Question 1

Enzymes are ____ catalysts . ​

Accepted Answer

A) protein 
B) lipid 
C) nucleic acid 
D) inorganic 
E) ionic 
A) protein 
B) lipid 
C) nucleic acid 
D) inorganic 
E) ionic

Question 2

If an enzyme's optimal temperature is 37 ° C, then the enzyme ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) has a cofactor 
B) is likely to catalyze the reaction at the same rate at 30 ° C 
C) will probably be inactive at a pH below 4.5 
D) will completely denature at 38 ° C 
E) activity will drop at temperatures above 37 ° C and likely be eliminated by 60 ° C 
A) has a cofactor 
B) is likely to catalyze the reaction at the same rate at 30 ° C 
C) will probably be inactive at a pH below 4.5 
D) will completely denature at 38 ° C 
E) activity will drop at temperatures above 37 ° C and likely be eliminated by 60 ° C

Question 3

ATP synthesis is exergonic .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Coenzymes that bind tightly to enzymes are called ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) cofactors 
B) appendages 
C) regulatory groups 
D) prosthetic groups 
E) magnetic groups 
A) cofactors 
B) appendages 
C) regulatory groups 
D) prosthetic groups 
E) magnetic groups

Question 5

If an enzyme is bound by an allosteric activator , the enzyme will convert from a low-affinity state to a high-affinity state.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Enzymes don't change the D G of a reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

How did Zhang and Cech purify the RNA molecules that were able to catalyze the linkage between two amino acids? ​

Accepted Answer

A) passing the reaction mixture through a column that binds biotin 
B) passing the reaction mixture through a column that binds all proteins 
C) passing the reaction mixture through a column that binds RNA 
D) centrifuging the reaction mixture to concentrate the proteins 
E) centrifuging the reaction mixture to concentrate the RNA molecules 
A) passing the reaction mixture through a column that binds biotin 
B) passing the reaction mixture through a column that binds all proteins 
C) passing the reaction mixture through a column that binds RNA 
D) centrifuging the reaction mixture to concentrate the proteins 
E) centrifuging the reaction mixture to concentrate the RNA molecules

Question 8

Match between columns
                        Premises: equilibrium point

Accepted Answer

The Answer of The energy needed to start a reaction, is...

Question 9

Reversible reactions in a cell rarely reach equilibrium because ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) the products are generally reactants in other reactions and are thus immediately used 
B) a cell at equilibrium is dead 
C) they are highly regulated to prevent overuse of reactants 
D) cells have no way of measuring the relative ratios of reactants and products 
E) conditions in the cell change too rapidly for any reaction to ever reach equilibrium 
A) the products are generally reactants in other reactions and are thus immediately used 
B) a cell at equilibrium is dead 
C) they are highly regulated to prevent overuse of reactants 
D) cells have no way of measuring the relative ratios of reactants and products 
E) conditions in the cell change too rapidly for any reaction to ever reach equilibrium

Question 10

An exergonic reaction will have a ____.

Accepted Answer

A) negative change in kinetic energy 
B) positive change in enthalpy 
C) negative change in entropy 
D) D G = 0 
E) negative change in free energy 
A) negative change in kinetic energy 
B) positive change in enthalpy 
C) negative change in entropy 
D) D G = 0 
E) negative change in free energy

Question 11

Eating and digesting a candy bar for energy during a sports event is a good example of ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) catabolism 
B) anabolism 
C) converting kinetic energy into potential energy 
D) metabolism 
E) converting heat energy into chemical energy 
A) catabolism 
B) anabolism 
C) converting kinetic energy into potential energy 
D) metabolism 
E) converting heat energy into chemical energy

Question 12

The rate of catalysis is proportional to the concentration of the enzyme .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Match between columns
                        Premises: coupled reaction

Accepted Answer

The Answer of The portion of the enzyme that binds is...

Question 14

Where does the energy for ATP synthesis come from? ​

Accepted Answer

A) anabolism of complex molecules into simpler molecules 
B) catabolism of complex molecules into simpler molecules 
C) anabolism of simple molecules into complex molecules 
D) catabolism of simple molecules into complex molecules 
E) anabolism of complex molecules directly into ATP 
A) anabolism of complex molecules into simpler molecules 
B) catabolism of complex molecules into simpler molecules 
C) anabolism of simple molecules into complex molecules 
D) catabolism of simple molecules into complex molecules 
E) anabolism of complex molecules directly into ATP

Question 15

Enzymes aid in metabolism by ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) changing the D G of the reaction 
B) adding additional reactants to the system 
C) slowing the rate of some reactions and increasing the rate of other reactions 
D) stabilizing the transition state 
E) removing unused reactants from the system 
A) changing the D G of the reaction 
B) adding additional reactants to the system 
C) slowing the rate of some reactions and increasing the rate of other reactions 
D) stabilizing the transition state 
E) removing unused reactants from the system

Question 16

Match between columns
                        Premises: digestion of a candy bar

Accepted Answer

The Answer of endergonic and exergonic and equilibrium is...

