Exam 1: Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

In order to permit scientific study, covert behaviors are

You go to Africa to study elephants. You follow one particular group, and one day you observe the other members of the group gather around a sick and dying elephant. The healthy elephants shuffle and trumpet and act in an agitated manner. You conclude that they are sad because one of their members is dying. Without any other evidence, you have just

On a talk show, a person claims to have taught 50 people how to walk barefoot on hot coals using a technique called "neurolinguistic programming," when, in reality, anyone with reasonably callused feet can do this. A critical thinker should have realized that this technique was never tested in a true experiment with a(n)__________ group.

If the correlations between one's self-concept and academic performance were positive, we could say that

Connie's job as a psychologist involves the use of psychological testing for the vocational counseling of students as well as to detect and treat learning disabilities. Connie is most likely a __________ psychologist.

Which school of thought in psychology emphasizes the study of overt, observable behavior?

In an experiment to study the effects of study skills training on academic achievement, the study skills training would be the __________ variable.

Which of the following coefficients of correlation indicates the WEAKEST relationship between two sets of variables?

Researchers using naturalistic observations to study an animal colony must avoid making friends with the animals to minimize the

If you see your mother in the kitchen crying and incorrectly assume she is upset when her tears are really due to peeling an onion, you have failed to distinguish between __________ and inference.

In an experiment, the people whose behavior is investigated

Dr. Gonzalez is studying how biology, child rearing, education, and societal stereotypes influence the differing behaviors exhibited by females and males in the workplace. Dr. Gonzalez is most likely a(n)__________ psychologist.

According to your textbook, which view of human behavior is NOT considered a part of the psychological perspective?

Recording the behavior of people or animals in their real-life settings without imposing laboratory conditions is known as __________.

When observations are reliably confirmed by multiple observers, this is referred to as

The American scholar known as the founder of functionalism was

Which school of thought in psychology believes that people can freely choose to live more creative, meaningful, and satisfying lives?

Imageless thought is an old term describing the inability of introspectionists to become subjectively aware of some mental processes.

When researchers set out to determine why more women attempted suicide but more men succeeded at it, they were attempting to meet which goal in psychology?

Changes in behavior due to participants' expectations that a drug or other treatment will have some effect is known as the