Question 1

Energy from ATP is transferred to the reactant of an endergonic reaction by addition of a(n)_____ group to that molecule.. ​

Accepted Answer

A) nitrate 
B) ribose 
C) deoxyribose 
D) acetyl 
E) phosphate 
A) nitrate 
B) ribose 
C) deoxyribose 
D) acetyl 
E) phosphate

Question 2

Why do Siamese cats have brown ears, nose, tails and paws?

Accepted Answer

A) Siamese cats contain heat sensitive enzymes that are more active in the extremities. ​ 
B) Siamese cats contain heat sensitive enzymes that are more active in the core body. 
C) Siamese cats contain pH sensitive enzymes that are more active in regions of the body exposed to UV radiation. 
D) Siamese cats contain pH sensitive enzymes that are more active in regions of the body that are not exposed to UV radiation 
E) Siamese cats contain pH sensitive enzymes that are more active in regions of the body that contain nerve endings. 
A) Siamese cats contain heat sensitive enzymes that are more active in the extremities. ​ 
B) Siamese cats contain heat sensitive enzymes that are more active in the core body. 
C) Siamese cats contain pH sensitive enzymes that are more active in regions of the body exposed to UV radiation. 
D) Siamese cats contain pH sensitive enzymes that are more active in regions of the body that are not exposed to UV radiation 
E) Siamese cats contain pH sensitive enzymes that are more active in regions of the body that contain nerve endings.

Question 3

Why does the existence of ribozymes offer a possible solution to the question of whether nucleic acids or proteins appeared first in evolution?

Accepted Answer

Because nucleic acids contain the requir

Question 4

Match between columns
                        Premises: a dead cell

Accepted Answer

The Answer of exergonic and equilibrium and endergonic is...

Question 5

Ribozymes are ____.

Accepted Answer

A) RNA catalysts 
B) proteins that catalyze RNA synthesis 
C) RNA molecules that slow the rate of protein synthesis 
D) the products of RNA degradation 
E) amino acids that catalyze RNA synthesis 
A) RNA catalysts 
B) proteins that catalyze RNA synthesis 
C) RNA molecules that slow the rate of protein synthesis 
D) the products of RNA degradation 
E) amino acids that catalyze RNA synthesis

Question 6

What happens when an enzyme is bound by an allosteric activator? ​

Accepted Answer

A) The enzyme transitions from an activate state to an inactive state. 
B) The enzyme transitions from a low affinity state to a high affinity state. 
C) The enzyme transitions from a high affinity state to a low affinity state. 
D) The enzyme can now bind to the cofactors necessary for the reaction. 
E) The enzyme can no longer bind to inhibitors. 
A) The enzyme transitions from an activate state to an inactive state. 
B) The enzyme transitions from a low affinity state to a high affinity state. 
C) The enzyme transitions from a high affinity state to a low affinity state. 
D) The enzyme can now bind to the cofactors necessary for the reaction. 
E) The enzyme can no longer bind to inhibitors.

Question 7

Figure 6.4
Answer the question by using the accompanying graph. If all three enzymes catalyze the same reaction and your experimental conditions require a pH of 8, which enzyme would you choose? ​

Accepted Answer

A) enzyme 1 
B) enzyme 2 
C) enzyme 3 
D) either enzyme 2 or 3 
E) both enzymes 2 and 3 
A) enzyme 1 
B) enzyme 2 
C) enzyme 3 
D) either enzyme 2 or 3 
E) both enzymes 2 and 3

Question 8

The conversion of a diamond into graphite is a spontaneous reaction. Why are most women walking around with diamond rings and not graphite rings? ​

Accepted Answer

A) inorganic substances, like diamonds, do not react like organic substances 
B) the transition state is very stable 
C) the energy of activation is very high 
D) the free energy of this reaction is too low 
E) the free energy of this reaction is too high 
A) inorganic substances, like diamonds, do not react like organic substances 
B) the transition state is very stable 
C) the energy of activation is very high 
D) the free energy of this reaction is too low 
E) the free energy of this reaction is too high