Question 17

You modify the primary sequence of an enzyme in a region that will be the active site when the protein is properly folded. What is the predicted outcome of this change?

Accepted Answer

A) The enzyme will not bind to the substrate properly. 
B) The enzyme will not be able to bind an allosteric inhibitor. 
C) The enzyme will have an increased rate of activity. 
D) There will be no change in the enzyme's function. 
E) The enzyme will bind the substrate but not be able to release the products. 
A) The enzyme will not bind to the substrate properly. 
B) The enzyme will not be able to bind an allosteric inhibitor. 
C) The enzyme will have an increased rate of activity. 
D) There will be no change in the enzyme's function. 
E) The enzyme will bind the substrate but not be able to release the products.

Question 18

How does energy coupling allow chemical reactions that are not spontaneous to proceed? ​

Accepted Answer

A) the energy from both reactions increases the total free energy 
B) the energy from the endergonic reaction is transferred to the substrate to stabilize it 
C) the energy from the endergonic reaction is transferred to the enzyme to stabilize the transition state 
D) the energy from the exergonic reaction is transferred to the substrate to stabilize it 
E) the energy from the exergonic reaction is transferred to the substrate to destabilize it 
A) the energy from both reactions increases the total free energy 
B) the energy from the endergonic reaction is transferred to the substrate to stabilize it 
C) the energy from the endergonic reaction is transferred to the enzyme to stabilize the transition state 
D) the energy from the exergonic reaction is transferred to the substrate to stabilize it 
E) the energy from the exergonic reaction is transferred to the substrate to destabilize it

Question 19

Ribozymes are enzymes. ​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The free energy of ATP hydrolysis is -31.0 kJ/mol. The free energy of glucose phosphorylation by hexokinase is +14.3 kJ/mol. These two reactions are coupled to allow them to proceed spontaneously. What is the overall free energy associated with this coupled reaction? ​

Accepted Answer

A) -45.3 kJ/mol 
B) -31 kJ/mol 
C) -16.7 kJ/mol 
D) 16.7 kJ/mol 
E) 45.3 kJ/mol 
A) -45.3 kJ/mol 
B) -31 kJ/mol 
C) -16.7 kJ/mol 
D) 16.7 kJ/mol 
E) 45.3 kJ/mol

Exam 6: Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Enzymes are ____ catalysts . ​

If an enzyme's optimal temperature is 37 ° C, then the enzyme ____. ​

ATP synthesis is exergonic .

Coenzymes that bind tightly to enzymes are called ____. ​

If an enzyme is bound by an allosteric activator , the enzyme will convert from a low-affinity state to a high-affinity state.

Enzymes don't change the D G of a reaction.

How did Zhang and Cech purify the RNA molecules that were able to catalyze the linkage between two amino acids? ​

Reversible reactions in a cell rarely reach equilibrium because ____. ​

An exergonic reaction will have a ____.

Eating and digesting a candy bar for energy during a sports event is a good example of ____. ​

The rate of catalysis is proportional to the concentration of the enzyme .

Where does the energy for ATP synthesis come from? ​

Enzymes aid in metabolism by ____. ​

You modify the primary sequence of an enzyme in a region that will be the active site when the protein is properly folded. What is the predicted outcome of this change?

How does energy coupling allow chemical reactions that are not spontaneous to proceed? ​

Ribozymes are enzymes. ​

The free energy of ATP hydrolysis is -31.0 kJ/mol. The free energy of glucose phosphorylation by hexokinase is +14.3 kJ/mol. These two reactions are coupled to allow them to proceed spontaneously. What is the overall free energy associated with this coupled reaction? ​

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

DNA Structure, Replication, and Organization

From DNA to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technologies: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

Filters

Enzymes are ____ catalysts .

If an enzyme's optimal temperature is 37 ° C, then the enzyme ____.

Coenzymes that bind tightly to enzymes are called ____.

How did Zhang and Cech purify the RNA molecules that were able to catalyze the linkage between two amino acids?

Reversible reactions in a cell rarely reach equilibrium because ____.

Eating and digesting a candy bar for energy during a sports event is a good example of ____.

Where does the energy for ATP synthesis come from?

Enzymes aid in metabolism by ____.

How does energy coupling allow chemical reactions that are not spontaneous to proceed?

Ribozymes are enzymes.

The free energy of ATP hydrolysis is -31.0 kJ/mol. The free energy of glucose phosphorylation by hexokinase is +14.3 kJ/mol. These two reactions are coupled to allow them to proceed spontaneously. What is the overall free energy associated with this coupled reaction?