Exam 1: Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

Most clinical psychologists hold a Ph.D. degree and follow a scientist-practitioner model, which means they

Like behaviorism, Freud's psychoanalytic theory emphasized that all thoughts, emotions, and actions are

The ideas of which early psychologist were most similar to those of Charles Darwin?

An entire group of animals or people belonging to a particular category is called a

An inactive substance, such as a sugar pill or a saline injection, that is given in the place of a drug in psychological research or by physicians who want to treat a complaint by suggestion, is called a(n)

We can draw conclusions about a larger group of people by randomly selecting a smaller group. The entire larger group of people is known as the

The cognitive unconscious is the part of the mind

Unlike psychology, superstitions change little over time because their followers succumb to

Which of the following is similar to "cherry picking" evidence and arguments to support your own beliefs, can occur unconsciously, and ultimately prevents you from confronting your mistaken beliefs?

Which of the following statements about B. F. Skinner is FALSE?

One of the advantages of the correlational method is that

At the U.S. Air Force Academy Preparatory School, 100 student pilots were randomly assigned to five different math classes with their teachers not knowing about this random placement. Instead, each teacher was told that his or her students had unusually high or low ability. Students in the classes labeled high ability improved much more in math scores than those in low-ability classes, although, initially, all the classes had students of equal ability. Although the teachers were not conscious of it, they apparently communicated their expectations subtly to students by their tone of voice, body language, and encouragement or criticism. These hints created what is known as a(n)

Edward Titchener called Wundt's ideas structuralism because he tried to analyze the structure of mental life into

We wish to test the hypothesis that music improves learning. Random assignment into two groups, one that listens to music and one that studies in silence, controls for

Correlational studies are used to demonstrate cause-and-effect relationships.

If you are having a hard time housebreaking your young, healthy puppy to use the puppy pads, helpful information regarding how to reinforce your puppy would most likely come from a

Which question below relates most directly to the goal of controlling behavior?

Experiments can determine cause-and-effect relationships with the suspected cause being the __________variable.

Montel studies the effects of urban noise, crowding, and the human use of space. Montel is most likely a(n)________ psychologist.

Psychologists who want to study behavior as it unfolds in natural settings use a technique called