Exam 1: Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

The independent variable in an experiment is

Regarding contemporary trends in psychology, which of the following statements is FALSE?

A theoretical question or statement, like "Will people lose more weight if they maintain a goal focus or if they maintain an achievement focus?," is too vague to be directly assessed. Therefore, theoretical questions are transformed into testable hypotheses through

Gino and Flynn wanted to find out whether people prefer to receive a requested gift, an unrequested gift, or money as a gift. According to the empirical evidence gathered, these researchers found that the gift recipients

Progress in psychology often depends on

Helen ties a frilly blue bow around the neck of her husband's bulldog, Bruiser. When her husband sees Bruiser trying to take the bow off, he explains to his wife that Bruiser is embarrassed to be seen wearing "the frilly little bow." Her husband's comment illustrates the

In research reports, a statement that "the results of the experiment were statistically significant" means that the difference must be large enough so that it would occur by chance in how many experiments out of 100?

Margot believes that people from New York City are rude. Her belief is based on

Karim is a law student, who reads an advertisement for a sleep-learning device that claims to have helped a law student pass the state bar exam. Karim should

In Freudian theory, the parts of the mind that are beyond awareness, especially conflicts, impulses, and desires not directly known to a person, are referred to today as

Jake is a psychologist, who is interested in how people's behavior is affected by the language they speak, the foods they eat, the laws they obey, and how their families disciplined when they were children. Jake is most likely a __________ psychologist.

An advantage of the case study method is that it

With its emphasis on stimuli and responses, which school of thought helped make psychology a natural science, rather than a branch of philosophy?

Eastern societies emphasize the importance of cooperation over individuality. The reverse tends to be true in Western societies. These findings would be of primary interest to which group of psychologists?

Which of the following is NOT one of the basic ethical guidelines for psychological researchers?

The manager of a grocery store shows you and your friend a tabloid headline "Flu Shots Have Been Proven to Cause the Flu." The manager says, "Those folks are right because every time I have ever taken a flu shot , I've gotten the flu." Your friend says, "Well, that settles it. I'm not taking a flu shot." As a critical thinker, what would you tell your friend?

A psychologist who observes a child for a week and writes a report that identifies and classifies the child's behavior is working toward the goal of

The functionalists were interested in how thoughts, feelings, perceptions, and habits help people and animals

Celia is a psychologist whose job involves promoting community-wide mental health through research, prevention, education, and consultation. Celia would be a __________ psychologist.

If you are a psychologist and your job involves expanding the market for products that are environmentally friendly, then you are most likely a(n)__________ psychologist.