Exam 6: Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Harry Noller's experiments in which he extracted the ribosomal proteins and found that RNA molecules could catalyze protein synthesis had one major flaw. What was the flaw?

  Figure 6.4 Answer the question by using the accompanying graph. The optimal pH for enzyme 1 is ____. ​

Answer the question using the accompanying graph. Which portion of the graph shows the free energy of the reaction? ​

In competitive inhibition, the ____. ​

What is the ultimate source of energy for almost all organisms? ​

Which statement is true for exergonic reactions? ​

The term that best describes all of the chemical reactions of a cell, including acquisition and use of molecules and energy, is ____.

If an enzyme is saturated, ____.

  Figure 6.2 Answer the question using the accompanying graph. Which portion of the graph shows the activation energy in the presence of enzyme? ​

Which example would have a negative change in entropy? ​

Is a ribozyme a true enzyme? ​

Why is energy defined as "the capacity to do work"?

Although energy cannot be created or destroyed, energy transformations are not 100% efficient. Why? ​

You do an experiment in the laboratory and add increasing amounts of substrate to a solution containing an enzyme and a pH buffer. You incubate the container at the optimal temperature for your enzyme. Each time you add more substrate, you measure the rate of the reaction. If you graph the results with substrate concentration on the x-axis and reaction rate on the y-axis, what will you find over time? ​

Approximately how many ATP molecules are hydrolyzed and resynthesized each second in a typical cell? ​

Which system is considered a closed system? ​

What is the significance of activation energy?

According to the first law of thermodynamics, ____. ​