATP and two NADH 
D) two molecules of NADH and 0 ATP 
E) 36 molecules of ATP and 0 NADH

Question 15

What is the storage form of carbohydrates in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

A) starch 
B) creatine phosphate 
C) fat 
D) adipose tissue 
E) glycogen 
A) starch 
B) creatine phosphate 
C) fat 
D) adipose tissue 
E) glycogen

Question 16

In the chemical equation A + B "C + D, the arrow indicates that the reaction is

Accepted Answer

A) the net reaction of A+B. 
B) a metabolic pathway. 
C) bidirectional. 
D) unidirectional. 
E) None of the answers is correct. 
A) the net reaction of A+B. 
B) a metabolic pathway. 
C) bidirectional. 
D) unidirectional. 
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 17

Enzymes are important determinants of chemical reaction rates in the body. Describe the mechanisms by which enzymes function to stimulate a reaction.

Accepted Answer

Enzymes act as catalysts to increase the

Question 18

In the chemical equation A + B "C + D, the materials on the left- hand side of the equation are known as whereas the materials on the right- hand side of the equation are know as .

Accepted Answer

A) products : reactants 
B) anabolic : catabolic 
C) catabolic : anabolic 
D) reactants : products 
E) product : substrate 
A) products : reactants 
B) anabolic : catabolic 
C) catabolic : anabolic 
D) reactants : products 
E) product : substrate

Question 19

The following reaction is an example of an oxidation: FAD + 2 H+ -FADH2

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Insulin levels in the blood are elevated in response to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) increased blood glucose levels 
B) decreased blood triglycerides 
C) decreased blood fatty acids 
D) fasting for 12 hours 
E) sleep 
A) increased blood glucose levels 
B) decreased blood triglycerides 
C) decreased blood fatty acids 
D) fasting for 12 hours 
E) sleep

Exam 3: Cell Metabolism

Where is the electron transport chain?

Identify the following chemical reaction by its type: FAD + 2H -FADH2.

Under anaerobic conditions, which of the following is a final product of glucose catabolism?

What process uses glucose to synthesize a larger molecule?

When a substrate binds to a protein via weak interactions, the substrate is referred to as a

Reaction rates higher or lower than required by the body lead to disease states. How does the body regulate its metabolic needs?

In a reaction that proceeds in the forward direction spontaneously, which has more free energy, the reactant or the product?

Where are the enzymes of glycolysis located within the cell?

How is glucose stored in muscle and liver cells?

The final product of glycolysis under aerobic conditions is pyruvate. What happens to pyruvate under aerobic conditions?

What is the strength of binding between an enzyme and substrate called?

Coenzyme A is derived from which of the following vitamins?

According to the law of mass action, an increase in the concentration of product will cause a reaction to move in the (forward / reverse)direction.

What is the net energy yield for the anaerobic metabolism of one glucose molecule?

What is the storage form of carbohydrates in animal cells?

In the chemical equation A + B "C + D, the arrow indicates that the reaction is

Enzymes are important determinants of chemical reaction rates in the body. Describe the mechanisms by which enzymes function to stimulate a reaction.

In the chemical equation A + B "C + D, the materials on the left- hand side of the equation are known as whereas the materials on the right- hand side of the equation are know as .

The following reaction is an example of an oxidation: FAD + 2 H+ -FADH2

Insulin levels in the blood are elevated in response to which of the following?

Introduction to Physiology

The Cell: Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Transport

Chemical Messengers

The Endocrine System: Endocrine Glands and Hormone Actions

Nerve Cells and Electrical Signaling

Synaptic Transmission and Neural Integration

The Nervous System: Central Nervous System

The Nervous System: Sensory Systems

The Nervous System: Autonomic and Motor Systems

Muscle Physiology

The Cardiovascular System: Cardiac Function

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels, Blood Flow, and Blood Pressure

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Respiratory System: Pulmonary Ventilation

The Respiratory System: Gas Exchange and the Regulation of Breathing

The Urinary System: Renal Function

The Urinary System: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Gastrointestinal System

The Endocrine System: Regulation of Energy Metabolism and Growth

The Reproductive System

The Immune System

Diabetes Mellitus

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