Question 9

Figure 6.3
In the accompanying figure, why does the curve sharply drop after approximately 45 ° C instead of mirroring the slope of the line going from 0 - 40 ° C? ​

Accepted Answer

A) At high temperatures, the reactions proceed so quickly that enzymes are no longer helpful or required. 
B) This is true of all catalysts and is not due to any special features of enzymes. 
C) The kinetic energy of the reactants is so great that it destabilizes the enzyme and diminishes the enzyme's activity. 
D) The kinetic energy of the reactants is lower than that of the products, forcing a change in enzyme activity. 
E) The enzyme begins to denature above a certain temperature, eliminating all catalytic activity of the protein. 
A) At high temperatures, the reactions proceed so quickly that enzymes are no longer helpful or required. 
B) This is true of all catalysts and is not due to any special features of enzymes. 
C) The kinetic energy of the reactants is so great that it destabilizes the enzyme and diminishes the enzyme's activity. 
D) The kinetic energy of the reactants is lower than that of the products, forcing a change in enzyme activity. 
E) The enzyme begins to denature above a certain temperature, eliminating all catalytic activity of the protein.

Question 10

If a reaction is endergonic, what can we infer about the reaction? ​

Accepted Answer

A) ΔH must be positive 
B) ΔH must be negative 
C) ΔG must be positive 
D) ΔG must be negative 
E) ΔS must be positive 
A) ΔH must be positive 
B) ΔH must be negative 
C) ΔG must be positive 
D) ΔG must be negative 
E) ΔS must be positive

Question 11

Match between columns
                        Premises: catalyst

Accepted Answer

The Answer of The linking of an exergonic reaction with is...

Question 12

Why is using heat to speed up biological reactions problematic?

Accepted Answer

Although increasing the temper

Question 13

The ultimate fate of the energy used by organisms is ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) conversion into heat 
B) transmission onto offspring 
C) to be recycled repeatedly without loss 
D) to be recycled as metabolic energy 
E) move into the environment by conduction 
A) conversion into heat 
B) transmission onto offspring 
C) to be recycled repeatedly without loss 
D) to be recycled as metabolic energy 
E) move into the environment by conduction

Question 14

Allosteric inhibitors are often ____.

Accepted Answer

A) substrates of the reactions they regulate 
B) products of the reactions that they regulate 
C) charged amino acids in the active site 
D) large, complex organic molecules 
E) competitive inhibitors 
A) substrates of the reactions they regulate 
B) products of the reactions that they regulate 
C) charged amino acids in the active site 
D) large, complex organic molecules 
E) competitive inhibitors

Question 15

The potential energy in a chemical bond is defined as chemical energy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Because of some of the problems with explaining how the first RNA organisms originated, an alternative possibility has been proposed in which ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) proteins and RNA evolved simultaneously 
B) DNA existed before RNA 
C) lipids functioned as enzymes 
D) a different form of life existed before the RNA world 
E) viruses functioned as carriers for RNA 
A) proteins and RNA evolved simultaneously 
B) DNA existed before RNA 
C) lipids functioned as enzymes 
D) a different form of life existed before the RNA world 
E) viruses functioned as carriers for RNA

Question 17

What is the name of the specific region of an enzyme responsible for catalysis? ​

Accepted Answer

A) functional domain 
B) active site 
C) binding site 
D) allosteric site 
E) reaction domain 
A) functional domain 
B) active site 
C) binding site 
D) allosteric site 
E) reaction domain

Question 18

Identify the exergonic reaction in the list below. ​

Accepted Answer

A) burning wood for a campfire 
B) folding laundry 
C) building a tower out of blocks 
D) synthesizing a protein 
E) storing the third slice of pie in the form of fat 
A) burning wood for a campfire 
B) folding laundry 
C) building a tower out of blocks 
D) synthesizing a protein 
E) storing the third slice of pie in the form of fat

