Exam 10: Cell Division and Mitosis

Colchicine, a chemical extracted from the autumn crocus (C olchicum autumnale ), inhibits the formation of microtubules. Mitotic cells exposed to colchicine will therefore be arrested at ____.

In plants, the microtubules organizing centers are comprised of microtubules.

Embryonic development begins with a single egg fertilized by a single sperm, forming a zygote which then divides by mitosis. How many cells are present in the embryo at the conclusion of four mitotic divisions?

Chromosomes decondense into chromatin at which point in the cell cycle?

During which phase(s) of mitosis are chromosomes composed of two sister chromatids?

Which statement best describes the difference between cell division in plant and animal cells?

Oncogenes are often ____.

Loosely packed regions of DNA associated with histones are called ____.

Figure 10.1 - Answer the following questions using the accompanying figure. Identify the stage of mitosis shown in panel B.

Organisms that reproduce asexually usually do so through the process of ____.

One of the three internal cell cycle checkpoints occurs during ____ and monitors ____.

Most cancers require at least two mutations: 1) one in an oncogene, which encodes proteins that trigger cell division, and 2) one in a tumor suppressor gene, whose protein products, in their unmutated form, play a key role in preventing the cell cycle from progressing if the DNA is damaged or in the absence of specific cues. Which class of proteins might be considered tumor suppressors?

Figure 10.1 - Answer the following questions using the accompanying figure. Identify the stage of mitosis shown in panel E.

In order to understand how chromosomes move during anaphase of mitosis, researchers tagged ____ with a fluorescent label before photobleaching the cell and examining chromosomal movement under a microscope.

The separation of duplicated chromosomes into two new nuclei is known as ____.

Compared to the parent cell, each of two daughter cells that result from normal mitotic division contains ____ chromosomes and is genetically ____.

At the conclusion of S phase, a diploid cell with 40 chromosomes will have ____ chromosomes and _____ sister chromatids.

When growth factors bind to receptors on the cell surface, the signaling cascade will ____.

Chromosomes are in a condensed form at which stage(s) of the cell cycle?

Certain human cell types, such as skeletal muscle cells, have several nuclei per cell. Based on your understanding of mitosis, how could this happen?