Exam 1: Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

The study of similarities and differences in the behavior of different species is called

Which psychologist advanced the theory that a "designed culture" based on positive reinforcement could encourage desirable behavior?

Hae is a psychologist, who works for a cable network that regularly televises court proceedings and provides commentary for the viewers. Hae is most likely a __________ psychologist.

Dr. Darius subtly and unknowingly communicated her expectations to her subjects, which resulted in her subjects behaving in ways that made her expectations come true, a phenomenon known as a(n)

Dr. Leung has been studying consistent trends in how males and females have selected their mates throughout the long history of humankind. Dr. Dauphine is most likely a(n)__________ psychologist.

Cambria is a psychologist who is conducting research regarding which marketing methods and which types of packaging were the most successful in selling her company's products to college students. Cambria is most likely a(n)__________ psychologist.

A representative sample is chosen from an entire group of people belonging to a particular category, such as all college students or all married women, with this entire group being called the __________.

One way to reduce the effects of the presence of the observer on the behavior of the observed is to

John's poor performance in reading was found to be due to visual discrimination problems. This determination of the cause for his poor reading performance illustrates which goal of psychology?

If you heard only the individual notes of your favorite song played one per hour, you would not recognize it. However, when these notes are played together in the correct order and close in time as a melody, your favorite song is easily recognizable. The importance of being able to hear a melody rather than individual notes illustrates which school of thought in psychology?

Which of the following is an approach to psychology that focuses on human experience, problems, potentials, and ideals and stresses subjective factors, such as one's self-image, self-evaluation, and frame of reference?

Psychologists from which school of thought would be most likely to explain that threatening thoughts are sometimes repressed?

Regarding the principles of critical thinking, which of the following statements is FALSE?

An expert tells you that "you can catch a cold by not wearing a coat when it is cold." If you are a critical thinker, you would

Regarding graphology, which of the following statements is FALSE?

The entire belief system of astrology is held without objective evidence and in the face of falsifying evidence. Thus, this unfounded belief in astrology would be considered

A researcher wants to find out if taking a new antidepressant drug will decrease the symptoms of subjects suffering from social anxiety. The number of symptoms exhibited by the subjects would be the __________ variable.

The cognitive view of psychology takes a computer-like view of how the brain functions and explains behavior in terms of information processing.

A college student has volunteered to tutor students in a first-grade classroom. She hopes to gain a realistic picture of the everyday behavior of these students. However, every time she enters the classroom, the students all stop what they are doing and run up to her begging her to tutor them next. This college student will probably never get a realistic picture of a typical first grader's school day because of the

A negative correlation means that as one variable increases the other