Question 19

Enzymes function primarily by ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) forcing the reactants into an altered environment which in turn creates a change in the free energy of the reactants relative to the products 
B) altering the equilibrium point of a particular reaction to favor the formation of products 
C) increasing the probability that the reactants will come into close proximity to each other in the proper orientation for forming the transition state molecule 
D) removing reactants from solution in a set ratio to increase the chances of the remaining individual reactants interacting with each other 
E) changing the ratio of reactants to products so that the forward reaction is favored 
A) forcing the reactants into an altered environment which in turn creates a change in the free energy of the reactants relative to the products 
B) altering the equilibrium point of a particular reaction to favor the formation of products 
C) increasing the probability that the reactants will come into close proximity to each other in the proper orientation for forming the transition state molecule 
D) removing reactants from solution in a set ratio to increase the chances of the remaining individual reactants interacting with each other 
E) changing the ratio of reactants to products so that the forward reaction is favored

Question 20

What is the primary determinant of the function and specificity of an enzyme? ​

Accepted Answer

A) the cofactors bound to the enzyme 
B) the presence or absence of an allosteric regulator 
C) prosthetic groups 
D) the enzyme's conformation 
E) the pH of its environment 
A) the cofactors bound to the enzyme 
B) the presence or absence of an allosteric regulator 
C) prosthetic groups 
D) the enzyme's conformation 
E) the pH of its environment

Exam 6: Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Energy from ATP is transferred to the reactant of an endergonic reaction by addition of a(n)_____ group to that molecule.. ​

Why do Siamese cats have brown ears, nose, tails and paws?

Why does the existence of ribozymes offer a possible solution to the question of whether nucleic acids or proteins appeared first in evolution?

Ribozymes are ____.

What happens when an enzyme is bound by an allosteric activator? ​

Figure 6.4 Answer the question by using the accompanying graph. If all three enzymes catalyze the same reaction and your experimental conditions require a pH of 8, which enzyme would you choose? ​

The conversion of a diamond into graphite is a spontaneous reaction. Why are most women walking around with diamond rings and not graphite rings? ​

Figure 6.3 In the accompanying figure, why does the curve sharply drop after approximately 45 ° C instead of mirroring the slope of the line going from 0 - 40 ° C? ​

If a reaction is endergonic, what can we infer about the reaction? ​

Why is using heat to speed up biological reactions problematic?

The ultimate fate of the energy used by organisms is ____. ​

Allosteric inhibitors are often ____.

The potential energy in a chemical bond is defined as chemical energy.

Because of some of the problems with explaining how the first RNA organisms originated, an alternative possibility has been proposed in which ____. ​

What is the name of the specific region of an enzyme responsible for catalysis? ​

Identify the exergonic reaction in the list below. ​

Enzymes function primarily by ____. ​

What is the primary determinant of the function and specificity of an enzyme? ​

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

DNA Structure, Replication, and Organization

From DNA to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technologies: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

Filters

Energy from ATP is transferred to the reactant of an endergonic reaction by addition of a(n)_____ group to that molecule..

What happens when an enzyme is bound by an allosteric activator?

Figure 6.4 Answer the question by using the accompanying graph. If all three enzymes catalyze the same reaction and your experimental conditions require a pH of 8, which enzyme would you choose?

The conversion of a diamond into graphite is a spontaneous reaction. Why are most women walking around with diamond rings and not graphite rings?

Figure 6.3 In the accompanying figure, why does the curve sharply drop after approximately 45 ° C instead of mirroring the slope of the line going from 0 - 40 ° C?

If a reaction is endergonic, what can we infer about the reaction?

The ultimate fate of the energy used by organisms is ____.

Because of some of the problems with explaining how the first RNA organisms originated, an alternative possibility has been proposed in which ____.

What is the name of the specific region of an enzyme responsible for catalysis?

Identify the exergonic reaction in the list below.

Enzymes function primarily by ____.

What is the primary determinant of the function and specificity of an enzyme?